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Felleskostnader

Ettersom flere mennesker lever lenger, trenger vi flere helsetjenester, spesielt for akutte helseproblemer. Dette legger mye press på helsesystemet vårt, som inkluderer hjemmeomsorg, sykehjem, lokale klinikker og sykehus. For å sikre at vi kan ta vare på alle i fremtiden, må vi finne måter å hjelpe eldre mennesker med å holde seg sunne og unngå å trenge mye omsorg.
PAI-prosjektet jobber med dette problemet. Prosjektet bruker kunstig intelligens (KI) for å forutsi hvilken type omsorg eldre mennesker kan trenge ved å se på helsedata. Ved å oppdage helseproblemer tidlig, kan vi ta skritt for å forhindre at de blir verre. Dette kan bety at vi forhindrer fall i sykehjem eller endrer en persons medisinering på deres lokale klinikk. Dette bidrar til å unngå sykehusopphold, som kan være dyre og stressende.
Imidlertid er det vanskelig å forutsi helsebehov fordi dataene vi har kan variere mye. Det kan være forskjellig avhengig av hvor personen bor, og hvilke helseproblemer de har. For å håndtere dette, jobber PAI-prosjektet med mennesker som mottar omsorg og helsearbeidere for å utvikle KI-verktøy. Prosjektet tester disse verktøyene i virkelige situasjoner i Spania, Sverige og Norge.
Prosjektet bruker en blanding av metoder for å samle inn og analysere data. Dette inkluderer både tall (kvantitative data) og folks erfaringer og meninger (kvalitative data). Målet er å hjelpe eldre mennesker ved å gi dem riktig omsorg til rett tid, forhindre at skader og sykdommer blir verre. Det hjelper også helsearbeidere ved å sørge for at ressursene brukes effektivt og skaper et godt arbeidsmiljø. Løsningene de finner kan brukes på mange forskjellige steder.

As the population ages, the demand for healthcare services increases, including acute care. This puts a strain on healthcare resources, making efficient care management crucial at all levels - home, nursing homes, primary care, and hospitals.
The PAI project aims to address this challenge by using artificial intelligence (AI) to predict the care needs of older individuals. By analyzing patient monitoring data, the project can detect early signs of health or functional decline. This allows for preventive measures to be taken, reducing the need for costly acute care and aftercare. For example, hospitalizations can be prevented by avoiding falls in nursing homes or adjusting medication in primary care.
However, predicting the care needs of older patients is not straightforward. It involves dealing with varying data availability, quality, and potential interventions across different care levels and diagnoses. To tackle this, the PAI project uses a design science approach and a multiple case study design. It develops analytics in collaboration with care recipients and healthcare practitioners and implements them in real-life settings in Spain, Sweden, and Norway.
The project uses a mixed-methods strategy for data collection and analysis, combining quantitative and qualitative elements. This includes the thematic interpretative analysis of meeting notes, interviews, and observations, as well as the statistical longitudinal trend analysis of Key Performance Indicators in the respective healthcare systems.
The benefits of the PAI project are twofold. Older individuals receive adequate early care, preventing injuries and the worsening of diseases. Healthcare staff can use their resources more effectively, creating a sustainable and satisfying work environment. The outcomes of the project are scalable and can be applied in various contexts, making it a valuable contribution to the future of European healthcare.

Predicting Care Needs of Older Adults in the Healthcare System through AI-enabled Analysis of Patient-Monitoring Data

Målet for FUSE er å utvikle kunnskap og metoder for energieffektive og trygge skipsoperasjoner ved å kombinere KI og skips hydrodynamikk som muliggjør raske utslippsreduksjoner fra den globale flåten gjennom neste generasjons ruteoptimalisering.


Hovedideen er å utvikle metoder for mer nøyaktige numeriske modeller for skipsytelse, inkludert både energi- og bevegelsesegenskaper, ved å bruke kunstig intelligens i kombinasjon med klassisk hydrodynamikk. Tradisjonelle hydrodynamiske modeller er basert på grunnprinsipper og reflekterer fysiske lover. Kunstig intelligens kan trenes på operasjonelle data til å finne nye sammenhenger i dataene utover det man vet fra fysikkens lover. Begge tilnærmingene har sine fordeler og ulemper, og vi tar sikte på å kombinere det beste fra begge tilnærmingene og utvikle hybridmodeller. 
Potensielle effekter av de nye skipsmodellene vil evalueres gjennom bruk i ruteplanlegging.

Som utgangspunkt vil vi samle brukerkrav fra industripartnerne med fokus på to utvalgte brukstilfeller; deep sea og fergedrift. Forskningsaktivitetene vil dekke dataanalyse, KI og skipshydrodynamikk og reiseoptimalisering og beslutningsstøtte. Relevante forskningstemaer innebærer å sammenligne de ulike tilnærmingene for å estimere skipsytelse, vurdere nøyaktighet og gyldig bruk av modellene og evaluering av modellenes sensitivitet og anvendelighet. Til slutt vil den potensielle effekten av å bruke hybridmodeller i reiseoptimalisering bli undersøkt og demonstrert. En ph.d.-kandidat vil bli utdannet fra NTNU med fokus på å fusjonere KI med skipshydrodynamikk. 

Prosjektpartnerne er SINTEF Ocean, SINTEF Ålesund, NTNU, Torghatten, Vard Electro, NAVTOR og G2 Ocean.

The FUSE vision is to rapidly reduce emissions from the global fleet by unlocking the full potential of operational data through fusing AI and ship hydrodynamics for next generation voyage optimization. The main idea is to develop theoretical approaches and methodology utilizing the potential of using AI in combination with classical hydrodynamics to develop more accurate numerical models for ship performance, including both energy and motion characteristics. Traditional hydrodynamic models are based on first-principle, reflecting physical laws. AI-based models which uses operational data are used to establish a statistical relationship between inputs and outputs. Both approaches have their pros and cons, and we aim to fuse the best of both approaches and develop hybrid models as input to voyage planning and onboard decision support systems.  As a starting point, we will gather user requirements from the industrial partners focusing on two selected use cases; deepsea and ferry operations. The industry partners will be involved during the whole project period ensuring that the competence and results can be exploited into their product and services. The industry partners will contribute with operational data from their ships as research data. 

The research activities will cover data analytics, AI and ship hydrodynamics and voyage optimization and decision support. Research partners are SINTEF Ocean, SINTEF Ålesund, and NTNU. A PhD candidate will be educated from the NTNU with supervisors from Marine Technology and Engineering Cybernetics with focus on fusing AI with ship hydrodynamics. Relevant research topics involve comparing the different approaches for estimating ship performance, considering accuracies and valid usage of the models and evaluation of sensitivity and applicability of the models. Finally, the potential impact of using hybrid models in voyage optimization will be investigated and demonstrated.

Fusing AI and Ship Hydrodynamics for Next-Gen Voyage Optimization

mSpider: a universal “digital adaptor” to extract physical activity and health data from wearable sensors

I Nordsjøen finnes det organisk rike leirlag som har blitt begravd til flere kilometers dyp. Når slike leirlag blir begravd til flere kilometers dyp, blir de så varme at de begynner å generere olje og gass. Av all oljen og gassen som har blitt generert i Nordsjøen, har hele 98% lekket ut til havet over geologisk tid. Men hvor skjer dette? Hvor mye lekker ut? Hvilke miljøkonsekvenser har det? Hvordan påvirker det planer for CO2-lagring at væsker kan sive ut naturlig noen steder? Og kan det gi ny innsikt i hvor man bør lete etter olje og gass? Dette er spørsmål som InFluSe-prosjektet skal svare på. 

InFluSe står for "Integrated study of Fluid Migration and Seepage in the Southern Norwegian North Sea - Impact on Hydrocarbons, Environment, and CO2 storage". På grunn av de viktige konsekvensene hydrokarbonlekkasje i Nordsjøen har, er det mange som er interessert i dette prosjektet. Prosjektet ledes av Universitetet i Bergen, og har partnere fra industri, akademia og statsadminstrasjon, og disse partnerene inkluderer UiT, Equnior, Vår Energi, AkerBP, Aarhus Universitet, Geomar Kiel, Havforskningsinstituttet og Sokkeldirektoratet. 

I løpet av det første av fire år, skal vi ansette fire PhD-kandidater og gjennomføre et tokt på 20 dager med forskningsskipet G.O. Sars. Den første av PhD-stipendiatene skal bruke satellittdata til å undersøke hvor, når og hvorfor olje lekker i Nordsjøen. Den andre PhDen skal undersøke eksisterende brønn-, kjerne- og seismikk-data fra Nordsjøen for å finne ut hvilke veier hydrokarbonene migrerer under bakken. Den tredje skal samle inn og prosessere nye høy-oppløselige 3D-seismiske data over områder med mye lekkasje for å undersøke hvordan hydrokarbonene kommer seg gjennom takbergartene. Den siste skal undersøke geokjemiske og biologiske prøver fra hydrokarbonoppkommene for å finne ut hvor de kommer fra, hvor lenge de har vert aktive, og hvilke påvirkninger de har på miljøet.

In the Southern Norwegian North Sea (SNNS), analysis of satellite radar data supported by recent scientific cruise activity reveals a previously unknown pattern of natural oil seepage. This seepage pattern indicates the presence of a widespread and previously unknown hydrocarbon migration system. Combined with the extreme availability of subsurface data in the study area and our ability to conduct scientific cruises with state-of-the-art research vessels, the observed seepage pattern makes it possible to characterize and understand migration of fluids in sedimentary basins from source to seep, at a hitherto unparalleled level of detail. Through an integrated and cross-disciplinary research program, the InFluSe project partners will create a complete understanding of hydrocarbon migration and seepage in the SNNS through two scientific cruises, a comprehensive analysis and modelling program, and education of 4 PhDs and >10 MScs in the disciplines of geomatics, subsurface geology, geophysics and geochemistry. Firstly, we will determine the hydrocarbon migration pathways in the SNNS area and develop a baseline of natural hydrocarbon seepage in terms of distribution and rates that past and potential future well-related emissions can be evaluated against. Secondly, improved knowledge about distribution and rates of hydrocarbon seeps in the Norwegian North Sea will make it possible to assess the geological contribution of hydrocarbons, carbon and methane (the most important greenhouse gas after CO2) to the environment and atmosphere, something that is poorly understood from both a conceptual and regional perspective, and may be exacerbated by the shallow depth of seepage here. Thirdly, several CO2 storage licenses are in place in the SNNS and the impact of the observed seepage on the CO2 storage integrity in these areas will be addressed by InFluSe. Finally, understanding of pathways of hydrocarbon migration will help improve play models and de-risk exploration prospects.

Integrated study of Fluid Migration and Seepage in the Southern Norwegian North Sea - Impact on Hydrocarbons, Environment, and CO2 storage

Exploring ebselen Derivatives for Parkinson's Disease Therapy

Novel vaccine platform for animal health

Autonomous Hooking System (AHS): Enhancing Safety and Efficiency in Lifting and Handling Operations

Limb wounds in horses are common, however healing is exceedingly slow and fraught with complications. Contrary to body wounds, limb wounds demonstrate only a small amount of wound contraction. The specialist procedure of applying split-thickness skin grafts to limb wounds stimulates wound contraction by unknown mechanisms. The objective of this project is to identify those mechanisms to develop a treatment strategy for equine limb wounds for use in general  practice. Limb wounds are severely impacting animal welfare due to an extended healing/treatment duration, and the risk of euthanasia due to a poor functional outcome. By stimulating wound contraction, healing time will be reduced, and the functional outcome improved, directly benefitting the welfare of wounded horse and reducing treatment cost for the owner. Aim: To identify dermal components stimulating wound contraction, and to develop this knowledge into future state-of-the-art treatment of equine limb wounds for use in general practice. Hypotheses: i) Application of dermal fractions to collagen gels seeded with equine fibroblasts will increase gel contraction in vitro; ii) Application of dermal fractions to experimental limb wounds in vivo, will increase wound contraction resulting in a faster healing time versus wounds treated by conventional methods. Methods: i) The contractile effect of different dermal components will be assessed in a collagen gel/ fibroblast model; ii) Identified dermal components will be tested in a standardized experimental limb wound model in vivo (n=5). Ultimately, results from this project are expected to improve wound treatment in horses, directly impacting animal welfare by reducing healing time and improving the functional outcome of wounded horses. This will also directly benefit horse owners and caretakers and making veterinarians able to offer better treatment solutions.

HESTEFORSK - Raskere og bedre sårheling hos hest med autologe hudkomponenter

Developing Gene Therapy for Brain Diseases

By step-change EURAD-2 means a new era via a more effective and efficient public research, development and demonstration (RD&D) in Europe, and a deepening of research cooperation between MS having different radioactive waste inventories, and with programs at various stages of development. 

The scope of EURAD-2 builds upon the achievements of EJP EURAD-1 and EURATOM PREDIS. At a strategic level it is structured by the EURAD-1 Roadmap, while the prioritized scope refers to the updated Strategic Research Agenda (SRA)6. EURAD-2 continues to collaboratively develop, maintain and consolidate at the European level the scientific and technical basis of RWM, including disposal.

The scope of EURAD-2 includes scientific and technical activities on all steps (from “cradle to grave”) of RWM:
- Radioactive waste inventory including steps to minimize final radioactive waste to be managed;
- Radioactive waste characterization & processing (including pre-treatment, treatment and conditioning);
- Interim storage of radioactive waste; and
- Disposal solutions – with the main focus on geological disposal of spent fuel, high-level waste (HLW) and long-lived intermediate level waste (ILW).

Specific RD&D required for near-surface or surface disposal and low-level waste (LLW), will be addressed.Nuclear facility dismantling and decommissioning activities are however excluded, although interfaces, and particularly aspects that impacts final disposal could be considered.

The project aims to connect with the wider European Community through, e.g., SNETP, NEA, DigiDECOM community, IGDTP, IAEA, ENSREG, ERDO Association,  and will encourage interaction between different national programmes.

EUROPEAN PARTNERSHIP ON RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT 2 (EURAD-2)

Rosseland senter for solfysikk

Midlene fra SFF-Sentre for fremragende forskn fordelt på år

Midlene fra SFF-Sentre for fremragende forskn fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra SFF-Sentre for fremragende forskn fordelt på fagområde

Professor

The vision of the centre is “understanding the workings of the energetic Sun”.

Solar magnetism lies at the root of most solar and heliospheric physics. The magnetic field is generated by enigmatic dynamo processes in the solar interior, is organized into the complex patterns of activity observed in the solar photosphere, dominates the energetics of the outer solar atmosphere (chromosphere, transition region, corona), regulates the solar wind, and affects the extended heliosphere into the Earth's upper atmosphere. 

We will achieve a coherent picture of these complex physical processes through confronting state-of-the-art 3D numerical models of the entire region from the upper convection zone to the corona with comprehensive observations of the entire solar atmosphere from a powerful suite of new observatories. 

Project start was November 1st, 2017. A scientific highlight was the publication of the first results from the CHROMIS instrument on the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope on La Palma. The observations show intermittent reconnection and plasmoids in UV bursts in the lower solar atmosphere.

The solar magnetic field is generated in dynamo processes in the interior. The magnetic field gives rise to activity at all scales, like solar flares and smaller explosions and jets. In 2018 we have made computer simulations that can explain several of these phenomena. The results have been presented at conferences and the first paper was published in 2019.

We strengthened RoCS in 2019 and 2020 through several hirings. An important strengthening of our scientific breadth was the hiring of three eminent scientists in 20% positions: professor Åke Nordlund from University of Copenhagen, professor Ineke De Moortel from University of St.Andrews and Dr. Juan Martínez Sykora from Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory.

The high activity continued in 2020. We arranged two international meetings in our premises in January and March, before the Covid-19 lock-down. The activity of RoCS is very international, so the  pandemic was a hard blow. Two other international meetings and several longer guest researcher visits had to be cancelled.

Researchers at RoCS have strong roles in the Solar Orbiter project. A highlight was the launch of Solar Orbiter on February 5th, 2020, and the successful testing of the instruments. The first results were shown at the meeting of AGU in December 2020.

Researchers at RoCS have had central roles in the proposal of a new NASA solar satellite, 
Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE). Our simulations of various processes in the solar atmosphere have been used to simulate how observations from the proposed satellite can discriminate between different models of coronal heating and solar explosions. The work was instrumental in getting MUSE selected by NASA in February 2022 for launch in June 2027. Principal investigator for MUSE is Bart De Pontieu, adjunct professor at RoCS.  RoCS also has three co-investigators (Mats Carlsson, Viggo Hansteen og Juan Martínez Sykora).

Every three years the European Solar Physics Meeting is organized by the European Solar Physics Division (ESPD) of the European Physical Society. In 2021 the meeting was organised as a digital meeting. Being the general secretary of ESPD, Tiago Pereira at RoCS was responsible for running the meeting with the help of five students/postdocs at RoCS. With 639 participants and 417 talks, this was probably the largest solar physics meeting ever. 

The ERC Synergy grant project “Whole Sun” (2018-2026) has as a goal to model the whole Sun as one object. We achieved a breakthrough in 2022: through an innovative domain decomposition inspired by the making up of a Volleyball it was possible to map the spherical Sun with cubic patches at slight angles.. The algorithms were published in two papers in November 2022. In 2023 we got an allocation of 167 million core-hours on the LUMI supercomputer in Finland in the first Euro HPC Extreme Scale Access program. We are now using this allocation to relax the simulation cube and prepare to attack some of the most challenging problems in the RoCS research plan.

The ongoing NASA mission IRIS and the new mission MUSE are central for realizing the RoCS vision. In February/March 2023 we organized an international scientific meeting in Longyearbyen, Svalbard. The RoCS/MUSE/IRIS meeting (dubbed RoCMI) gathered 100 eminent scientists for one week of intense discussions with both northern lights and a visit to SvalSat – the downlink station for data from IRIS and MUSE.

In 2024 we have published papers that give important contributions to our understanding of the active Sun; among them a paper on chromospheric and coronal heating by the dissipation of currents from the braiding of magnetic fields published in Nature Astronomy.

The overarching goal of the project is understanding the workings of the energetic Sun.

We wil do this by creating an international centre of excellence that will push the boundaries of solar physics by exploiting and extending the unique combination of cutting edge expertise in observational data and numerical simulations at the Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo.

Solar magnetism lies at the root of most solar and heliospheric physics. The intricate structure and dynamics of the solar field and its influence on the heliosphere represent major quests of (astro) physics which bear directly on the human environment. The magnetic field is generated by enigmatic dynamo processes in the solar interior, is organized into the complex patterns of activity observed in the solar photosphere, dominates the energetics of the outer solar atmosphere (chromosphere, transition region, corona), regulates the solar wind, and affects the extended heliosphere into the Earth's upper atmosphere. 

We will achieve a coherent picture of these complex physical processes through confronting state-of-the-art 3D numerical models of the entire region from the upper convection zone to the corona with comprehensive observations of the entire solar atmosphere from a powerful suite of new observatories. We will exploit the recent advances in supercomputing and expand our current computational capabilities beyond the state of the art by implementing new research methods such as multi-fluid and particle-based models. 

Understanding the workings of the energetic Sun is an ambitious goal and an important research focus for the international solar physics community. Our proven track record in understanding and integrating simulations and observations into a coherent picture of the quiet solar atmosphere puts the centre in an excellent position to tackle the more complex challenges presented by the energetics of the active Sun and bring the field to a new level.

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