0 antall prosjekter

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Role of stromal cells in normal and pathological tissue homeostasis

The focus of this application is to study how the extracellular matrix can influence transcapillary transport of water and protein. The aim of this specific project is to develop an in vitro model system of loose connective tissue which can work in close parallel to our in vivo experiments. The u...

Tildelt: kr 2,3 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Olfactory pathways connecting defined glomeruli of the macroglomerular complex to higher integration centres in the heliothine moth brain

The olfactory coding mechanism responsible for reproductive behaviour have been thoroughly investigated in heliothine moths. This sub-family is particularly fascinating since the individuals communicate both within and across the species. Thus, the males possess receptor neurons detecting pheromo...

Tildelt: kr 2,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Potential clinical relevance of radiation-induced signaling pathways

Radiation therapy is a commonly used treatment modality for cancer. Although in the past decades radiation therapy has shown to be a very successful treatment form, it still can be improved. One problem is that some tumors are particularly resistant to th e cytotoxic effects of radiation and resp...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2013

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Oil induced autoimmune arthritis

We here present evidence that a novel class of genes encoding regulatory leukocytereceptors may be of clinical importance in autoimmune diseases elicited by environmental exposure to immunoadjuvants, in particular mineral oils. The evidence is based on th e structural identification of the rat Oi...

Tildelt: kr 3,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Global expression of defence-related genes in Populus and transfer of knowledge to Norway spruce

Due to the great economic losses caused by the root and butt-rot pathogen Heterobasidion annosum, developments of efficient control measures are warranted. Considerable clonal variation has been recorded for Norway spruce in resistance towards H. annosum, but the defence mechanisms contributing ...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2011

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Interactions between brood parasites and their hosts in a heterogeneous landscape

Brood parasites and their hosts represent particularly suitable systems for studying the process of coevolution. A number of adaptations and counter-adaptations in hosts and parasites have previously been revealed, but few studies have considered dynamics between and within several host-parasite...

Tildelt: kr 3,3 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

The role of mismatch repair proteins in origin sequestration

We have shown that DNA replication is tightly coupled to cell growth in wild type E. coli cells. Initiation of replication occurs precisely at the same point in the cell cycle, generation after generation. The molecular mechanisms behind the precise timin g of initiation of replication are not ye...

Tildelt: kr 2,9 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2014

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Modeling human disease in mice;DNA repair and genomic (in)stability.

Our research is currently focused on two classes of enzymes involved in repair, and possible regulation, of DNA and RNA species; flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) and mammalian alkB homologs (ABHs). Genetic models are generated in order to elucidate the contribu tion of single gene deletions in genomic ...

Tildelt: kr 3,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2011

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

The life history trade-off between immune function and brain development

As immunity has been proven to be costly in energetic terms, these investments are likely to conflict with other, important and energy-demanding fitness traits. Several studies have addressed trade-offs between the immune-system and other factors, like gr owth, development or reproductive investm...

Tildelt: kr 4,0 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2012

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The early stages of adaptive divergence: the speed of evolution

In this proposed project we will study processes during the early phase of adaptive divergence. Lesjaskogsvatnet was colonized by grayling Thymallus thymallus in 1880 and during 120 years more than 20 demes have been established. Owing to profound tempera ture differences among tributaries, we ex...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2009

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Applying advanced computational and experimental tools to explore surface electrostatics in chitinases

Understanding how proteins work is a major challenge in the post-genome era. Traditionally proteins have been studied by the use of numerous biochemical techniques, but as the number of proteins that needs to be characterized has increased, so has the num ber of in computo techniques to study pro...

Tildelt: kr 2,9 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2012

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Astrocytes - guardians of neuroprotection

Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the human cerebral cortex but the focus on these cell types have been far neglected. In the later years it has become apparent that they play important roles in the homeostasis of the brain and evidence now al so suggests that they are essential compo...

Tildelt: kr 2,2 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

EGF-induced Formation of Clathrin Coated Pits

Growth factor receptors control cellular growth and differentiation by transmitting signals from outside the cell to the cell interior, particularly the nucleus. Signal transmission can be modulated in several ways. To control signalling, down-regulation of receptors from the cell surface is impo...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2011

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Characterization of Novel Insulin Regulated Pathways in Fat Synthesis in Liver and Adipose Tissue

Diets rich in lipids and carbohydrates together with a lack of physical exercise predispose individuals to multifunctional diseases such as atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes type 2. Fat metabolism and glucose homeos tasis are inherently related, and insulin...

Tildelt: kr 2,2 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

The ecological and evolutionary significance of seed banks in Arabidopsis thaliana

Many studies of the genetic structuring of annual, selfing Arabidopsis thaliana populations on various geographical scales have been performed in recent years. Some studies conclude that local populations may contain relatively high amounts of genetic var iability both in phenotypic traits and pu...

Tildelt: kr 2,5 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2012

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Fe-S Cluster Biogenesis in Plastids and Mitochondria in Plants

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are essential, inorganic cofactors of Fe-S proteins involved in numerous vital developmental processes. Although simple in structure Fe-S clusters are not formed spontaneously but require an intricate interplay of a number of p roteins and in plants Fe-S cluster biogen...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Dynamics underlying astrocyte behaviour

For a long time astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell species, have been considered passive bystanders of neural activity. The picture that is now emerging is that astrocytes are critically involved in regulating brain function. Despite extensive exper imental efforts, a thorough understanding...

Tildelt: kr 2,6 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2009

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

A novel signal transduction pathway regulating cell separation processes in plants - the IDA/IDL network and their predicted partners.

Signaling mediated by small peptides is important in cell-to-cell communication. Few peptide ligands involved in cell signaling are known from plants and even less is known about the peptide-ligand-receptor pairs. A group of small putative peptide-ligands have recently been characterized by the ...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2011

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Elucidation of downstream signaling events of cAMP using new tools distinguishing the roles of EPAC and PKA

The present project will receive Epac and PKA modulating cAMP analogs. I. We will test selected new analogs in a newly developed and unique assay for binding to PKA holoenzyme II. The best activators (current or novel) will be used, separately and jointl y, to define effect of Epac and PKA activ...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2011

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Study of cellular distribution and biological functions of neonatal Fc receptor in immune cells

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the major class of immunoglobulins and the protein with the longest serum half-life. IgG is also actively transferred to the fetus, giving the full-term fetus IgG levels over maternal levels and protective immunity. The MHC class I related neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is...

Tildelt: kr 2,3 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2009

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Quantification and Characterization of Microbial Communities in Air.

There is a serious lack of knowledge concerning the presence, activity and dispersal of airborne microorganisms. Most studies describing the prevalence of airborne microorganisms have only applied traditional microbiological methods and evaluated the occu rrence of culturable bacteria, which is k...

Tildelt: kr 2,6 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2009

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Mechanism of cargo selectivity in axonal transport Isolation and characterization of kinesin light chain associated vesicles

The aim of this project is to gain knowledge about how the motor protein kinesin-I interacts with its vesicle cargo, and what the nature is of the vesicles that are transported by kinesin-I through neurons. The role of neuronal transport in neurodegenerat ive diseases such as Alzheimer's disease,...

Tildelt: kr 2,7 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2011

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Dynamics of synaptic transmission in the rod pathway of the retina

A considerable challenge in neuroscientific research is to explain processes at the systems level in terms of mechanisms at cellular and molecular levels. The retina serves as an ideal model system amenable to experimental approaches that directly aim to bridge this gap. With respect to the senso...

Tildelt: kr 3,0 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Does ovarian fluid favour MHC-dissimilar sperm?

When males provide nothing but genes, female choice of mates is expected to favour individuals that can best increase offspring survival. This selection process may not only occur at an individual level, but also on the gamete level. Recent studies have i ndicated that the ova may select sperm on...

Tildelt: kr 2,7 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The role of T cell specific adapter protein in T cell activation and autoimmunity

Genetic variation in genes controlling T cell activation may be responsible for individual differences in fine-tuning of the immune response. Such variability may account for part of the genetic susceptibility to develop autoimmune diseases. Having a majo r interest in elucidating the aetiology o...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2009

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Life history patterns in large carnivores and their application for management and conservation.

Life-history is an organism's pattern of growth, reproduction and mortality, formed by long-term evolutionary processes and by immediate responses to the environment. This project has 3 main objectives: 1) evaluate the patterns of lifetime reproductive su ccess of male and female brown bears; 2) ...

Tildelt: kr 2,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2011

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Vaccine development for HIV and influenza

Aim: Based on the vaccibody principle developed by us, we wish to generate novel vaccines for important infectious diseases such as HIV and influenza. Background: Vaccination has had an enormous impact on health and longevity of humans world-wide. However , for some important diseases such as HIV...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Cellular responses to meningococcal meningitis

Meningococcal disease is a leading cause of meningitis and septicaemia worldwide. Among the serious consequences of meningitis are brain edema and disturbed neuronal excitability. These effects are often the direct cause of death. Despite the serious comp lications, the molecular basis for these ...

Tildelt: kr 3,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2012

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Statistical tools for studying genetic architecture

Advances in molecular biology have revealed that most phenotypes are controlled by highly complex and interactive gene networks. This complex genetic basis is, however, not reflected in the rather simple genotype-phenotype maps postulated in population an d quantitative genetics. These models are...

Tildelt: kr 2,8 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2012

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Competence-induced cell lysis in Streptococcus pneumoniae: Implications for horizontal gene transfer and virulence

Streptococcus pneumoniae have the ability to enter a transient phenotype termed competence for natural transformation, which enables the bacterial cells to take up free DNA from the surrounding environment. Recently, it was discovered that competent cells also aquire the ability to lyse neighbou...

Tildelt: kr 2,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Ukjent Fylke