0 projects

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BIOEVO-Evolusjonsbiologi og økologi

Cooperation during brood rearing; an assessment of the effect of kinship

Explaining the evolution and maintenance of reproductive helping and cooperation in wild animals have challenged both theoreticians and empiricist biologists. The theory of kin-selection have successfully explained the highly cooperative societies of euso cial insects, but has also provided insig...

Awarded: NOK 1.6 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2005

Location: Troms - Romsa - Tromssa

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

The Central Clock Dogma Contra Multiple Oscillatory Feedback Loops

Circadian clocks play a central role in the adaptation of organisms to their environments. These clocks are found in eukaryotic single-cell and multicellular organisms and even in certain prokaryotes. A central task of these biological clocks involve the timing of physiological events on a daily...

Awarded: NOK 0.92 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2004

Location: Rogaland

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in clinical and envirionmental settings: prevalence, host diversity, and transfer of blaTEM genes

This study seeks to determine the prevalence, allele diversity, mobility and epidemiology of blaTEM (ampicillin) resistance genes and their hosts in a broad range of clinical and environmental settings. Recent studies suggest that environmental population s of bacteria can be an important reservo...

Awarded: NOK 1.9 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2012

Location: Troms - Romsa - Tromssa

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Archaeal cell cycle regulation

Although the archaeal domain basically possesses a prokaryotic type of cell strueture, the archaebacteria share many molecular features with eukaryotes, in particular the mechanisms for chromosome replication and gene expression. Several homologs of cell. -cycle control (Cdc) proteins, which in e...

Awarded: NOK 1.8 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2008

Location: Vestland

BIOMOL-Molekylær biovitenskap og bioteknologi

An improved method for comparing the 3-D electronic structure of molecules in rational drug design

An effective representation of the electronic structure of molecules must be properly based on quantum mechanics. Thus, we have developed the structure representation using quantum topology (StruQT) method where the electronic structure of molecuLes is re presented as critical points on the elect...

Awarded: NOK 1.7 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2007

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

BIOEVO-Evolusjonsbiologi og økologi

The role of heterozygosity for individual fitness and mating system evolution in birds

It has long been realized that close inbreeding can be detrimental to offspring fitness. Such inbreeding depression is caused by the increased homozygosity at loci that affect fitness. Recently, some exciting studies on birds and mammals have revealed a s imilar effect also in natural outbred pop...

Awarded: NOK 1.0 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2006

Location: Oslo

BIOMOL-Molekylær biovitenskap og bioteknologi

Mucin alginate interactions

It has been shown that synergistic interactions between mucins and alginates can result in enhaneed rkeological properties and gel formation. This behaviour has wide ranging implications both for pharmaceutical uses of alginates and as a complicating fact or in the lungs of...

Awarded: NOK 1.3 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2005

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

BIOEVO-Evolusjonsbiologi og økologi

Environmental change and evolutionary events - a molecular approach using comparative phylogeography among African bovids

Climatic variation may affect evolutionary patterns by altering rates of speciation and extinction through changing availablity of appropriate habitats. In the proposed project, we assess the relationship between environmental change and evolutionary even ts using comparative phylogeography among...

Awarded: NOK 1.3 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2005

Location: Oslo

BIOMOL-Molekylær biovitenskap og bioteknologi

Structural and energetic aspects of protein DNA-recognition

The project aims at using cod Uracil-DNA glycosylase (cUNG) as a model system in the study of DNA recognition and cold activity. The cod UNG possesses typical cold adaptation features such as increased catalytic efficiency and reduced temperatur stability compared to human UNG. The crystal struct...

Awarded: NOK 1.7 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2007

Location: Troms - Romsa - Tromssa

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

Molecular and plant physiological analyses of the micro-gravity effects on multi-generation studies of Arabidopsis thaliana

The project presented has been selected by NASA/ESA to be carried out on the International Space Station in 2004. The project is divided in 3 parts and these consist of both the pre-, in- and post-flight studies. * In Part I using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model plant a multi-generation (seed-t...

Awarded: NOK 0.20 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2004

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

Stress and neurogenesis in rainbow trout

It is currently agreed that new neurons are added to continually growing structures and replace old and dying brain cells in adults of all major vertebrate taxa, a process known as neurogenesis. These structural processes may be highly important for behav iour, mood, and cognition in both animals...

Awarded: NOK 1.4 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2005

Location: Oslo

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

Speciation and species recognition in lichens

Lichens result from a mutualistic symbiosis between a fungus and an alga, and as such they provide unique features. Unique to the lichens are asexual reproductive strategies that involve fungus and alga simultaneously, and in numerous cases sexual reprodu ction is rare or absent. Information is s...

Awarded: NOK 0.40 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2005

Location: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The effect of sheep grazing on alpine plant communities, species and populations: what is the importance of plant life histories?

Grazing is an important factor for plant dynamics, but it has proved difficult to generalise about grazing impact, partly because of a lack of a good mechanistic framework linking the grazing impacts on certain life stages to the dynamics of the populatio ns. A functional classification of specie...

Awarded: NOK 1.8 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2008

Location: Oslo

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

Whole-genome sequencing of Vibrio salmonicida

The genus Vibrio are among the most numerous and ubiquitous marine bacteria and commonly found as etiologic agents of diseases in both vertebrates and invertebrates throughout the world. Vibrio salmonicida, a marine gram-negative psychrophilic pathogen, t he etiological agent of Cold-water vibrio...

Awarded: NOK 0.50 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2004

Location: Troms - Romsa - Tromssa

BIOMOL-Molekylær biovitenskap og bioteknologi

Mutator phenotypes: distribution, population dynamics, and impact on bacterial adaptation and evolution

The goals of the project are to clarify the environmental distribution and importance of bacterial mutator strains and to identify the mechanisms underlying the hyper-recombinogenic phenotype. Knowledge of the distribution, dynamics and selection of mutat or phenotypes is crucial for assessing th...

Awarded: NOK 1.8 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2007

Location: Troms - Romsa - Tromssa

BIOFYS-Fysiologiske og anatomiske fag

Turnover of immune complexes in liver

An important homeostatic liver function is to remove and degrade foreign molecules and cells from blood. This function is mediated by endocytosis-receptors expressed on parenchymal and nonparenchymal liver cells. Three important groups of such receptors a re Fc<.gamma.>-receptors (Fc<.gamma.>R), ...

Awarded: NOK 1.8 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2006

Location: Oslo

BIOFYS-Fysiologiske og anatomiske fag

Standard atlas of the brain of a model insect

We are studying how olfactory and taste information is encoded in receptor and interneurones in the brain of insects and how learning of odours is realised via synapses of neurones connecting different brain compartments. As model organisms are used moths of the subfamily Heliothinae. The methods...

Awarded: NOK 0.75 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2006

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

Elucidation of the role of DEK1 in endosperm development and plant signal transduction

Prosjektet går ut på å forstå de genetiske mekanismene som ligger til grunn for endosperm-utvikling. En har nylig identifisert og karakterisert Dek1-genet fra mais, det første medlem av calpain gen-superfamilien beskrevet hos planter, og som er en av hove dregulatorene i signal-transduksjonssyste...

Awarded: NOK 1.4 mill.

Project Period: 2003-2005

Location: Akershus

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

Local adaptations in cuckoos and their hosts; a metapopulation approach

Coevolutionary dynamics allow revealing ongoing mecroevolutionary dynamics and adaptations. Interactions between obligate avian brood parasites and their hosts are suitable systems for the study of coevolution. Various adaptations and counter-adaptations have previously been described in both pa...

Awarded: NOK 1.7 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2004

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

BIOEVO-Evolusjonsbiologi og økologi

Does access to food patches limit microtine winter survival during the cyclic population decline? An experimental study

Time series analysis has found that small rodent population cycles may be driven by an interaction between food shortage during winters and delayed density dependence caused by predators. The region where small rodents exhibit cyclic dynamics have long la sting thick snow cover that probably faci...

Awarded: NOK 1.8 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2005

Location: Oslo

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

Biofilm formation in Candida albicans

Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen that causes life-threatening, systemic disease in immuno-compromised individuals, such as patients undergoing chemotherapy. Patients with catheters and joint replacements are predisposed to systemic fungal dis ease because C. albicans forms sessile co...

Awarded: NOK 1.0 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2004

Location: Ukjent Fylke

BIOFYS-Fysiologiske og anatomiske fag

Molecular analysis of a neuronal glutamine transporter, SA2, involved in transmitter recycling

Signalformidling mellom nerveceller skjer ved at kjemiske signalstoffer frigjort fra en nervecelle reagerer med spesifikke reseptorer på den andre og stimulerer eller hemmer dens aktivitet. Glutamat and GABA er henholdsvis viktigste stimulerende og hemmen de signalstoff i hjernen. De er oppkonsen...

Awarded: NOK 1.7 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2005

Location: Oslo

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

Mechanisms of species co-existence in patchy habitats

1. An experimental study will be conducted for testing some general mechanisms hypothesized to promote of co-existence of competing species in patchy habitats. As our model system we will use two small rodent species (the field vole and the root vole) wit h well-known population biology. However,...

Awarded: NOK 1.4 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2004

Location: Oslo

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

Population dynamics and stoichiometry of consumer-resource systems: a combined experimental and modelling approach

A recent approach in ecology, ecological stoichiometry, recognises resource quality (nutrient ratios) as a limiting factor in addition to resource quantity. In the proposed project, we will apply this approach to study classical population-ecological prob lems in a new perspective. Theoretical mo...

Awarded: NOK 1.4 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2004

Location: Oslo

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

The effect of climate on seed renegation strategies: Population-scale experimental tests on four Veronica species

Seeds and seedlings are vulnerable stages in the life cycles of plants, and we expect strong fitness consequences of environmental variability on these stages. Climate has a major influence on vegetation, and in species with wide geographical or altitudin al distributions, the factors and process...

Awarded: NOK 1.5 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2004

Location: Vestland

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

The emergence of hierarchcal organisation in artificial life systems - Theoretical and meta-theoretical problems

The main aspiration of the field of Artificial Life is to implement life-like entities in agent-based computer models (ABM). Although relatively successfull in the past, the available models today still do not reflect the rich hierarchical organisation of real organisms (molecules, cell, organs.....

Awarded: NOK 1.5 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2005

Location: Vestland

BIOBIOT-Biologi, bioteknologi, Mat. Nat.

Testing the cost-of-virulence hypothesis: Does a horizontally transmitted parasite have an optimal virulence?

Parasitism is a constant threat to human health, food production and wildlife conservation. Some species, or strains, produce highly lethal diseases while others are benign. Trying to understand the reasons for this variation in virulence is one of the ma jor challenges in epidemiology. In this p...

Awarded: NOK 1.6 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2004

Location: Vestland

BIOEVO-Evolusjonsbiologi og økologi

Sexual signals and life history trade-offs in guppy and sex-role reversed pipefishes

Sexually selected signals can be viewed as life history traits. In the guppy (Poecilia reticulata) and the sex role reversed pipefishe (Syngnathus typhle) sexual signals are well understood, but their relation to life history decisions remain unexplored.T he proposed project will test how life hi...

Awarded: NOK 1.9 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2006

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

BIOEVO-Evolusjonsbiologi og økologi

Behavioural and genetic mechanisms of extrapair fertilization in bluethroats

Most birds are classified as socially monogamous, yet they frequently engage in extrapair copulations. In the bluethroat, females copulate frequently with neighbouring males with the result that around 30% of offspring are sired extrapair. The bluethroat is one of the few bird species in the wor...

Awarded: NOK 1.8 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2007

Location: Oslo

BIOFYS-Fysiologiske og anatomiske fag

Valg av beskyttelsesstrategier mot miljøstress: Betydningen av konkurranse om samme kjemiske ressurser

Organismer er utsatt for ulike typer stress, som ofte virker sammen. Enkelte av organismenes forsvarsmekanismer mot stress er basert på bruk av samme kjemiske ressurs, slik at det kan oppstå en konkurransesituasjon mellom mekanismene. Et eksempel på en sl ik konkurransesituasjon har man i organis...

Awarded: NOK 1.7 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2005

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

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