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Dato fra ny til gammel

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Oil induced autoimmune arthritis

We here present evidence that a novel class of genes encoding regulatory leukocytereceptors may be of clinical importance in autoimmune diseases elicited by environmental exposure to immunoadjuvants, in particular mineral oils. The evidence is based on th e structural identification of the rat Oi...

Tildelt: kr 3,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Modeling human disease in mice;DNA repair and genomic (in)stability.

Our research is currently focused on two classes of enzymes involved in repair, and possible regulation, of DNA and RNA species; flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) and mammalian alkB homologs (ABHs). Genetic models are generated in order to elucidate the contribu tion of single gene deletions in genomic ...

Tildelt: kr 3,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2011

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The early stages of adaptive divergence: the speed of evolution

In this proposed project we will study processes during the early phase of adaptive divergence. Lesjaskogsvatnet was colonized by grayling Thymallus thymallus in 1880 and during 120 years more than 20 demes have been established. Owing to profound tempera ture differences among tributaries, we ex...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2009

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Astrocytes - guardians of neuroprotection

Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the human cerebral cortex but the focus on these cell types have been far neglected. In the later years it has become apparent that they play important roles in the homeostasis of the brain and evidence now al so suggests that they are essential compo...

Tildelt: kr 2,2 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

A novel signal transduction pathway regulating cell separation processes in plants - the IDA/IDL network and their predicted partners.

Signaling mediated by small peptides is important in cell-to-cell communication. Few peptide ligands involved in cell signaling are known from plants and even less is known about the peptide-ligand-receptor pairs. A group of small putative peptide-ligands have recently been characterized by the ...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2011

Sted: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Study of cellular distribution and biological functions of neonatal Fc receptor in immune cells

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the major class of immunoglobulins and the protein with the longest serum half-life. IgG is also actively transferred to the fetus, giving the full-term fetus IgG levels over maternal levels and protective immunity. The MHC class I related neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is...

Tildelt: kr 2,3 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2009

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Quantification and Characterization of Microbial Communities in Air.

There is a serious lack of knowledge concerning the presence, activity and dispersal of airborne microorganisms. Most studies describing the prevalence of airborne microorganisms have only applied traditional microbiological methods and evaluated the occu rrence of culturable bacteria, which is k...

Tildelt: kr 2,6 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2009

Sted: Vestland

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosjektstøtte for medisin, helse og biologi

Molecular control of differentiation of multipotent stem cells in simple marine animals

The maintenance of stem cells and the regulation of their differentiation are still poorly understood. Interstitial stem cells are easily accessible in the simple animal Hydra and give rise to different neuronal cell fates, gametes and gland cells. In con trast, no interstitial stem cells have be...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2013

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The role of normal neighbouring keratinocytes and fibroblasts on clonal expansion of oral cancer (stem) cells

Recent studies, including ours, have shown that the invasive behaviour of cancer cells is not solely due to mechanisms intrinsic to the individual tumour cell. Genetic changes of individual cells in a specific tissue are not sufficient for invasive cancer to develop. Rather, there is a vivid cro...

Tildelt: kr 1,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2009

Sted: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Entorhinal grid cells and hippocampal memory

More than 30 years of research have pointed to the hippocampus as a key component of the brain's circuit for spatial representation. Although place-specific firing is undoubtedly the most conspicuous behavioural correlate of hippocampal principal neurons, hippocampal neurons also respond to a va...

Tildelt: kr 4,3 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2009

Sted: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Contact meeting for the Norwegian Biochemical Society

The annual meeting of the Norwegian Biochemical Society has a world-wide reputation as an excellent meeting place for scientists, both on the scientific and the social level. They have been a tremendous success and is arguably the one meeting in Norway wh ich has contributed the most to the conta...

Tildelt: kr 0,36 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosjektstøtte for medisin, helse og biologi

The ecological and evolutionary significance of seed banks in Arabidopsis thaliana

Many studies of the genetic structuring of annual, selfing Arabidopsis thaliana populations on various geographical scales have been performed in recent years. Some studies conclude that local populations may contain relatively high amounts of genetic var iability both in phenotypic traits and pu...

Tildelt: kr 2,5 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2012

Sted: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Dynamics underlying astrocyte behaviour

For a long time astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell species, have been considered passive bystanders of neural activity. The picture that is now emerging is that astrocytes are critically involved in regulating brain function. Despite extensive exper imental efforts, a thorough understanding...

Tildelt: kr 2,6 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2009

Sted: Akershus

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Mechanism of cargo selectivity in axonal transport Isolation and characterization of kinesin light chain associated vesicles

The aim of this project is to gain knowledge about how the motor protein kinesin-I interacts with its vesicle cargo, and what the nature is of the vesicles that are transported by kinesin-I through neurons. The role of neuronal transport in neurodegenerat ive diseases such as Alzheimer's disease,...

Tildelt: kr 2,5 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2011

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Dynamics of synaptic transmission in the rod pathway of the retina

A considerable challenge in neuroscientific research is to explain processes at the systems level in terms of mechanisms at cellular and molecular levels. The retina serves as an ideal model system amenable to experimental approaches that directly aim to bridge this gap. With respect to the senso...

Tildelt: kr 3,0 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Metabolic scaling in teleosts

Metabolic scaling is a widely recognised problem in biology. The underlying causes for the disproportionate relationship between the metabolic rate of an organism and its body size have long puzzled scientists, and continue to be controversial. In recent years this fascinating subject has been tr...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Functional genetic networks that maintain genomic stability in mammalian cell lines and in Caenorhabditis elegans

The spontaneous formation of lesions in DNA is among the most significant threats to genomic integrity. We are using genetic and biochemical methods in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C.elegans) and DNA repair deficient mouse cell lines to stud y the biological consequences of accumula...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2009

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The properties of thin, unmyelinated axons in mammalian brain

In order to better understand and control how neurons work we need more knowledge about thin, unmyelinated axons because: * They are the most common, but yet the least studied axonal type in the mammalian cortex. * They are the most excitable part of the neuron and are, therefore, very important ...

Tildelt: kr 2,2 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2010

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The study of translocation of extragenous growth factors into cells- mechanisms and biological function of intracellular growth factors.

The growth, development and repair of cells and organs are controlled by a variety of hormones, growth factors and cytokines. Many of these factors are proteins that bind to specific molecules (receptors) at the cell surface. These receptors reside in the plasma membrane. Lipid membranes control...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2011

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Degradation of insoluble carbohydrate polymers: how do microbial chitinolytic machineries work?

Enzymatic degradation of abundant insoluble carbohydrate polymers such as cellulose and chitin is of tremendous biological and biotechnological importance. Microbes produce numerous enzymes to hydrolyze these polymers, but the question of how they manage to disrupt the crystalline structure of th...

Tildelt: kr 2,8 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2009

Sted: Akershus

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The role of regulatory T cells in allergy

A dramatic increase in prevalence of allergy observed within the last two decades has been associated with better hygiene, increased use of antibiotics and improved vaccination. Infections are important for the induction of regulatory elements within the immune system, and it has been suggested t...

Tildelt: kr 2,7 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2009

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Cascading Effects of Mutualistic Interactions: From Insect Flower Visitation to Plant Community Dynamics

Ecologists have for a long time been interested in how negative plant-animal interactions, such as herbivory and seed predation affect the population dynamics of plant species, their distribution on small and large spatial scales, and the plant community species composition and diversity. Positiv...

Tildelt: kr 4,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2010

Sted: Akershus

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Sperm morphology and function in passerine birds

The prime function of sperm cells is to fertilize eggs. Despite this common purpose, there is a tremendous diversity among animal taxa in sperm phenotypes. Part of the variation can be attributed to phylogenetic relatedness, and sperm are often used as di agnostic traits in taxonomy. But there is...

Tildelt: kr 5,0 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2010

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Mechanisms for transcapillary transport-from molecules to clinical application

Capillaries are highly permeable to water and small solutes but very restrictive towards protein. This arrangement is necessary to maintain fluid equilibrium between plasma and tissue. There is a slow transfer of protein to supply tissues with e.g. import ant bioactive molecules. How the transpor...

Tildelt: kr 2,2 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2009

Sted: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Effect of environmental DNA exposure on bacterial adaptation rates

The increasing amount of DNA sequence data available reveals that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events have been frequent in most bacterial species. This observation identifies HGT as a major driving force in bacterial evolution. Whereas many studies hav e addressed the dynamics and mechanisms o...

Tildelt: kr 2,8 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2010

Sted: Troms - Romsa - Tromssa

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF INTRACELLULAR REGULATION OF GLUTAMINE TRANSPORTERS IN NORMAL AND MALIGNANT CELLS

Glutamine, the most abundant amino acid in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid, is important for many metabolic processes, e.g. biosynthesis of amino acids, purines and pyrimidines. Glutamine is a major N- and C-donor involved in inter-organ and inter-cellular shuttling of metabolites. It is a signal...

Tildelt: kr 2,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2009

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The control of growth by insulin and TOR pathways in Drosophila: identification and characterisation of modifiers of starvation through a ge

This research projects aim to characterising some general mechanisms of growth control. Growth is a complex process, which depends both on internal cues, or genetic parameters, and external influences, like nutrition, exercise or temperature. It is well r ecognized that nutritional input is of gr...

Tildelt: kr 1,6 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2011

Sted: Ukjent Fylke

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Genetic basis and evolution of ventral plumage melanism in skuas (Stercorariidae)

The genetic basis of phenotypic change and adaptation is one of the major outstanding problems in evolutionary biology. Until recently it has been difficult to identify the genes involved, particularly in wild populations. The biochemical pathways of mela nin-based fur and plumage pigmentation ar...

Tildelt: kr 2,7 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2010

Sted: Troms - Romsa - Tromssa

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Coeliac disease (CD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA); mapping the shared features in order to understand autoimmunity

There has been a huge advance in the understanding of coeliac disease (CD) in recent years. Our group has made several important contributions to this improved understanding. Research done by other groups has started to unravel aspects of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that at sev...

Tildelt: kr 2,9 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2009

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Activation of Toll-like receptors of the immune system studied by atomic force microscopy and confocal microscopy

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) trigger a fast response of the immune system to microbial particles that invade our body. TLRs recognize microbial conserved structures such as CpG-DNA or certain lipopolysaccharides, and are essential for our defense against mi crobes as well as for normal inflammatory...

Tildelt: kr 2,5 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2009

Sted: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

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