Indigenous Knowledge Systems, Planning and Environmental Decision Making: The Role of Community-Based Impact Assessments

En av de tilknyttede IndKnow forskerne - Charles Roche - har i 2021 disputert ved Murdoch University, Australia. En del av hans avhandling er artikkelen Understanding why impact assessment fails; a case study of theory and practice from Wafi-Golpu, Papua New Guinea. I artikkelen undersøkes det pragmatiske og etiske grunnlaget for konsekvensutredninger (KU), lokalsamfunnserfaring anvendes som bidrag til et sørlig perspektiv på KU, en epistemisk kritikk av KU i mineralsaker, mangler i ensidige ontolgiske KU og lokalsamfunnsbaserte KU som et svar på mangler i KU diskuteres. I forbindelse med SDG konferansen i Bergen, februar 2021, ble det i regi av TriArc og IndKnow, arrangert en side event Indigenous Peoples. Capacity to Act for Sustainability der TriArc og IndKnow forskere deltok. IndKnow har i 2021 i sammenheng med Nasafjellsaken, gjennomført et omfattende feltarbeid i Rana kommune og i på svensk side. Både reindriftsutøvere, representanter for kommunen og gruveselskapet Elkem er intervjuet. Intervjurunden fortsetter høsten 2021. Analysene av intervjuene er igangsatt og i første omgang fokuseres det på kunnskapsgrunnlaget i konsekvensutredningene. I hennes rolle som IndKnow forsker, deltar Howlett i partnerskap University of Wollongong, NSW og med Illawarra Aboriginal Land Council (IALC) i Wollongong, om hvordan urfolks kunnskap kan inkluderes i land og marine beslutningsprosesser. Et større feltarbeid i samarbeid med partnere ved Wollongong University er igangsatt. Dette feltarbeidet er imidlertid satt på vent på grunn av Coronasituasjonen i Australia (New South Wales), men gjennopptas i februar 2022. I regi av prosjektet arbeides det videre med konkrete kartleggingsmetoder for å kartlegge lokal bruk av land og marine ressurser som et ledd i å bidra til å styrke lokal- og urfolkssamfunn kapasitet til deltakelse i planlegging og forvaltning.

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The proposed project seeks to address the gap between the lack of Indigenous peoples’ knowledges (IK) in planning, land-use and environmental decision-making and new ways of integrating IK by asking: by what means and methods can IK and rights be secured in marine and land-use planning decisions. The project endeavours to advance methodologies that can bridge this gap and develop best practice for the integration of IK through participatory GIS mapping technologies and community-based impact assessments (CBIA). We will draw upon examples of best practice in CBIA and will combine IK systems with western scientific research methods from the natural and social sciences. The project undertakes to examine both state and community-led impact assessment processes symmetrically, and to explore the concrete impacts and possibilities of CBIAs and the Norwegian Planning and Building Act and related provisions on Impact Assessments for IK and rights. The research will contribute to the policy and advocacy work of Indigenous communities and organisations, and directly enhance Sami community capacities in relation to area planning and strategic land and marine decision-making. We will structure the research into four work packages (WP), which will bring together on-going and new empirical case studies in a novel international comparison of methodologies for incorporating Indigenous knowledge systems in marine and land-use planning decisions. The first three WPs reflect three key spatial and temporal scales in marine and land-use planning decisions: 1) strategic planning 2) planning permits for proposed resource projects and 3) planning for existing operations. The fourth WP consolidates the knowledge produced through the three first WPs and provides transnational and international case study comparisons, exploring the status of IK in planning processes and decision-making in developing countries, in settler nations, such as Australia, and in nations such as Sweden and Norway.

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