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CLIMIT-Forskning, utvikling og demo av CO2-håndtering

Safety Monitoring of CO2 Storages Using Microseismicity and 4D Seismic Modelling

Tildelt: kr 9,3 mill.

Due to the increasing acceptance of the concept of global warming, the reduction of man-made CO2 emissions becomes more and more important. Capture of CO2 under industrial processes and subsequent underground storage has the advantage that it can be rapid ly realized without changing the energy supply infrastructure. The fact that CO2 has been naturally stored for geological time scales is an indicator for the feasibility of the method. Nevertheless, to avoid unwanted propagation of CO2 underground as well as leakage to the surface, storages will have to be monitored thoroughly. Microseismic monitoring is a continuous process not suffering from the interrupted nature of active seismics. When we find out where microearthquakes are located, we often can obs erve accumulations in certain regions implying e.g. the reactivation or creation of a fault. Typically, the onset time of certain waves is used to find out where those waves were generated, but we plan to develop new techniques based on the summation of w ave energy for the localization of those events where no clear onsets are available in order to benefit from lower quality data. Not only the location, but also the type of earthquake which occurs can tell us what is happening underground. Additionally, earthquake mechanisms provide information on the stress field around the storage. The stress field may indicate where areas vulnerable to leakages are. Therefore we will compute them from geometry of the storage and rock properties. Further, we propos e to improve the NORSAR software SeisRoX to handle CO2 related properties. SeisRoX is a tool that can quickly calculate seismic sections and compare results at different times. Differences in the seismic sections are expected if the rock properties vary w ith time, which is the case for CO2 injection. This can be used to better understand the measurement results, but also to find the most cost-effective point in time to carry out the next survey.

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CLIMIT-Forskning, utvikling og demo av CO2-håndtering