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CLIMIT-Forskning, utvikling og demo av CO2-håndtering

Novel membrane contactor using ionic liquids for pre-combustion CO2 capture

Tildelt: kr 8,9 mill.

The project entitled MCIL-CO2 - Novel membrane contactor using ionic liquids (ILs) for pre-combustion CO2 capture, aims to develop an environmentally friendly and energy efficient new solution for CO2 capture from pre-combustion power plant emission. In a pre-combustion process, CO2/H2 separation is an important step to purify H2 from the water-gas shift reaction products and hence avoid CO2 emission. The selective separation of CO2 from H2 at elevated pressure and temperatures is the key challenge for this process (e.g., 15-20 bar and 190-210oC). A membrane contactor process using specifically tailored ILs as CO2 absorbents has been developed in this project. This ILs membrane contactor process takes advantages of membrane separation, absorption and ILs, and have high CO2/H2 separation efficiency, small footprint, low energy consumption and reduced pollution, bringing in clearly positive impact to the natural environment in a long term. The research is carried out as four work packages: - Optimization of ILs as absorbents - Optimization of membrane materials and modules - Lab scale experimental rig for separation performance testing - Optimization of the process and separation condition The main challenges of the project has been: - The high temperature causes problems such as the reduced CO2 sorption capacity and increased corrosion to the metallic materials. The concern on the long term stability and durability of the ILs at high temperature also limits the use of certain types of high performance ILs. - The sealing of the membrane modules at high temperature and high pressure is difficult. - To maintain a small pressure difference between gas and liquid phase and prevent membrane wetting at elevated pressures has been complicated. Based on the study, the following conclusions can be drawn: - Membrane contactor using ILs is successfully tested in lab scale for CO2 /H2 separation at elevated pressures (up to 20 bar) and temperatures (up to 80 °C); - CO2 flux can be greatly improved with increasing operating pressure; - Thin-film composite membranes with a dense top-layer exhibit better long-term stability compared to the porous membranes. - The energy evaluation of this process indicates that pre-combustion CO2 capture is less energy intensive compared to post combustion CO2 capture. - The specific energy requirement for this process is lower than that using conventional physical absorbents in a packed column. - The total capital cost and operating cost for the membrane contactor based process is lower than conventional absorption column. To summarize, the project has experimentally proven that the combination of membrane contactor and ILs makes CO2/H2 separation at elevated temperature and pressure conditions possible and more efficient. Data from systematical investigation can provide a foundation for further research and development of pre-combustion capture using membrane process. Moreover, based on the simulation results, the specific energy requirement for membrane contactor process is notably lower than that in conventional packed column, which can be quite interesting to the relevant industrial sector, not only for CO2 capture, but also for other gas separation processes. By now the project has generated 11 peer-reviewed publications in high impact journals (e.g., Journal of membrane Science, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control and Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research), which have been cited more than 150 times since 2016, demonstrating the high impact of our work. The 24 conference presentations (ICOM, Euromembrane, TCCS, etc.) and 4 open seminars have also made the project and concept well distributed. Two patents have been applied and published. In addition, valuable knowledge about membrane contactor process developed during the project implementation has been applied to several later projects. For example, the concept of closed-loop membrane absorption-desorption has been adopted into a sub-project in the SUBPRO Centre (SFI) for high pressure natural gas dehydration, and the know-how in non-porous membrane contactor has been adapted to the 3GMC project for preventing the 3rd generation solvent emission.

The project entitled MCIL-CO2 - Novel membrane contactor using ionic liquids for pre-combustion CO2 capture, is aimed to develop an environmentally friendly new solution with high separation efficiency and low energy consumption for CO2 capture from pre-c ombustion power plant emission. In pre-combustion process, CO2/H2 separation is an important step to purify H2 from the water-gas shift reaction products and hence avoid CO2 emission. The selective separation of CO2 from H2 at elevated temperatures is the key challenge for this process since this reaction is equilibrium limited and only occurs at appreciable rates at 15-20 bar and temperatures 190-210oC. As an approach to the CO2/H2 separation at elevated temperature and pressures, a membrane contactor pr ocess using specifically tailored ionic liquids (ILs) as CO2 absorbents is proposed. This ILs membrane contactor process takes advantages of membrane separation, absorption and ionic liquids, and is expected to have high CO2/H2 separation efficiecy (with high CO2, H2 purity and H2 recovery), small footprint, low energy consumption and reduced pollution, bringing in clearly positive impact not only on the climate, but also to the natural environment in a long term. Despite of all these advantages, reports on membrane contactors with ionic liquids as absorbents for CO2/H2 separation at elevated temperature and pressures can barely be found.

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CLIMIT-Forskning, utvikling og demo av CO2-håndtering