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SSF-Svalbard Science Forum

Comparative analysis of human impact on the environment in Arctic settlements Longyearbyen and Barentsburg (Svalbard)

Tildelt: kr 33 999

Longyearbyen and Barentsburg are exclusive examples of settlements with industrial development in the Arctic. Above all it is two existing coal mining centers. The research is devoted to evaluating of environmental impact from coal mining industry on the Arctic landscapes in Longyearbyen and Barentsburg areas understanding of geochemical features of Arctic landscapes under industrial pressure. Due to slow biochemical processes Arctic landscapes are very fragile and sensitive to human impact. Even, small industrial activities can cause significant influence on natural processes. Methods The main aim of the field excursion is to collect data for evaluating of environmental impact of the coal mining industry on the Arctic conditions. For realization of the Project several methods are applied. There are comparative geographical, geochemical, sampling methods. Field investigation of disturbance in the Arctic ecosystems due to human activities includes the surface water, bottom sediment and soil sampling in the centers of industrial activities and also in unaffected areas in both settlements. In both towns the main sources of contaminants and disturbance of the Arctic ecosystems are the following industrial facilities: heating plant; seaport; coal mines; storehouses and industrial estates; residential areas; infrastructural facilities. But dissimilar types of landscapes and mining production make difference in environmental response. The comprehensive landscape description includes investigations of soil profiles on different geomorphologic levels. Landscape descriptions and results of chemical analysis explain the migration of contaminates in different landscape's types, and reveal the level of human impact on the environment. This allows making the landscape map and the map of anthropogenic disturbance of landscapes.

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SSF-Svalbard Science Forum