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Målet for FUSE er å utvikle kunnskap og metoder for energieffektive og trygge skipsoperasjoner ved å kombinere KI og skips hydrodynamikk som muliggjør raske utslippsreduksjoner fra den globale flåten gjennom neste generasjons ruteoptimalisering.


Hovedideen er å utvikle metoder for mer nøyaktige numeriske modeller for skipsytelse, inkludert både energi- og bevegelsesegenskaper, ved å bruke kunstig intelligens i kombinasjon med klassisk hydrodynamikk. Tradisjonelle hydrodynamiske modeller er basert på grunnprinsipper og reflekterer fysiske lover. Kunstig intelligens kan trenes på operasjonelle data til å finne nye sammenhenger i dataene utover det man vet fra fysikkens lover. Begge tilnærmingene har sine fordeler og ulemper, og vi tar sikte på å kombinere det beste fra begge tilnærmingene og utvikle hybridmodeller. 
Potensielle effekter av de nye skipsmodellene vil evalueres gjennom bruk i ruteplanlegging.

Som utgangspunkt vil vi samle brukerkrav fra industripartnerne med fokus på to utvalgte brukstilfeller; deep sea og fergedrift. Forskningsaktivitetene vil dekke dataanalyse, KI og skipshydrodynamikk og reiseoptimalisering og beslutningsstøtte. Relevante forskningstemaer innebærer å sammenligne de ulike tilnærmingene for å estimere skipsytelse, vurdere nøyaktighet og gyldig bruk av modellene og evaluering av modellenes sensitivitet og anvendelighet. Til slutt vil den potensielle effekten av å bruke hybridmodeller i reiseoptimalisering bli undersøkt og demonstrert. En ph.d.-kandidat vil bli utdannet fra NTNU med fokus på å fusjonere KI med skipshydrodynamikk. 

Prosjektpartnerne er SINTEF Ocean, SINTEF Ålesund, NTNU, Torghatten, Vard Electro, NAVTOR og G2 Ocean.

The FUSE vision is to rapidly reduce emissions from the global fleet by unlocking the full potential of operational data through fusing AI and ship hydrodynamics for next generation voyage optimization. The main idea is to develop theoretical approaches and methodology utilizing the potential of using AI in combination with classical hydrodynamics to develop more accurate numerical models for ship performance, including both energy and motion characteristics. Traditional hydrodynamic models are based on first-principle, reflecting physical laws. AI-based models which uses operational data are used to establish a statistical relationship between inputs and outputs. Both approaches have their pros and cons, and we aim to fuse the best of both approaches and develop hybrid models as input to voyage planning and onboard decision support systems.  As a starting point, we will gather user requirements from the industrial partners focusing on two selected use cases; deepsea and ferry operations. The industry partners will be involved during the whole project period ensuring that the competence and results can be exploited into their product and services. The industry partners will contribute with operational data from their ships as research data. 

The research activities will cover data analytics, AI and ship hydrodynamics and voyage optimization and decision support. Research partners are SINTEF Ocean, SINTEF Ålesund, and NTNU. A PhD candidate will be educated from the NTNU with supervisors from Marine Technology and Engineering Cybernetics with focus on fusing AI with ship hydrodynamics. Relevant research topics involve comparing the different approaches for estimating ship performance, considering accuracies and valid usage of the models and evaluation of sensitivity and applicability of the models. Finally, the potential impact of using hybrid models in voyage optimization will be investigated and demonstrated.

Fusing AI and Ship Hydrodynamics for Next-Gen Voyage Optimization

Ettersom flere mennesker lever lenger, trenger vi flere helsetjenester, spesielt for akutte helseproblemer. Dette legger mye press på helsesystemet vårt, som inkluderer hjemmeomsorg, sykehjem, lokale klinikker og sykehus. For å sikre at vi kan ta vare på alle i fremtiden, må vi finne måter å hjelpe eldre mennesker med å holde seg sunne og unngå å trenge mye omsorg.
PAI-prosjektet jobber med dette problemet. Prosjektet bruker kunstig intelligens (KI) for å forutsi hvilken type omsorg eldre mennesker kan trenge ved å se på helsedata. Ved å oppdage helseproblemer tidlig, kan vi ta skritt for å forhindre at de blir verre. Dette kan bety at vi forhindrer fall i sykehjem eller endrer en persons medisinering på deres lokale klinikk. Dette bidrar til å unngå sykehusopphold, som kan være dyre og stressende.
Imidlertid er det vanskelig å forutsi helsebehov fordi dataene vi har kan variere mye. Det kan være forskjellig avhengig av hvor personen bor, og hvilke helseproblemer de har. For å håndtere dette, jobber PAI-prosjektet med mennesker som mottar omsorg og helsearbeidere for å utvikle KI-verktøy. Prosjektet tester disse verktøyene i virkelige situasjoner i Spania, Sverige og Norge.
Prosjektet bruker en blanding av metoder for å samle inn og analysere data. Dette inkluderer både tall (kvantitative data) og folks erfaringer og meninger (kvalitative data). Målet er å hjelpe eldre mennesker ved å gi dem riktig omsorg til rett tid, forhindre at skader og sykdommer blir verre. Det hjelper også helsearbeidere ved å sørge for at ressursene brukes effektivt og skaper et godt arbeidsmiljø. Løsningene de finner kan brukes på mange forskjellige steder.

As the population ages, the demand for healthcare services increases, including acute care. This puts a strain on healthcare resources, making efficient care management crucial at all levels - home, nursing homes, primary care, and hospitals.
The PAI project aims to address this challenge by using artificial intelligence (AI) to predict the care needs of older individuals. By analyzing patient monitoring data, the project can detect early signs of health or functional decline. This allows for preventive measures to be taken, reducing the need for costly acute care and aftercare. For example, hospitalizations can be prevented by avoiding falls in nursing homes or adjusting medication in primary care.
However, predicting the care needs of older patients is not straightforward. It involves dealing with varying data availability, quality, and potential interventions across different care levels and diagnoses. To tackle this, the PAI project uses a design science approach and a multiple case study design. It develops analytics in collaboration with care recipients and healthcare practitioners and implements them in real-life settings in Spain, Sweden, and Norway.
The project uses a mixed-methods strategy for data collection and analysis, combining quantitative and qualitative elements. This includes the thematic interpretative analysis of meeting notes, interviews, and observations, as well as the statistical longitudinal trend analysis of Key Performance Indicators in the respective healthcare systems.
The benefits of the PAI project are twofold. Older individuals receive adequate early care, preventing injuries and the worsening of diseases. Healthcare staff can use their resources more effectively, creating a sustainable and satisfying work environment. The outcomes of the project are scalable and can be applied in various contexts, making it a valuable contribution to the future of European healthcare.

Predicting Care Needs of Older Adults in the Healthcare System through AI-enabled Analysis of Patient-Monitoring Data

I Nordsjøen finnes det organisk rike leirlag som har blitt begravd til flere kilometers dyp. Når slike leirlag blir begravd til flere kilometers dyp, blir de så varme at de begynner å generere olje og gass. Av all oljen og gassen som har blitt generert i Nordsjøen, har hele 98% lekket ut til havet over geologisk tid. Men hvor skjer dette? Hvor mye lekker ut? Hvilke miljøkonsekvenser har det? Hvordan påvirker det planer for CO2-lagring at væsker kan sive ut naturlig noen steder? Og kan det gi ny innsikt i hvor man bør lete etter olje og gass? Dette er spørsmål som InFluSe-prosjektet skal svare på. 

InFluSe står for "Integrated study of Fluid Migration and Seepage in the Southern Norwegian North Sea - Impact on Hydrocarbons, Environment, and CO2 storage". På grunn av de viktige konsekvensene hydrokarbonlekkasje i Nordsjøen har, er det mange som er interessert i dette prosjektet. Prosjektet ledes av Universitetet i Bergen, og har partnere fra industri, akademia og statsadminstrasjon, og disse partnerene inkluderer UiT, Equnior, Vår Energi, AkerBP, Aarhus Universitet, Geomar Kiel, Havforskningsinstituttet og Sokkeldirektoratet. 

I løpet av det første av fire år, skal vi ansette fire PhD-kandidater og gjennomføre et tokt på 20 dager med forskningsskipet G.O. Sars. Den første av PhD-stipendiatene skal bruke satellittdata til å undersøke hvor, når og hvorfor olje lekker i Nordsjøen. Den andre PhDen skal undersøke eksisterende brønn-, kjerne- og seismikk-data fra Nordsjøen for å finne ut hvilke veier hydrokarbonene migrerer under bakken. Den tredje skal samle inn og prosessere nye høy-oppløselige 3D-seismiske data over områder med mye lekkasje for å undersøke hvordan hydrokarbonene kommer seg gjennom takbergartene. Den siste skal undersøke geokjemiske og biologiske prøver fra hydrokarbonoppkommene for å finne ut hvor de kommer fra, hvor lenge de har vert aktive, og hvilke påvirkninger de har på miljøet.

In the Southern Norwegian North Sea (SNNS), analysis of satellite radar data supported by recent scientific cruise activity reveals a previously unknown pattern of natural oil seepage. This seepage pattern indicates the presence of a widespread and previously unknown hydrocarbon migration system. Combined with the extreme availability of subsurface data in the study area and our ability to conduct scientific cruises with state-of-the-art research vessels, the observed seepage pattern makes it possible to characterize and understand migration of fluids in sedimentary basins from source to seep, at a hitherto unparalleled level of detail. Through an integrated and cross-disciplinary research program, the InFluSe project partners will create a complete understanding of hydrocarbon migration and seepage in the SNNS through two scientific cruises, a comprehensive analysis and modelling program, and education of 4 PhDs and >10 MScs in the disciplines of geomatics, subsurface geology, geophysics and geochemistry. Firstly, we will determine the hydrocarbon migration pathways in the SNNS area and develop a baseline of natural hydrocarbon seepage in terms of distribution and rates that past and potential future well-related emissions can be evaluated against. Secondly, improved knowledge about distribution and rates of hydrocarbon seeps in the Norwegian North Sea will make it possible to assess the geological contribution of hydrocarbons, carbon and methane (the most important greenhouse gas after CO2) to the environment and atmosphere, something that is poorly understood from both a conceptual and regional perspective, and may be exacerbated by the shallow depth of seepage here. Thirdly, several CO2 storage licenses are in place in the SNNS and the impact of the observed seepage on the CO2 storage integrity in these areas will be addressed by InFluSe. Finally, understanding of pathways of hydrocarbon migration will help improve play models and de-risk exploration prospects.

Integrated study of Fluid Migration and Seepage in the Southern Norwegian North Sea - Impact on Hydrocarbons, Environment, and CO2 storage

mSpider: a universal “digital adaptor” to extract physical activity and health data from wearable sensors

Store skip (over 5000 bruttotonn), som containerskip, bulkskip og tankskip står for ca. 90% av karbondioksidutslippene (CO2) forårsaket av den maritime sektoren i dag. For denne typen fartøy er nullutslippsløsninger, som elektrifisering, ikke lett tilgjengelige. Det er derfor avgjørende å finne andre løsninger for å avkarbonisere dem. En ny teknologi spesielt egnet for store fartøyer, er moderne seil, kalt vindassisterte fremdriftssystemer (WAPS). WAPS har potensial til å redusere drivstofforbruket med opptil 60% og dermed redusere klimagassutslippene betydelig. 
For å realisere og maksimere potensialet til WAPS er det avgjørende å ha en grundig forståelse av de komplekse vindforholdene som oppleves på havet og forstå hvordan WAPS bør brukes for å møte denne utfordringen på en optimal måte. Vindforholdene i skipsfart kan variere betydelig avhengig av ruten (dypt hav, kyst, osv.), men også innenfor samme seilas. WAPS må derfor utformes for å fungere i et bredt spekter av vindforhold. Dette kompliseres ytterligere av bevegelsen indusert av fartøyet. Som en ny teknologi, er den fulle innvirkningen av de dynamiske, realistiske vindforholdene på WAPS ennå ikke fullt ut forstått. 
reSail vil fremme vindassistert fremdrift ved å forbedre forståelsen av vindforholdene som WAPS vil utsettes for. Vindmålinger på skip vil sammen med vindtunnelmålinger og modelleringsarbeid muliggjøre forbedring av kontroll, plassering og implementering for å realisere det fulle drivstoff- og utslisppsbesparende potensialet til WAPS.

Wind-assisted propulsion systems (WAPS) have the potential to contribute significantly to the decarbonization of international shipping. They are particularly suited for large vessels, which contribute heavily to global emissions from the maritime industry. To maximise the potential of wind-assisted propulsion the wind conditions WAPS are facing and how they affect wind propulsion ships need to be well understood. reSail will address this challenge by generating full-scale measurement data from a demonstrator ship, examining the ideal placement of wind-assisted propulsion systems (WAPS) on a ship, developing advanced aerodynamic models and control strategies to make the newly acquired knowledge available to a broad audience and finally assess the implications of complex wind conditions on ship operation. 
This will be obtained by a combination of methods ranging from, field measurements on a sea-going vessel, laboratory scale experiments in tailored flow conditions, to simulations of both individual components, such as the control system, as well as the ship holistically. The project will be conducted by a strong consortium comprised of three research institutions with strong competence in maritime transport, fluid mechanics, control strategies and ship operation, both experimentally and numerically, as well as key industry actors in shipping, wind-assisted propulsion and Geo-data. Close collaboration between the partners and among the different tasks in the project will advance wind-assisted propulsion and thus efficient green shipping in Norway.

Sailing with wind-assisted propulsion in realistic wind conditions

Achieving effective reduction in greenhouse emissions necessitates both preventing resource depletion and offering sustainable solutions to meet the increasing demand for energy. The technology developed in the NEXPECH2 project effectively addresses the above-mentioned challenges by using solar energy to convert water to green hydrogen (H2) under standard atmospheric temperature and pressure. Green hydrogen is a clean, sustainable chemical fuel that can be stored on a large scale for a long time and used to replace fossil fuels as a means of energy storage, transportation fuel, and feedstock. The NEXPECH2 ultimate goal is to deliver green H2 on a prototype lab-scale via development of a innovative photoelectrochemical (PEC) system for maximized solar light harvesting and efficient solar conversion to H2. The project will develop a low-cost compact device with an objective of reaching 10% solar-to-fuel efficiency and <10% degradation over 200 h operation.

Next generation photoelectrochemical cell for hydrogen generation (NEXPECH2)

By step-change EURAD-2 means a new era via a more effective and efficient public research, development and demonstration (RD&D) in Europe, and a deepening of research cooperation between MS having different radioactive waste inventories, and with programs at various stages of development. 

The scope of EURAD-2 builds upon the achievements of EJP EURAD-1 and EURATOM PREDIS. At a strategic level it is structured by the EURAD-1 Roadmap, while the prioritized scope refers to the updated Strategic Research Agenda (SRA)6. EURAD-2 continues to collaboratively develop, maintain and consolidate at the European level the scientific and technical basis of RWM, including disposal.

The scope of EURAD-2 includes scientific and technical activities on all steps (from “cradle to grave”) of RWM:
- Radioactive waste inventory including steps to minimize final radioactive waste to be managed;
- Radioactive waste characterization & processing (including pre-treatment, treatment and conditioning);
- Interim storage of radioactive waste; and
- Disposal solutions – with the main focus on geological disposal of spent fuel, high-level waste (HLW) and long-lived intermediate level waste (ILW).

Specific RD&D required for near-surface or surface disposal and low-level waste (LLW), will be addressed.Nuclear facility dismantling and decommissioning activities are however excluded, although interfaces, and particularly aspects that impacts final disposal could be considered.

The project aims to connect with the wider European Community through, e.g., SNETP, NEA, DigiDECOM community, IGDTP, IAEA, ENSREG, ERDO Association,  and will encourage interaction between different national programmes.

EUROPEAN PARTNERSHIP ON RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT 2 (EURAD-2)

Limb wounds in horses are common, however healing is exceedingly slow and fraught with complications. Contrary to body wounds, limb wounds demonstrate only a small amount of wound contraction. The specialist procedure of applying split-thickness skin grafts to limb wounds stimulates wound contraction by unknown mechanisms. The objective of this project is to identify those mechanisms to develop a treatment strategy for equine limb wounds for use in general  practice. Limb wounds are severely impacting animal welfare due to an extended healing/treatment duration, and the risk of euthanasia due to a poor functional outcome. By stimulating wound contraction, healing time will be reduced, and the functional outcome improved, directly benefitting the welfare of wounded horse and reducing treatment cost for the owner. Aim: To identify dermal components stimulating wound contraction, and to develop this knowledge into future state-of-the-art treatment of equine limb wounds for use in general practice. Hypotheses: i) Application of dermal fractions to collagen gels seeded with equine fibroblasts will increase gel contraction in vitro; ii) Application of dermal fractions to experimental limb wounds in vivo, will increase wound contraction resulting in a faster healing time versus wounds treated by conventional methods. Methods: i) The contractile effect of different dermal components will be assessed in a collagen gel/ fibroblast model; ii) Identified dermal components will be tested in a standardized experimental limb wound model in vivo (n=5). Ultimately, results from this project are expected to improve wound treatment in horses, directly impacting animal welfare by reducing healing time and improving the functional outcome of wounded horses. This will also directly benefit horse owners and caretakers and making veterinarians able to offer better treatment solutions.

HESTEFORSK - Raskere og bedre sårheling hos hest med autologe hudkomponenter

Developing Gene Therapy for Brain Diseases

I løpet av de neste tiårene skal det bygges og driftes mange havvindmøller, noe som er viktig for å få til det grønne skiftet. Dette gir mange muligheter for norske verft. Norge er kjent for å være best i verden på design og produksjon av maritimt utstyr, og vi har gode forutsetninger for å lykkes med havvind. Men for å lykkes må verftene bli mer effektive.

Norske verft har tidligere blitt kritisert for å være for dyre og lite produktive. Selv om det går bedre, må de bli enda mer effektive. De må redusere kostnadene med 10-15% for å kunne vinne nye kontrakter og bidra til at havvindindustrien blir lønnsom. Derfor trenger vi mer kunnskap om hvordan verftene kan jobbe smartere.

Digitale tvillinger og kunstig intelligens har vist seg å fungere godt i andre industrier for å redusere kostnader og øke effektiviteten. I verftsindustrien har man hittil mest brukt digitale modeller til produktutvikling. Vi vet lite om hvordan de kan hjelpe med å planlegge arbeidskraft, utstyr og infrastruktur bedre. Med digitale tvillinger og kunstig intelligens kan verftene få bedre data og analyser, som gir mer detaljerte og nøyaktige planer. Dette kan redusere tid brukt på oppgaver som ikke skaper verdi.

Målet med TWinYards-prosjektet er å finne ut hvordan vi kan gjøre norske verft mer effektive ved å bruke digitale tvillinger og kunstig intelligens. Da kan verftene redusere kostnader og bidra til bærekraftig drift og en bærekraftig satsing på havvind.

A high number of offshore wind turbines is expected to be built, installed, operated, and decommissioned over the next decades, constituting a critical element in the green shift. This offers numerous opportunities for the Norwegian yard industry. Norway leads globally in maritime equipment design and production, with unique expertise and infrastructure, providing a solid foundation for success in offshore wind. However, the success relies on more efficient yard operations. The Norwegian yard industry's lack of cost competitiveness and productivity has been stressed previously, and even though there are signs of improvement, their effectiveness should have been much higher. They need to reduce costs by 10-15% to win newbuild orders in the long run and be able to contribute to the cost efficiency improvements required for a profitable offshore wind industry. There is, therefore, an urgent need for increased knowledge on efficient operations of the yards. 

Digital twins and artificial intelligence have been successfully used in manufacturing to reduce costs and improve efficiency. In the yard industry, the use of digital models has primarily been from a product perspective. There is a lack of knowledge on how they can support efficient planning of the people, equipment, and infrastructure at yards. With digital twins and artificial intelligence, yards gain access to robust data and analytical capabilities that provide more detailed and accurate plans and schedules that minimize non-value adding activities, promising a significant reduction in non-value adding time.

The overall objective of TWinYards is to develop knowledge on how to achieve resource efficiency and flow in the Norwegian yard industry by exploiting digital twins and artificial intelligence. The yards will thereby be able to reduce costs and contribute to green yard operations and a sustainable shift towards offshore wind.

TWinYards – Scaling up for offshore wind at Norwegian yards: Efficient operations through digital twins and artificial intelligence

Midlene fra SAM-EU-Samfinansiering EU-kontoret fordelt på år

Midlene fra SAM-EU-Samfinansiering EU-kontoret fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra SAM-EU-Samfinansiering EU-kontoret fordelt på fagområde

Økonomikonsulent

SCOUT-03 - Stratosphere-Climate Links with Emphasis on the Upper Troposphere, Lower Stratosphere (IP)

Cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMS) are used in personal care products, and are emitted to aquatic environments with wastewater effluents. With several reports documenting high concentrations in the aquatic environment, cVMS have come under extensive scrutiny by both national and international regulatory bodies regarding their environmental persistence and bioaccumulation. However, the understanding of the full link between emissions and biotic exposure is still fragmentary, including how environmental factors influence the environmental behavior of cVMS. Hence, the main objective of this project was to explore the behavior of cVMS using Lake Storvannet in Hammerfest as a case-study. An essential part of this was to also develop improved methods for analysis of cVMS in the environment, as well as to evaluate computer models to simulate the link between emissions and exposure for cVMS.
Sewage from the population around Storvannet is emitted to the lake through leaking pipes and overflow events, which the local municipality is already addressing through renovation of the sewage system. The results from this project showed that concentrations of cVMS in sediments and fish in Storvannet are still comparable to concentrations in aquatic systems impacted by sewage from much larger populations (e.g. Lake Mjøsa and the Oslofjord). The cVMS concentrations were higher in Arctic Char than in Brown Trout from the lake, which may be explained by different habitats and dietary habits between these two species.
Combination of the measured concentrations with computer models contributed to increase the understanding of how siloxanes may be impacted by low temperatures and ice cover. One of the main findings from the project was that siloxanes are expected to behave differently than well-known legacy contaminants in cold environments. While contaminants like PCBs partition more from water to sediments when it gets colder, increasing their persistence, siloxanes are expected to behave in the opposite way, possibly decreasing their persistence at colder temperatures. However, these predictions contain considerable uncertainty, highlighting both that we still lack basic knowledge on the properties of siloxanes, and that experience from legacy contaminants not necessarily can be directly transferred to new and emerging contaminants. 
The results from this project are highly relevant for both local, national, and international regulatory bodies, particularly as the use of the siloxanes D4 and D5 probably will be regulated within the EU in the near future. Results have thus been communicated to relevant environmental stakeholders. In addition, improved methods for analysis of siloxanes developed within this project have already been incorporated into monitoring activities for the Norwegian Environment Agency, and an upgraded bioaccumulation model will be utilized in new and upcoming projects financed by the Research Council of Norway.

Environmental emissions of cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMS) in Europe are estimated in the range of kilo-tonnes per year.  With several reports documenting high concentrations in the aquatic environment, cVMS have come under extensive review by reg ulatory bodies within the Europe (REACH) and North America (Canadian Chemical Management Plan) regarding their environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity.  However, understanding their distribution and fate within the aquatic environment has  been hindered by unreliable methods for determining trace levels in water and sediment matrices.  In addition to this, environmental winter conditions in Nordic Regions may slow removal/degradation processes of cVMS and increase their persistence and exp osure in aquatic ecosystems. This proposal will develop sensitive methods for monitoring the distribution and exposure of cVMS and apply these new methods to a Nordic lake system.  Data collected will be used to evaluate the capability of environmental fa te and transport models to predict the observed behaviour of cVMS under different environmental conditions. 
NILU is an international leader in cVMS research, and the only Norwegian laboratory that can conduct cVMS analysis, which has propelled Norway to  the forefront of monitoring the fate and impact of these compounds.  However, in order to maintain Norway's position as a leader in this research field, improvements to methodology is needed to enhance monitoring and model evaluations.

Pollution - NORDIC LAke exposure to Cyclic Siloxanes: assessment of transport, distribution and fate

Making Arctic Matter: creativity in polar science field practices

Herzke, Dorte DAADppp 2009 Tysk-norsk forskerutveksling

The Protection of population from Solar UV Radiation by Monitoring and Information

PERFluorinated Organics in Our Diet

Atmospheric PREcursors to Oxidants - Research Infrastructures

Nebot, Carolina, STP,  GB

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has recently got into the focus of environmental chemists and toxicologists, due to it ubiquitous presence in the environment. Until 2003, the largest quantity of PFOS in Norway has been used in aqueous film forming foams (AFFF). AFFF are speciality blends, used for fighting fires of flammable liquids such as petrol or oil. High volumes of AFFF are used in the Norwegian offshore industry and run directly into the sea. After it had been shown that PFOS is persistent and tox ic, the AFFF on oilrigs were replaced in 2003 with a formulation containing the fluorotelomer-based surfactant polyfluoroalkyl betaine (PFAB). The project aims at comparing the environmental concentrations and fate as well as the eco-toxicity potential of  PFOS and PFAB. Trace analytical methods will be developed and validated to determine PFAB levels in environmental samples. A screening of water, sediment, polychaetes and fish samples close to oil platforms in the North Sea will reveal the impact of the use of AFFF on environmental concentrations of PFOS, PFAB and related compounds. Degradation and transformation experiments under biotic and abiotic conditions will give information about the persistency of the target compounds as well as identity and fat e of hitherto unknown transformation products. The eco-toxicity will be studied using marine organisms from different trophic levels. Effects on mortality, growth and reproduction will be quantified and tissue levels of PFOS and PFAB analysed. Toxicologic al data on the biochemical and physiological level will be generated and endpoints of sensitive biomarkers will be measured in field organisms.

Environmental occurrence of fluorinated alkyl substances from fire fighting foams used on Norwegian oil platforms

Some of the environmental pollutants, due to the susceptibility to be transported by air- and ocean currents, reach pristine and remote areas far away from the actual site of use or release. The potential of substances to degrade in relevant environmental  media, either through biodegradation by microorganisms or chemical transformation is of utmost importance for the fate of organic chemicals, and especially for more hydrophilic chemicals such as many pesticides and PPCPs (Pharmaceuticals and Personal Car e Products). Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), mathematical methods relating intrinsic molecular descriptors to empirically derived toxicological endpoints or other physical properties, has a growing attention for national and interna tional authorities (EU commission) for the regulation, evaluation and risk assessment of chemicals. Based on the promising experience with the implementation of such QSAR approach with the use of linear solvation-energy relationship (LSER) methods in mult imedia fate models, more accurate descriptions to environmental phase partitioning and thus estimates of environmental fate, overall persistence and long-range atmospheric transport can be obtained. Based on this promising experience, we aim to evaluate t he potential of using similar set of LSER descriptors (such as molecular volume, polarisability and hydrogen bond abilities) as used to describe environmental phase partitioning, for environmental degradation of pollutants. The targeted research proposed herein with the prediction of environmental half-lives should be of great value for the risk assessment of chemicals under relevant environmental conditions. A natural continuation of this methodology, as part of our strategy, will be to utilise a uniform  set of descriptors to describe various properties (included bioaccumulation and effects) of pollutants in multimedia fate models and exposure models for living organisms and humans.

FORURENS: Predicting environmental properties of organic contaminants of emerging concern- QSAR approach with the use of LSER descriptors

A large number of water and air samples from various parts of the Arctic Ocean and North Atlantic have been made available. The samples were collected during expeditions 2002 and 2005. Various types of environmental contaminants should be determined in th e samples. These include traditional persistent organic pollutants, currently used pesticides, and polyfluorinated compounds. The data obtained will be used to get an updated picture of the contamination situation in the Arctic and also give additional kn owledge on the transport processes and fate of the contaminants.Air and water samples were collected simultaneously to obtain information on deposition/volatilisation processes.

Air samples were collected with high volume air samplers with filters for th e particles and two different types of sorbents for compounds in the gas phase.

Water samples of different sizes were collected separating the suspended particles and dissolved phase. Small water samples (4-10 L) will be used mainly to get a finemeshed d ata net for hexachlorocyclohexanes. Larger water samples (80-150 L) will be used for other organochlorines and currently used pesticides. In addition samples of ice, meltvater and brine have been collected. Chiral compounds will be used to map biodegradat ion and give further information on the air-sea gas exchange.

The knowledge that comes out of the project is important to further develop models of how environmental contaminants are transported as well as their fate in the Arctic environment. This type of knowledge is important for decision makers to develop legislation to protect the environment against deliterious chemicals.

Distribution of Selected Organic Pollutants and Estimation of the Degradation Rate of Chiral Compounds in the Arctic Ocean and N Atlantic

Berger, Urs, DAADppp-06

CA : European Aerosol Research Lidar Network: Advanced Sustainable Observation System

European Network for 3-D Monitoring of Environmental Change

DAAD-PPP 2004/2005 Stebel
Bevilgning 2004 og 2005. Bev for 2004 tatt av 2003-budsj. Beløp for 2005 bev for 2004

Semi-preparative separation and characterisation of selected enantiomers derived from the technical Toxaphene mixture

Perfluorinated aliphatic surfactants and airborne fluorochemicals in Norwegian environmental samples

Metan er en av de viktigste klimagassene og den klimagassen med den høyeste vekstraten. Samtidig er det fortsatt knyttet store usikkerheter til kilder og sluk av metan, og ikke minst til mulige tilbakekoblingsmekanismer mellom atmosfærisk metankonsentrasj on og klimaendringer. På Zeppelinstasjonen i Ny-<.zeta.>lesund, Svalbard, ble det nylig igangsatt en kontinuerlig overvåking av metan-bakkekonsentrasjon med høy tidsoppløsning, for både å observere langtidstrender og kortvarige variasjoner forårsaket av m eteorologiske betingelser. Dette skal være et vesentlig element av økt norsk aktivitet innen overvåking av klimagasser og klimaforskning. I rammen av prosjektet skal en doktorgradsstipendiat ta målinger av metankonsentrasjonen på Zeppelinstasjonen, analys ere denne dataserien med henblikk på trender, og sette den i sammenheng med målinger av relaterte gasser. Videre skal betydningen av arktiske kilder av metan undersøkes ved å kombinere korttidsvariasjoner i metan med trajektorieanalyser, statistiske metod er og 3-dimensjonale transportberegninger.

An Arctic study of the importance of methane for climate change - increased use of climate data from the Zeppelin station, Ny-Ålesund

SAM-EU-Samfinansiering EU-kontoret

SCOUT-03 - Stratosphere-Climate Links with Emphasis on the Upper Troposphere, Lower Stratosphere (IP)

Tildelt: kr 1,5 mill.

Budsjettformål:

SAM-EU-Samfinansiering EU-kontoret

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