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Metabolic Profiling of Rubus (Cloudberry and Raspberry): Effect of Inheritance and Environment on Phytochemicals Beneficial to Human Health

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Raspberry (Rubus idaeus) and cloudberry (R. chamaemorus) are closely related species of the Rubus genus. Raspberry is economically important in several countries and many different varieties exist. Conversely there are only four commercial available varie ties of cloudberry. These have been selected from a large number of clones. In order to both improve the existing varieties of cloudberry and develop new varieties it is essential that the inheritance of the important sensory and nutritional characteristi cs are studied. To accelerate the development and/or enhancement of varieties it is essential that a concerted approach is undertaken at the genetic and metabolomic level if we are to sensibly correlate the desirable and beneficial characteristics (metabo lites) of the fruit and their inheritance at the genetic level. To this end it is paramount that molecular markers are developed and this must be done via well characterised systematic crossings. The previous work of the authors (and their institutes) wit h regard to both raspberry breeding and marker development, and the cultivation and establishment of cloudberry will be invaluable for a breeding program of cloudberry. It is well established what constitutes the desireable sensory characteristics of soft fruits with the soluble solids and acid:sugar ratios the predominant driving factors. However, the derivation of the health benefits vary from species to species but current consensus opinion suggests that the anthocyanins are attributable for at least p art of this effect. As a result a large effort is underway to develop darker red and black raspberries. Besides the occasional mutant cloudberries generally have much lower anthocyanin levels compared to raspberry (¨0.005 fold). However, they have much gr eater levels of Vitamin C and ellagitannins. Ellagitannins are now being reported to exert many diverse beneficial effects with regard to cancer, mediating sugar-release during digestion and ageing.

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MATPROG-Matprogrammet: Norsk mat fra sjø og land