2024

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Prosjektbanken presenterer statistikk og informasjon om prosjekter med finansiering fra Forskningsrådet fra 2004. Statistikken er fordelt på blant annet tema, år, geografi og organisasjon. Prosjektbanken gir også detaljert informasjon om de enkelte prosjektene.

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Co-benefits and synergies between biodiversity conservation, poverty alleviation and climate change mitigation from a social-ecological systems perspective

CoBioPovCli addresses the question of how to conserve biodiversity, alleviate poverty, and mitigate climate change simultaneously, which are interrelated challenges that threaten human and environmental well-being. The importance of this topic is highlighted by the current context of the global COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war, which have exacerbated these problems and their impacts on human and environmental well-being. The main gaps in this topic are: (1) lack of comprehensive data, especially on the dynamics of socio-ecological systems, (2) lack of integrated knowledge, and (3) lack of holistic approaches that consider co-benefits and synergies. CoBioPovCli aims to overcome the limitations and gaps in the current state-of-the-art by developing an integrated spatial planning approach that can achieve win-win synergies between biodiversity conservation, poverty alleviation, and climate change mitigation from a social-ecological systems perspective.  CoBioPovCli will use literature, models remote sensing data, and other data sources to construct and apply the spatial planning approach, based on case studies, spatial analysis and scenario simulation. CoBioPovCli will generate new knowledge, data and solutions that are conceptually novel, scientifically rigorous and policy-relevant. It will enhance our understanding of the multiple values of biodiversity and its contributions to human well-being under changing climatic conditions. It will provide evidence-based recommendations and best practices for promoting more integrated and sustainable approaches that benefit both people and the planet. CoBioPovCli will also enhance Europe’s scientific and technical capacity and excellence in the field of co-benefits and synergies between biodiversity conservation, poverty alleviation, and climate change mitigation, as well as contribute to Europe’s global leadership and influence in addressing these interlinked challenges.

Potential nUtrient release from deglaciating Land Surfaces to downstream Ecosystems (PULSE)

Glacier retreat is escalating in response to amplified Arctic warming. This exposes large areas of new glacier forefield to seasonal freeze-thaw, wetting-drying cycles and variable oxygen conditions. These physical changes dramatically alter biogeochemical cycling in previously glaciated sediments, facilitating soil and vegetation development in the 21st century. Arctic streams are well-known suppliers of the key nutrient nitrogen (N) to N-limited fjords and coasts, which host lucrative fisheries. However, the influence of glacial retreat and associated soil development on N release to streams, thus fjords and coasts, is a complete unknown. The PULSE project aims to quantify the impact of Arctic glacier forefield exposure on soil N cycling and export to coastal marine environments, and how they are influenced by time since deglaciation, local geology and freeze-thaw cycling. In PULSE, I will measure N release from a field scale chronosequence in a Sub-Arctic glaciated catchment and quantify the forefield soil N contribution to river N runoff. I further use a “space for time” approach to simulate future climate conditions for High Arctic forefield sediments, thus predicting future High Arctic forefield N release. This highly interdisciplinary project combines my background in soil biogeochemistry with glacier hydrochemistry at the Arctic University of Tromsø (UiT). UiT is the ideal host for me to gain new analytical chemistry and modelling skills in order to establish how future glacier retreat will shift sources of riverine N transport to downstream fjords and coasts. A secondment to the Norwegian Polar Institute will additionally expand my scientific expertise and network to include marine monitoring stakeholders directly using my results. PULSE will, therefore, provide a high-impact, first quantification of future potential proglacial soil N leaching across Sub-Arctic to High Arctic climates, which will inform future ecosystem management policies in the Arctic.

Building the nExT generaTion of marine Eco-friendly wind faRm

The demands on marine space in the EU and worldwide waters have never been greater, driven by the need to provide energy security, develop essential renewable energy infrastructure, create social and economic value and ensure the restoration and future resilience of marine biodiversity and ecosystem services. Whilst Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) play a key role in combatting climate change, they are not only vulnerable to climate change-induced hazards but also impact marine biodiversity. Focusing solely on engineering aspects to optimise risks and reliabilities in the design of OWFs without addressing the impact on marine biodiversity is sufficient for meeting the requirements of resilient and sustainable development in future OWFs. Therefore, an urgent shift is necessary from the conventional engineering-oriented design approach and mindset to a more comprehensive approach that integrates both engineering aspects and environmental considerations. BETTER assembles a diverse, multidisciplinary team to train a new generation of Doctoral Candidates (DCs) capable of addressing ambitious scientific objectives. The training environment is highly integrated, cross-disciplinary, and intersectoral, enriched through secondments with non-academic partners. This collaborative approach advocates for a paradigm shift in OWF design, promoting a comprehensive strategy that integrates engineering with deep considerations for environmental impacts. BETTER emphasises critical learning, fostering solutions for climate-resilient OWF construction and sustainable marine development. By providing a collaborative, cross-disciplinary training environment, BETTER equips the 15 DCs with the skills, knowledge, and perspectives to navigate the intersection of engineering, environmental sustainability, and marine biodiversity. In doing so, BETTER addresses immediate challenges and lays a foundation for a sustainable and resilient future for offshore wind energy and marine ecosystems.

Developing climate-resilient and eco-sustainable railway earthwork by mitigating geohazards while balancing biodiversity

The resilient and sustainable development of railway networks is fundamental for economic and social progress, especially under the current climate. To achieve this, we must embrace new innovative solutions while replicating best practices that benefit nature. Alongside increasing the infrastructure resilience and safety, we need transformative changes in railway earthwork asset development that go beyond prioritising decarbonisation and digitalisation and seek to restore nature, safeguard biodiversity and produce positive outcomes for human societies. Leveraging cutting-edge technologies like AI, earth observation, statistical analysis, advanced numerical modelling, laboratory tests and sensor technologies, RESOLVE seeks to integrate conventional engineering practices with life sciences, empowered by data science. Furthermore, RESOLVE will pioneer synergistic solutions that tackle climate change adaptation in railway earthwork assets while creating opportunities for nature restoration. This attempt involves developing nature-based solutions (NBS) and environmentally friendly construction materials, with the additional aim of fostering biodiversity restoration beyond ground reinforcement. Highly skilled researchers and practitioners, capable of dealing with such problems are scarce and in high demand by academia and industry. Thus, formed with 11 world leading research organisations and 3 companies across Europe and internationally with expertise and facilities in these areas, RESOLVE aims to ensure comprehensive, robust and implementable solutions are obtained for railway network climate resilience built and eco-sustainable development. The network is carefully designed to enables research and innovative staff exchange across all aspects. RESOLVE secondees will enjoy a highly integrated, interdisciplinary and intersectoral staff exchange, sharing know-how and skills development environment through the planned secondments, networkwide events and local trainings.

Assessing Human Health Impacts of Maritime Air Pollution

While local air pollutants are well-known to have detrimental impacts on human health, we lack a complete understanding of the economic costs imposed by the negative health effects from exposure to maritime air pollution. In addition, because health effects are uncertain and likely to be heterogeneous due to the non-uniform population distribution and location of ships, it is difficult to design efficient policies to mitigate maritime emissions.  Nevertheless, the transition to a net-zero emissions economy will require the implementation of policies to curb emissions in the maritime sector.  By combining detailed Norwegian administrative data with highly granular geo-referenced data on shipping routes and air pollution, MARHEALTH aims to quantify the health effects of maritime air pollution and to assess the effectiveness of pollution mitigation policies in the shipping sector. These objectives will be addressed through three specific subgoals: 1) Generate high-quality data sets by combining administrative health and socio-economic data on individuals with highly granular geo-referenced data on shipping routes of all container and passenger vessels and satellite- and ground-based environmental data on air quality and weather. Further, I will collect and merge information on the transition from fossil fuel-operated to electrified passenger ships.  2) Empirical analysis of the health impacts of maritime air pollution by estimating causal impacts of pollution from ports. Linked data on health outcomes with socioeconomic characteristics of individuals allows me to uncover socio-demographic disparities in the health effects of exposed individuals. 3) Empirical quantification of the benefits of green transition policies in the maritime sector by merging the environmental and individual-level data with information on shipping routes of electrified vessels to econometrically recover causal estimates.

Network for Cross-disciplinary assessment of Endocrine Disrupting compounds: training the next generation of toxicologists

The EU has flagged endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which interfere with normal hormonal function leading to adverse health effects, of particular concern. Within different EU regulatory programmes the assessment of EDCs has recently changed significantly and continues to evolve rapidly. Advances in test methods for assessment of EDCs are needed to meet these changing regulatory requirements, and a new generation of toxicologists must be trained to support the implementation of the most advanced approaches. NeXED will address three critical challenges in this area. First, human and environmental EDC assessment have historically been separate disciplines while there is an increasing need to use data across species in a One Health approach. Second, EDC assessment currently addresses single compounds while in an environmentally realistic scenario organisms are faced with complex mixtures of EDCs. Third, new test methods for EDC assessment are needed, covering less well-characterised mechanisms and effects. NeXED aims to facilitate a paradigm shift in EDC assessment by training a new generation of cross-disciplinary toxicologists specialised in using harmonised approaches in a One Health framework. NeXED will train its 15 doctoral candidates through research, secondments and training events using an interdisciplinary and intersectoral training programme. NeXED brings together 9 Beneficiaries and 11 Associated Partners from 10 countries, building upon long-standing collaborations through existing projects including the Horizon 2020 EURION projects and the Horizon Europe Partnership on the Assessment of Risk from Chemicals (PARC). The consortium includes leading researchers from institutions with excellent doctoral training programmes who are all experts in ED assessment, as well as industry partners, regulatory agencies, SMEs and consultancy firms. With its complementary expertise the consortium is ideally placed to train the NeXED generation of toxicologists.

Building decentralIsed, DistributEd And Local micro-GRids for dEcarbonisation Electrification challeNge

The IDEAL4GREEN project addresses the urgent challenges of climate change and the global shift towards sustainable energy systems. It focuses on developing and integrating microgrids, which are crucial in managing the variability of renewable resources and achieving decarbonisation targets. The project aligns with the EC's commitment to carbon neutrality by 2050 by empowering energy communities and optimising local supply and demand. The project proposes a comprehensive doctoral training network aimed at developing skilled engineers with interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral expertise. This network diverges from conventional university-based research, maintaining strong industry links and emphasising practical implementation. IDEAL4GREEN consists of 8 beneficiaries and 11 partner organisations, recruiting 15 doctoral candidates to undertake research on microgrids' planning, design, operation, control, and impact assessment. The research encompasses innovative frameworks and methodologies for integrating microgrids and transforming traditional grids into sustainable energy systems. This includes developing advanced control algorithms, cybersecurity, improving mechanisms for microgrid islanding and reconnection, and enhancing the resilience and reliability of interconnected microgrid systems. The project also explores the planning, policy, and economic feasibility of interconnected grids and microgrids. It emphasises creating complete and integrated microgrid design frameworks, utilising integrated energy system modelling, and investigating regulatory policies. In terms of training, the DCs will engage in a mix of academic and industrial experiences, including secondments and networking meetings, ensuring their exposure to both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. The training program covers various aspects, such as advanced technical skills, collaborative communication, critical thinking, problem-solving, and adaptability.  

GAIA COFUND will bring climate research-based knowledge – climate mitigation and adaption – into help solving real world problems and challenges. By connecting science with society in a practical manner, targeting research through a transdisciplinary approach involving industrial partners, we will pave the way for a climate academic career paths into industry. An eligible applicant will carry out a research project that will enable them to become future leaders, either in academia or in industry. The main objective of GAIA is to fund 15 two-year postdoc fellowships to excellent and promising young scientists from all over the World, with a strong emphasis on secondment in industry. GAIA will establish a postdoctoral training program that combine excellent and responsible research, open science, innovation, and climate change challenges, thus laying the foundation for the next generation of researchers rooted in climate science with a global outlook and an end-user perspective. With 24 partners, GAIA will offer access to an extensive academic and non-academic network Europe wide. The program will enable University of Southern Denmark (SDU) to elevate its strong position in climate research with world leading research groups, broaden the scope and sustainability of emerging research areas, and facilitate a vibrant and even more attractive research environment, combined with an outreach to local and international industrial partners looking for science-based solutions. SDU has 27,000 students and 3,800 employees with 24 departments within the faculties of the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, health sciences, and engineering. SDU is ranked among the top universities in Denmark. GAIA will be part of the SDU Climate Cluster (SCC) established in 2022 with a budget of 15 M€, to create a versatile platform for groundbreaking, excellent, and interdisciplinary research within climate mitigation and adaption.

GAIA COFUND

Contentious Politics and Democratic Renewal in Sustainability Transitions

Trans4Demo is an evidence-based and impact-driven set of actions to address contentious politics arising from climate change and sustainable transitions. These conflicts are seen as a critical challenge for democratic systems, and their importance is expected to grow in the future. Authoritarian tendencies and right-wing populism have weakened social cohesion, making large parts of EU populations less willing to change their practices and hindering responses to climate challenges.  The main objective of the project is to investigate the role and evolution of diverse forms of opposition and contentious politics of sustainability transitions, and their impact on democracy. We aim at delivering the temporality-sensitive conceptual framework, practical understandings, and policy recommendations to assist in democracy reinvigoration. By exploring these intersections, we identify specific scientific, consensus-based, and politically normative goals that political communities in diverse European contexts could pursue. Empirically, throughout the project, we will (1) focus on practical understandings of the role of various bottom-up mobilizations against the populist backdrop, (2) identify novel sites of constructive democratic engagement, and (3) address the role of trust in the democratic process, including the validity of electoral processes. Building on this, (4) we will provide sound, research-based policy recommendations that balance bottom-up and top-down perspectives for democratic renewal.  To achieve these targets, we will employ triangulated and participatory methodologies, including case studies and future-oriented methods, developed in collaboration with societal actors involved in the project—from the initial design of the research agenda to fieldwork and dissemination activities.

Engaging citizens as agents of change for sustainable food system transition with a novel gamified educational citizen science platform

Developing a fair, healthy, and environmentally friendly food system represents a key priority of the European Green Deal. This is expressed in particular through the ‘Farm to Fork Strategy’, which recognises the need to empower consumers to make informed, healthy and sustainable food choices and to reduce food loss and food waste. FOODMISSION aims therefore to use multi-actor and inclusive Transformation Labs and blend citizen science, learning and gamification approaches to understand citizens’ food practices for initiating behavioural changes, and ultimately engage and motivate to accelerate the uptake of more sustainable food behaviour. The project objectives are the following: (1) Setting up Transformation Labs that will support the project through all its phases from co-design to uptake, (2) Design of a comprehensive citizen science data framework, collecting and processing citizen-generated data on their food practices and development of a technical data infrastructure and data visualisation tools to support data sharing and analysis, (3) Design of a citizen motivation and engagement framework for empowering individual and collective change, (4) Co-development of a gamified educational virtual platform prototype and its content and activities, (5) Piloting and evaluation of the gamified educational virtual platform in 6 European countries, (6) Promotion of FOODMISSION’s key exploitable results and their impact to engage citizens for fair, inclusive, healthy, and sustainable food system in Europe and uptake of the outputs beyond the project and consortium. FOODMISSION will further contribute to the Food 2030 pathways for action. The interdisciplinary consortium is composed of 10 members based in 8 European countries, bringing together universities, innovative companies and various stakeholder organisations representing consumers, food retailers and food enterprises, and covering diverse socio-economic and demographic contexts.

Forutsi omsorgsbehovene til eldre voksne i helsesystemet gjennom KI-basert analyse av pasientovervåkningsdata.

Midlene fra HELSEVEL-Gode og effektive helse-, omsorgs- og velferdstjenester fordelt på år

Midlene fra HELSEVEL-Gode og effektive helse-, omsorgs- og velferdstjenester fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra HELSEVEL-Gode og effektive helse-, omsorgs- og velferdstjenester fordelt på fagområde

Professor

As more people are living longer, we need more healthcare services, especially for urgent health problems. This puts a lot of pressure on our healthcare system, which includes care at home, nursing homes, local clinics, and hospitals. To make sure we can take care of everyone in the future, we need to find ways to help older people stay healthy and avoid needing a lot of care.
The PAI project is working on this problem. The project uses artificial intelligence (AI) to predict what kind of care older people might need by looking at health data. By spotting health problems early, we can take steps to prevent them from getting worse. This could mean preventing falls in nursing homes or changing a person’s medication at their local clinic. This helps to avoid hospital stays, which can be expensive and stressful.
However, predicting healthcare needs is tricky because the data we have can vary a lot. It can be different depending on where the person lives and what kind of health problems they have. To tackle this, the PAI project is working with people who receive care and healthcare workers to develop AI tools. These tools are tested in real-life situations in Spain, Sweden, and Norway.
The project uses a mix of methods to collect and analyze data. This includes both numbers (quantitative data) and people’s experiences and opinions (qualitative data). The goal is to help older people by giving them the right care at the right time, preventing injuries and illnesses from getting worse. It also helps healthcare workers by making sure resources are used effectively and creating a good working environment. The solutions they find can be used in many different places.

As the population ages, the demand for healthcare services increases, including acute care. This puts a strain on healthcare resources, making efficient care management crucial at all levels - home, nursing homes, primary care, and hospitals.
The PAI project aims to address this challenge by using artificial intelligence (AI) to predict the care needs of older individuals. By analyzing patient monitoring data, the project can detect early signs of health or functional decline. This allows for preventive measures to be taken, reducing the need for costly acute care and aftercare. For example, hospitalizations can be prevented by avoiding falls in nursing homes or adjusting medication in primary care.
However, predicting the care needs of older patients is not straightforward. It involves dealing with varying data availability, quality, and potential interventions across different care levels and diagnoses. To tackle this, the PAI project uses a design science approach and a multiple case study design. It develops analytics in collaboration with care recipients and healthcare practitioners and implements them in real-life settings in Spain, Sweden, and Norway.
The project uses a mixed-methods strategy for data collection and analysis, combining quantitative and qualitative elements. This includes the thematic interpretative analysis of meeting notes, interviews, and observations, as well as the statistical longitudinal trend analysis of Key Performance Indicators in the respective healthcare systems.
The benefits of the PAI project are twofold. Older individuals receive adequate early care, preventing injuries and the worsening of diseases. Healthcare staff can use their resources more effectively, creating a sustainable and satisfying work environment. The outcomes of the project are scalable and can be applied in various contexts, making it a valuable contribution to the future of European healthcare.

Predicting Care Needs of Older Adults in the Healthcare System through AI-enabled Analysis of Patient-Monitoring Data

The term "hunger gap" (no: “vårknipa”) traditionally used in agricultural communities, refers to the period at the end of winter when winter provisions are depleting, yet the growing season has not yet started. In contemporary usage, the term also describes the food situation for wild animals, which may encounter challenging conditions at the end of winter. This situation is particularly pronounced in the Arctic, where the Svalbard reindeer is awaiting new plant growth after an eight-month-long winter. The limited winter food supply has prompted various morphological, physiological, and behavioral adaptations to conserve energy, crucial for overcoming the "hunger gap". The aim of my thesis is to investigate annual and individual variation in what ends the “hunger gap” for reindeer. I will utilize a dataset of activity and heart rate monitoring of ca 50 GPS-marked female Svalbard reindeer. In these data there is a very rapid increase in activity and heart rate from a “winter mode” to “summer mode”, a signal I define as the end of the “hunger gap”. I hypothesize a relatively large annual variation in the date of this switch, cause by annual variation in snow melt, spring temperatures and plant growth. On the individual level I will investigate the effect of body condition, age and reproductive status on the date of the “end of hunger gap” signal. I will be provided with activity and heart rate data from my supervisor, and will myself collect the required data on ground spring temperatures and calf at heel status together with a field assistant in august 2024.

0 antall prosjekter

SSF-Svalbard Science Forum

From winter time to summer time – what ends the "hunger gap" for Svalbard reindeer?

Tildelt: kr 58 999

Prosjektperiode: 2024-2025

Sted: Akershus