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BIONÆR-Bionæringsprogram

Marine omega-3 fatty acids and health - use of systems biology in controlled dietary intervention studies

Tildelt: kr 3,9 mill.

Prosjektnummer:

184813

Søknadstype:

Prosjektperiode:

2008 - 2013

Midlene er mottatt fra:

Samarbeidsland:

Intake of fatty fish and cod liver oil has been part of a healthy diet in Norway for many years due to the high availability of fish. Omega-3 fatty acids from cod liver oil are used by the Norwegian food industry to develop new healthy food for the consum ers. To understand the beneficial health effects of cod liver oil we need to extend our knowledge on the role of genetic and diet-related factors in pathogenesis of chronic diseases. This knowledge can be used to develop new strategies for the food indust ry. Inflammation is the underlying cause for many chronic diseases. Omega-3 fatty acids may increase gene expression and proteins levels of anti-inflammatory markers and reduce the expression and protein levels of pro-inflammatory markers in healthy adult s. In addition, omega-3 fatty acids influence lipid metabolism. One mechanism of action is that they directly regulate gene expression by acting as ligands for nuclear receptors which are an import group of nutrient sensors in cells. A major function of t he nuclear receptors is in the regulation of macrophage biology, where they are known to play a role at the crossroad of lipid metabolism and inflammation. Our hypothesis is that dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induces changes in gen e expression in circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and thereby have an impact on whole body physiology and increase our knowledge of disease pathogenesis. Using a systems biology approach in dietary intervention studies, it is possible to find early biomarkers for disease pathogenesis. We also hypothesize that by this approach it is possible to reveal specific protective features of typical Norwegian dietary constituents such as fish. The information gained from healthy individuals c an be used to identify early biomarkers and assist in identifying obese individuals at high risk of T2DM and CVD in a much earlier stage of pathogenesis

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BIONÆR-Bionæringsprogram