2021

2020

2019

Portefølje Naturvitenskap og teknologi ikon

The research system

Portefølje Humaniora og samfunnsvitenskap ikon

Ground-breaking research

Portefølje Samisk ikon

Sámi society and culture

Portefølje Demokrati, styring og fornyelse ikon

Democracy and global development

Portefølje Velferd, kultur og samfunn ikon

Welfare, culture and society

Portefølje Helse ikon

Health

Portefølje Klima- og polarforskning ikon

Climate and environment

Portefølje Landbasert mat, miljø og bioressurser ikon

Land-based food, the environment and bioresources

Portefølje Energi, transport og lavutslipp ikon

Energy and transport

Portefølje Muliggjørende teknologier ikon

Enabling technologies

Portefølje Industri og tjenestenæringer ikon

Innovation

LTP Climate, environment and environmentally friendly energy

Climate and loss of natural diversity

Internationalization

Societal security and civil preparedness

Renewal in the public sector

Velferdstjenester

Frontpage Image

Marine icon

Petroleum og mineraler

LTP Hav ikon

Oceans and coastal areas

LTP2 Muliggjørende og industrielle teknologier ikon

Enabling and industrial technologies

Trust and community

Professional environment

High quality and accessibility

LTP Climate

Strengthened competitiveness and innovation capacity

LPT Health

 An innovative business community

LTP3 Helse

Portefolje Petroleum Ikon

Portefølje Hav ikon

Portefølje Utdanning og kompetanse ikon

Portefølje Global utvikling og internasjonale relasjoner ikon

Portefølje Livsvitenskap ikon

LTP2 Styrket konkurransekraft og innovasjonsevne ikon

LTP2 Utvikle fagmiljøer av fremragende kvalitet

LTP2 Samfunnssikkerhet og samhørighet ikon

LTP2 Fornyelse i offentlig sektor ikon

LTP2 Klima, miljø og miljøvennlig energi ikon

Forsidebilde optimalisert

project-bank-technical

Et innovativt næringsliv ikon

Muliggjørende teknologier bakgrunn

Marin bakgrunnsbilde

Marin ikon

Forsidebilde

Statistics

Prosjektbanken presenterer statistikk og informasjon om prosjekter med finansiering fra Forskningsrådet fra 2004. Statistikken er fordelt på blant annet tema, år, geografi og organisasjon. Prosjektbanken gir også detaljert informasjon om de enkelte prosjektene.

...or see the summary and other information about the projects you have selected

Portfolios

En god beskrivelse av denne siden for søkemotoroptimalisering

Forside

How the grants are distributed between organisations, counties, subject areas etc....

Here are some examples of searches you can perform in the Project Databank

All long term plan objectives

About Text Queries

No thematic area or topic related to the project

has received funding in the programme period

No popular science description is available

have received funding in the programme period

The project with project number {{project number}} was not found

Technical description

Woops, something went wrong. Please refresh the page. If the error persists, please contact us.

We could not find what you were looking for

See statistics related to this LTP objective

See projects related to this LTP objective

related to this LTP objective have received grants

has been granted to projects related to this LTP objective

has been granted to projects related to this portfolio

related to this portfolio have received grants

About Prosjektbanken

2022

2023

2024

Kunnskapsdepartement

Medisin og helsefag

Oslo

LTP3 Høy kvalitet og tilgjengelighet

LTP3 Fagmiljøer og talenter

UoH-sektor

Portefølje Banebrytende forskning

Portefølje Forskningssystemet

Portefølje Helse

Frittstående prosjekter

Forskerprosjekt

Politikk- og forvaltningsområder

FNs Bærekraftsmål

Kjønnsperspektiver i forskning

Grunnforskning

Helse

Forvaltning av økosystemer i en stadig mer variabel verden

Midlene fra KLIMAFORSK-Stort program klima fordelt på år

Midlene fra KLIMAFORSK-Stort program klima fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra KLIMAFORSK-Stort program klima fordelt på fagområde

Associate professor

Global climate change is leading to a more variable and unpredictable environment in many places. The project ECOVAR investigates how this important aspect of climate change will affect individuals, populations and ecosystems. Previous studies have indicated that both positive and negative responses to variability are possible, but the underlying mechanisms involved are still poorly understood for most species. The main goal of ECOVAR is to advance our understanding of effects of variability through a combination of theoretical modeling, comparative analyses, and a detailed experimental study. 

The laboratory experiment was conducted with the water flea species Daphnia magna. Water fleas play a key role in freshwater ecosystems, as filter feeders and as food source for other organisms. The experiment was done with individuals from four clonal lines, at eight treatments; six constant temperatures, and two variable temperatures (daily fluctuations around a cold and warm mean). Fundamental life history responses were recorded for each individual: growth rate, age at maturity, moulting rate (development), survival, and reproduction (number and size of offspring per clutch). Thermal variability affected all responses, with overall positive effects at cold temperatures, and negative at warm temperatures. These effects were also more positive overall than predicted from non-linear averaging of responses at constant temperatures, reflecting that this organism is well adapted to variable conditions. The data on individual performance will be incorporated in structured population models, which will be used to compare the mean fitness in the variable and constant environment, and identify the key demographic parameters mediating the difference. 

The project also contributed theoretical development to improve our understanding of the long-term persistence of species in variable environments, and different evolutionary adaptations depending on life history. Previous studies are largely based on models without an explicit link between demographic parameters and climatic drivers (e.g. temperature), implicitly assuming linear relationships which leads to predicted effects of variance on persistence always being negative. However, non-linear relationships can alter this conclusion, and positive responses may be possible when some vital parameters show a convex relationship with the climate variable.  A key challenge with structured populations (where individuals have different age or stage) is to assess the overall effect of nonlinearity in different demographic rates across the life history. We developed a new index for the total curvature in a life history, which predicts an important part of species responses to variability. 

This theoretical result provides the foundation for a large comparative analysis which constitutes another main part of the project. Here, the goal is to identify how different adaptations to variable environment vary across the fast-slow continuum of life histories. Using simulations and analyses of stochastic structured models developed for animal species in the database COMADRE we investigated responses of the long-term population growth to climate variability. We used multiple filtering criteria to ensure high quality comparisons and selected 81 populations from the database (2 amphibians, 20 birds, 2 bony fish, 39 mammals and 18 reptiles). The scenarios considered how age-specific parameters are affected by the focal climate driver (types and degree of curvature), and different kinds of covariance between survival and reproduction. The results show that short-lived species show the strongest potential for population growth responses to variability, whether the effect is positive or negative. The direction of the effect depends on the total curvature of vital rate responses and their covariance; positive effects of variability are mostly found for short-lived species with a positive total curvature, and with negative covariance between survival and reproduction. 

The ECOVAR project has contributed new methods required to study effects of climate change in structured populations. One study highlights the use of hazard rates to model effects of environmental drivers on e.g. survival. In another, we provide methods for sensitivity analyses of stochastic matrix models, relevant to study effects of climate variability. Demographic models from the project have also been applied to study fitness consequences of climate change and variation in other study systems, including cod, pike, and springtails. Better knowledge of these mechanisms is also essential to improve conservation and management strategies.

Global climate change is altering not only long-term average conditions, but also the short-term variability of environmental drivers such as temperature and precipitation. We know that climate change will affect populations and ecosystems, but ecological research has so far mainly focused on changes in means. Knowledge of the effects of changing variability is much more limited, including potential interactions with changes in the mean. Understanding how environmental variability affects rates of population growth is of fundamental importance to ecological and evolutionary processes like changes in abundance, trait distributions, species composition and interactions, and is also essential to develop management strategies advocated to deal with climate change. Theory predicts that both positive and negative effects of increased variability on long-term population growth are possible, but the underlying mechanisms to such responses are still poorly understood for most species. This project will advance our understanding of biological responses to climate variability, through a synergistic combination of approaches of theoretical modeling, comparative empirical analyses, and a detailed experimental study. In order to identify key ecological, geographical, and life history characteristics that can predict population responses to changes in climate variability, we will analyse a database of demographic population models on plants and animals (COMPADRE / COMADRE).  The experimental study will provide detailed insights into underlying vital rate responses to changing variability, for a case where a mean/variance interaction is expected. Finally, to assess ecosystem consequences of changing variability together with other stressors such as harvesting, we will develop and analyze stochastic food web models, informed by the results of the project. Knowledge generated by this project may alter current conclusions as well as management strategies.

Managing ecosystems in an increasingly variable world

Kreft, inkludert brystkreft, utvikler seg gjennom et komplekst sett med hendelser, inkludert DNA-mutasjoner og endringer i måten immunforsvaret bekjemper kreft. Immunsystemet spiller en viktig rolle i å beskytte oss mot kreft, men disse beskyttelsesmekanismene går tapt når svulster dannes. Å målrette immunforsvaret ved å øke immuncellenes evne til å gjenkjenne og drepe tumorceller, i en tilnærming kjent som immunterapi, har ført til enestående klinisk fordel for mange pasienter. Imidlertid reagerer ikke alle pasienter, og de som gjør det, får tilbakefall. Derfor er det behov for å finne nye terapeutiske mål for å forbedre denne behandlingen. Aryl-hydrokarbonreseptoren (AHR) er et protein som lar tumorceller “gjemme seg” fra immunforsvaret slik at de kan vokse og spre seg. I dette forskningsprosjektet vil vi avgjøre om blokkering eller tap av AHR, alene eller i kombinasjon med dagens immunterapibehandlinger, reduserer vekst og progresjon av brystkreft. Prosjektet vårt har tre arbeidspakker (AP). I AP1 vil vi bestemme hvordan blokkering eller tap av AHR påvirker vekst av brystkreftceller. I AP2 vil vi studere hvordan blokkering eller tap av AHR-signalering påvirker interaksjoner mellom brystkreftceller og immunceller. Til slutt, i AP3, vil vi bestemme hvordan blokkering eller tap av AHR alene eller i kombinasjon med eksisterende immunterapibehandlinger reduserer brystsvulstvekst og dannelse av kreftmodeller fra gnagere. Samlet sett vil denne applikasjonen fastslå egnetheten av å målrette AHR alene, eller som en del av kombinasjonsterapi, for å behandle brystkreft, noe som kan føre til nye terapeutiske alternativer for pasienter som lider av denne sykdommen.

Cancers, including triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), initiate and develop through a complex sequence of biological events, including DNA mutations and changes in the immune system. The immune system plays an important role in protecting us from cancer, but these protective mechanisms are lost or altered when tumors are formed. Targeting the immune system in an approach known as cancer immunotherapy, has led to unprecedented clinical benefit to many patients; but unfortunately, not all patients respond, and those that do, experience relapse. Therefore, there is urgent need to find new therapies to improve this treatment. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a signaling protein that when turned on causes tumor cells to grow and proliferate, but also allows them to “hide” from immune system. In the current proposal we will test the hypothesis that inhibition or loss of AHR, alone or in combination with cancer immunotherapy, reduces TNBC growth and progression. We will test this hypothesis in three work packages (WP). In WP1 we will determine how loss or inhibition of AHR influences TNBC cell growth. In WP2 we will study how inhibition of AHR signaling affects interactions between TNBC cells and tumor associated immune cells. Finally, in WP3, we will determine how loss or inhibition of AHR alone or in combination with cancer immunotherapy reduces TNBC tumors in preclinical mouse models of cancer. Overall, this application will establish the suitability of targeting AHR alone, or as part of combination therapy, to treat TNBC; a disease with few current treatment options.

Targeting Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor for Breast Cancer Treatment and Improved Immunotherapy

0 projects

FRIPRO-Fri prosjektstøtte

Targeting Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor for Breast Cancer Treatment and Improved Immunotherapy

Awarded: NOK 12.0 mill.

Project Period: 2021-2025

Location: Oslo