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2004

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Helse

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Koordinerings- og støtteaktivitet

Effektene av fysisk og seksuell vold på ofre og deres familier kan være ødeleggende og vedvarende, med potensielt langvarige konsekvenser for fysisk og mental helse, utdanning, sysselsetting og bruk av velferdstjenester. Mens strafferettssystemet anses som en viktig del av offerets gjenopprettingsprosess, er det begrenset empirisk forskning på hvorvidt strafferettslige prosesser hjelper og/eller hindrer bedring langs disse ulike dimensjonene. I dette prosjektet vil vi adressere dette kunnskapshullet ved å bruke en kombinasjon av kvantitative og kvalitative forskningsmetoder. I de kvantitative analysene vil vi bruke administrative registerdata som dekker hele befolkningen sammen med kvasi-eksperimentelle metoder for å kunne trekke kausale slutninger. Vi vil også benytte maskinlæringsteknikker for prediksjon. De kvalitative analysene vil supplere de kvantitative analysene ved å gi kontekst til et komplekst felt av saker og ofre og ved å identifisere potensielle mekanismer mellom strafferettslige prosesser og utfall for ofrene. Samlet vil disse metodene gi en mer robust, representativ og nyansert forståelse av hvordan kontakt med strafferettssystemet påvirker offeret på tvers av flere viktige livsområder både på kort og lang sikt. Prosjektet ledes av Folkehelseinstituttet (FHI) med Frischsenteret og Universitetet i Oslo som partnere. Prosjektet har et rådgivende utvalg med medlemmer fra Nasjonalt kunnskapssenter om vold og traumatisk stress (NKVTS), ETH Zurich, Universitetet i Oslo, Frischsenteret, Universitetet i Bergen, og OsloMet. Det er også tilknyttet en brukergruppe bestående av personer og organisasjoner som er i kontakt med ofre for vold og overgrep.

Victims of sexual and physical violence is one of the most vulnerable groups in our society. The criminal justice system (CJS) serves a critical role in providing assistance to victims of these crimes, enabling them to seek justice, protection, compensation, and closure. Yet, knowledge about whether the CJS helps or harms these victims is extremely limited. This project aims to remedy this by providing a comprehensive understanding of the role of the CJS in supporting and providing restoration for victims of physical and sexual violence in Norway. We will utilize a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods across disciplines to study outcomes across multiple important life domains, both in the short and long run. For the quantitative analyses we will use exceptionally rich longitudinal administrative register data with full population coverage combined with state-of-the-art quasi-experimental methods for credible causal inference and predictive machine learning techniques. The qualitative analysis will be based on narrative interviews with victims, providing context and insights into how interactions with the CJS shape life stories. The results will yield a robust and nuanced understanding of how the different stages of the CJS impacts victims. This is particularly urgent given how the current emphasis on legal responses to assaults has caused a sense of obligation and civic duty for especially women to report incidents, while the chances of legal closure remain small. In addition to advancing the methods for quasi-experimental designs and machine learning within quantitative criminology, this project will provide valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and practitioners working in the field of victim support and rehabilitation and may inform current legal reform efforts aimed at addressing these issues.

Helpful or harmful: The effects of criminal justice system contact on victims of sexual and physical violence

Dyrearter over hele verden har endret atferd og migrasjonsmønstre som respons på klimaendringer, og globalt opplever vi en økning i tap av biologisk mangfold. Flaggermus utgjør den nest største pattedyrordenen i verden. Likevel vet vi fremdeles relativt lite om hvordan individer og populasjoner påvirkes av klimaendringer. Flaggermus har lav reproduksjonsrate og trenger mye mat relativt til den beskjedne kroppsstørrelsen. Forskere antar derfor at flaggermus er spesielt følsomme for klimaendringer. For å kunne gi gode råd om forvaltning og bevaring, må vi først vite hvilke egenskaper som gjør en flaggermusart mer sårbar, og hvilke årstider som gir dem de største utfordringene ved nordlige breddegrader; selv om vinteren i nord er lang og kald kan sommeren vise seg å være en større utfordring for nattaktive dyr, med lyse og korte sommernetter som begrenser tiden flaggermus har til å finne mat. Gjennom dette prosjektet prøver vi å finne ut hva som driver atferdsmessige, fysiologiske, eller sesongmessige responser på klimaendringer hos nordiske flaggermus fra sør til nord i Fennoskandia. Vi forsøker også å identifisere mulige tidsperioder som reduserer overlevelse hos nordiske flaggermus i lys av fremtidige klima-scenarioer, der hver årstid har sine egne dilemmaer små flaggermus må overvinne for å overleve. Dette prosjektet er et teoretisk modelleringsprosjekt, og et 3-årig forskningssamarbeid mellom BatLab Norway (NMBU) og BatLab Finland (universitetet i Helsinki).

Climate change will continue to alter weather conditions, food webs and energy requirements for species globally over the next decades, with escalating rates of warming especially predicted in the north. Bats belong to the second most species-rich mammal group in the world and are believed to be particularly sensitive to future climate change; however, we still have little knowledge on the mechanisms behind behavioral, physiological, and phenological responses to climate change in bats.

Nordic bats live in seasonal environments and face particular energetic dilemmas each season, that ultimately impact their survival- or reproductive chances. Common for these energetic dilemmas is that Nordic bats can use energy-saving behaviours (torpor and hibernation) throughout the annual cycle, but face certain costs in return. However, the costs and benefits of using these behaviours depend on individual state and on current and future environmental conditions, which demands a certain level of environmental predictability in order for bats to optimise their decisions.

With prospects of the weather becoming more unpredictable in the north, it has never been more urgent to identify potential bottlenecks for species living close to the border of their distribution limits, and to identify the traits that make them vulnerable to climate change.

In this project I will use stochastic dynamic state-dependent optimization models to identify the mechanisms behind responses to climate change in different Nordic bat species across seasons and latitudes. Such models evaluate costs and benefits of different behaviors, calculates the optimal decision under various conditions, and predicts the consequences of each choice, finally allowing us to simulate long-term population survival.

By combining the expertise of BatLab Finland and BatLab Norway I will be able to detect the seasonal limitations for survival and reproduction in Nordic bats across a latitudinal gradient.

Vulnerability of Nordic bat species to climate change: identifying seasonal bottlenecks across latitudes (NordBats)

Prosjektet har som mål å utforske og utvikle matematiske og numeriske metoder for å analysere stokastiske transportligninger. Disse ligningene er essensielle for å forstå hvordan tilfeldige fluktuasjoner (støy) påvirker dynamiske systemer som turbulens, vannbølger, geofysiske strømmer, og kompressibel væskebevegelse. Transportligninger er en type partielle differensialligninger som brukes til å modellere bevegelse og spredning av størrelser som masse, energi eller kjemiske stoffer i et medium. Disse ligningene tar hensyn til hastighetsfeltet, som beskriver retning og hastighet av bevegelsen i mediet. Ved å inkludere stokastiske elementer i disse modellene, kan vi ta høyde for tilfeldige påvirkninger eller støy som oppstår i systemet. Dette er avgjørende fordi mange naturlige og industrielle prosesser er utsatt for uforutsigbare faktorer, som kan ha innvirkning på deres dynamikk. Prosjektet fokuserer på gradientstøy, hvor hastighetsfeltene påvirkes av støy. Dette muliggjør energibevarende løsninger, noe som er ønskelig i fluidmekanikk. Energibevaring refererer til prinsippet om at den totale energien i et lukket system forblir konstant over tid, selv om den kan endre form. Konvensjonelle tilnærminger legger til såkalt Itô støy i kildeledd, noe som kontinuerlig tilfører energi. Gradientstøy krever avanserte matematiske verktøy for å håndtere dens komplekse påvirkning på systemene. Vi bruker Stratonovich- og Marcus-type fluktuasjoner for å representere denne støyen i hastighetsfeltene til transportligningene. Prosjektet har som mål å utvikle nye matematiske og numeriske teorier for å håndtere de spesifikke utfordringene som gradientstøy medfører. Vi fokuserer på å forstå superkritiske transportligninger, ikke-lineære bølgeligninger, og kompressibel Navier-Stokes ligninger. Viktige spørsmål er: (1) Har disse stokastiske ligningene en løsning? (2) Er løsningen entydig? (3) Er løsningen stabil ved endringer i inngangsdataene? (4) Hvordan kan løsningen beregnes numerisk?

Our project is at the cutting edge of numerical analysis of SPDEs affected by transport noise. Such equations have emerged as a focal point in mathematical research, due to their critical applications in areas like fluid dynamics, turbulence modeling, and geophysical flows. This heightened interest is driven by the need for deeper understanding and precise analysis of these complex phenomena, where SPDEs offer vital insights and predictive capabilities. What sets our research apart is its emphasis on transport-dominated systems driven by gradient noise operators. Prior numerical analysis studies have explored SPDEs with stochastic forcing, but the examination of gradient noise is still in its infancy. The complexity of gradient noise, involving anisotropic (integro-) differential operators due to stochastic calculus, presents unique challenges. There is a pressing need to develop methods that preserve the hyperbolic structure of these equations. Our project aims to pioneer this field by devising theoretically sound numerical algorithms and creating novel frameworks for stability and convergence. Our work considers supercritical transport equations, nonlinear wave equations, and the compressible Navier-Stokes equations. Research on stochastic transport equations is inspired by the famous Kraichnan turbulence model, which posits advection through a Gaussian velocity field. Yet, there is a growing consensus that noise in turbulent velocities might be better represented by a Lévy process with jumps. As the second main advancement of our project, we are breaking new ground by pioneering the analysis of SPDEs affected by Marcus-type gradient noise. This area is critically important yet hardly explored, with vast potential for groundbreaking discoveries. Marcus noise is distinct for adhering to the Newton-Leibniz chain rule, which is important in fluid dynamics, unlike the Stratonovich interpretation which fails to do so in the presence of jumps.

NASTRAN: Numerical Analysis of Stochastic TRANsport

The project aims to develop a high-fidelity MVP of robotic furniture designed to optimize urban living spaces and enhance life quality. This initiative merges advanced robotics and AI with practical design to address space efficiency in densely populated areas.

Key R&D challenges include integrating robotics and AI to create adaptable furniture systems, ensuring safety through rigorous testing and third-party certifications, and applying real-world feedback to refine functionality. The project involves significant technical and regulatory hurdles in engineering consumer-friendly, safe, and responsive furniture.

Starting December 2024, a 2 + 6 months pilot phase with 2 selected Norwegian businesses will test the product's real-world application and collect operational data. Feedback from end-users will be gathered through qualitative interviews, informing iterative improvements to enhance design and functionality.

This project leverages existing scientific, technical, and business knowledge in innovative ways, aiming to develop a unique product that sets new industry standards. It is characterized as experimental development, pushing technological boundaries in furniture design.

By end 2025, feedback and pilot data will be used to finalize a market-ready product, ensuring it meets user needs for functionality and aesthetics. This initiative represents a pioneering effort to transform urban living, combining experimental development with practical application to create sustainable and adaptable living solutions.

Development of high-fidelity MVP of AI driven robotic furniture to be piloted in realistic environment with pilot clients.

Utviklingen av havvind er et viktig element i det grønne skiftet og det forventes å ekspandere betraktelig, også i områder med sjøis i særdeleshet Østersjøen. Her er relativt grunt vann slik at det i hovedsak planlegges og bygges bunnfaste konstruksjoner. EU har mål om å produsere 60GW fra havvind før 2030, og mye av dette vil komme i Østersjøen. Tekniske løsninger for havvind er viktig ikke bare for EU, men svarer også på minst tre av FNs 13 bærekraftmål ((#7, #9, #13) og vil ha indirekte positiv effekt i forhold til fem andre ( (#3, #8, #9, #11 and #12).
Sjøis og is-krefter fra sjøis på havvindsinstallasjoner representerer en av de største usikkerhetene for design og operasjon av havvindsturbiner. De eksisterende standarder og retningslinjer er hovedsakelig gitt i IEC614000-3-1 and DNV-ST-0437, og disse er stort sett basert på "Arctic Offshore structures for the petroleum industry" i ISO19906. Det er to vesentlige forskjeller mellom installasjoner for havvind og for olje og gass. For det første er oljeplattformer større, stivere responderer mye mer statisk, mens vindturbiner er slankere og mer dynamiske. For det andre kan man vanlig vis i Arktis regne med tilnærmet uendelig store drivende krefter fra tung is, men i Østersjøen (og andre områder hvor det planlegges havvind) er det lettere isforhold (isen er mellom 0.3 m og 1.2 m), og de drivende kreftene (fra særlig vind og strøm) kan begrense is-kreftene. Usikkerhetene ligger både i etablering av fordelinger av, og korrelasjoner mellom de relevante is-parameterne (is-tykkelse, konsentrasjon osv.) og i de deterministiske og probabilistiske modeller for å beregne laster og respons. IceWise kommer til å adresse begge disse.

IceWise addresses sea ice actions on offshore wind turbines. Offshore wind is one of the vital renewable energies for the future and Europe wants to reach at least 60 GW installed in EU waters by 2030. This means more wind turbines in the Baltic sea where sea ice is on the the major uncertainties.

IceWise combines the competence of NTNU in ice mechanics and ice actions on offshore structures with competence within satellite remote sensing of sea ice at UiT to carry out world-leading research needed for Norwegian industry to reduce uncertainty in ice action estimations and to pave the way for improved operational planning and standardization of design method for offshore wind turbines.

WP1 Sea ice statistics, WP2 Ice state definition and WP3 Probabilistic modelling, address respectively the sea ice statistics and ridges statistics from satellite remote sensing data (WP1), defining an ice state based on multi-modal data product and calculate deterministic ice loads (WP2) and probabilistic modelling of ice ridge and level ice action (WP3).
The international  DTU-Space (Skourup) will co-supervise the PhD in WP1 (UiT) and we plan for with two full day scientific workshops per year (at NTNU and at Aalto) with the researchers and the PhDs.

Scientific papers published in high level international journals, high qualified personnel (PhD and master students) available for employment in Norwegian industry and development of better standards and guidelines for estimating ice actions on bottom-fixed wind turbines are three major results from the project.

A steering committee with member from all Norwegian partners will meet 4 times per year and ensure good progress. it will also be two full day physical workshop with all partners annually. The PhD students will meet and be challenged by the industry with their applied perspective.

DNV will be invited as observer to IceWise and Høyland is reviewing the new DNV-RP-C205 about ice actions to ensure that IceWise is complementary.

Ice, Wind and Structures

I Nordsjøen finnes det organisk rike leirlag som har blitt begravd til flere kilometers dyp. Når slike leirlag blir begravd til flere kilometers dyp, blir de så varme at de begynner å generere olje og gass. Av all oljen og gassen som har blitt generert i Nordsjøen, har hele 98% lekket ut til havet over geologisk tid. Men hvor skjer dette? Hvor mye lekker ut? Hvilke miljøkonsekvenser har det? Hvordan påvirker det planer for CO2-lagring at væsker kan sive ut naturlig noen steder? Og kan det gi ny innsikt i hvor man bør lete etter olje og gass? Dette er spørsmål som InFluSe-prosjektet skal svare på. 

InFluSe står for "Integrated study of Fluid Migration and Seepage in the Southern Norwegian North Sea - Impact on Hydrocarbons, Environment, and CO2 storage". På grunn av de viktige konsekvensene hydrokarbonlekkasje i Nordsjøen har, er det mange som er interessert i dette prosjektet. Prosjektet ledes av Universitetet i Bergen, og har partnere fra industri, akademia og statsadminstrasjon, og disse partnerene inkluderer UiT, Equnior, Vår Energi, AkerBP, Aarhus Universitet, Geomar Kiel, Havforskningsinstituttet og Sokkeldirektoratet. 

I løpet av det første av fire år, skal vi ansette fire PhD-kandidater og gjennomføre et tokt på 20 dager med forskningsskipet G.O. Sars. Den første av PhD-stipendiatene skal bruke satellittdata til å undersøke hvor, når og hvorfor olje lekker i Nordsjøen. Den andre PhDen skal undersøke eksisterende brønn-, kjerne- og seismikk-data fra Nordsjøen for å finne ut hvilke veier hydrokarbonene migrerer under bakken. Den tredje skal samle inn og prosessere nye høy-oppløselige 3D-seismiske data over områder med mye lekkasje for å undersøke hvordan hydrokarbonene kommer seg gjennom takbergartene. Den siste skal undersøke geokjemiske og biologiske prøver fra hydrokarbonoppkommene for å finne ut hvor de kommer fra, hvor lenge de har vert aktive, og hvilke påvirkninger de har på miljøet.

In the Southern Norwegian North Sea (SNNS), analysis of satellite radar data supported by recent scientific cruise activity reveals a previously unknown pattern of natural oil seepage. This seepage pattern indicates the presence of a widespread and previously unknown hydrocarbon migration system. Combined with the extreme availability of subsurface data in the study area and our ability to conduct scientific cruises with state-of-the-art research vessels, the observed seepage pattern makes it possible to characterize and understand migration of fluids in sedimentary basins from source to seep, at a hitherto unparalleled level of detail. Through an integrated and cross-disciplinary research program, the InFluSe project partners will create a complete understanding of hydrocarbon migration and seepage in the SNNS through two scientific cruises, a comprehensive analysis and modelling program, and education of 4 PhDs and >10 MScs in the disciplines of geomatics, subsurface geology, geophysics and geochemistry. Firstly, we will determine the hydrocarbon migration pathways in the SNNS area and develop a baseline of natural hydrocarbon seepage in terms of distribution and rates that past and potential future well-related emissions can be evaluated against. Secondly, improved knowledge about distribution and rates of hydrocarbon seeps in the Norwegian North Sea will make it possible to assess the geological contribution of hydrocarbons, carbon and methane (the most important greenhouse gas after CO2) to the environment and atmosphere, something that is poorly understood from both a conceptual and regional perspective, and may be exacerbated by the shallow depth of seepage here. Thirdly, several CO2 storage licenses are in place in the SNNS and the impact of the observed seepage on the CO2 storage integrity in these areas will be addressed by InFluSe. Finally, understanding of pathways of hydrocarbon migration will help improve play models and de-risk exploration prospects.

Integrated study of Fluid Migration and Seepage in the Southern Norwegian North Sea - Impact on Hydrocarbons, Environment, and CO2 storage

By step-change EURAD-2 means a new era via a more effective and efficient public research, development and demonstration (RD&D) in Europe, and a deepening of research cooperation between MS having different radioactive waste inventories, and with programs at various stages of development. 

The scope of EURAD-2 builds upon the achievements of EJP EURAD-1 and EURATOM PREDIS. At a strategic level it is structured by the EURAD-1 Roadmap, while the prioritized scope refers to the updated Strategic Research Agenda (SRA)6. EURAD-2 continues to collaboratively develop, maintain and consolidate at the European level the scientific and technical basis of RWM, including disposal.

The scope of EURAD-2 includes scientific and technical activities on all steps (from “cradle to grave”) of RWM:
- Radioactive waste inventory including steps to minimize final radioactive waste to be managed;
- Radioactive waste characterization & processing (including pre-treatment, treatment and conditioning);
- Interim storage of radioactive waste; and
- Disposal solutions – with the main focus on geological disposal of spent fuel, high-level waste (HLW) and long-lived intermediate level waste (ILW).

Specific RD&D required for near-surface or surface disposal and low-level waste (LLW), will be addressed.Nuclear facility dismantling and decommissioning activities are however excluded, although interfaces, and particularly aspects that impacts final disposal could be considered.

The project aims to connect with the wider European Community through, e.g., SNETP, NEA, DigiDECOM community, IGDTP, IAEA, ENSREG, ERDO Association,  and will encourage interaction between different national programmes.

EUROPEAN PARTNERSHIP ON RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT 2 (EURAD-2)

Achieving effective reduction in greenhouse emissions necessitates both preventing resource depletion and offering sustainable solutions to meet the increasing demand for energy. The technology developed in the NEXPECH2 project effectively addresses the above-mentioned challenges by using solar energy to convert water to green hydrogen (H2) under standard atmospheric temperature and pressure. Green hydrogen is a clean, sustainable chemical fuel that can be stored on a large scale for a long time and used to replace fossil fuels as a means of energy storage, transportation fuel, and feedstock. The NEXPECH2 ultimate goal is to deliver green H2 on a prototype lab-scale via development of a innovative photoelectrochemical (PEC) system for maximized solar light harvesting and efficient solar conversion to H2. The project will develop a low-cost compact device with an objective of reaching 10% solar-to-fuel efficiency and <10% degradation over 200 h operation.

Next generation photoelectrochemical cell for hydrogen generation (NEXPECH2)

Polynomligninger, der ett polynom er satt lik et annet, er fundamentale innen moderne teknologi. De har anvendelser i et bredt spekter av felt, fra grunnleggende vitenskaper som kjemi og fysikk, til økonomi og samfunnsvitenskap. Løsningene til disse ligningene tar form av geometriske figurer, som kan klassifiseres i grunnleggende byggeklosser.

Disse byggeklossene er kjent som Fano-mangfoldigheter, oppkalt etter den italienske matematikeren Gino Fano, som først påviste deres eksistens i geometrien. Forestill deg at du er en oppdagelsesreisende i et vidstrakt hav som representerer universet av matematiske former og geometrier. Dette havet er bestrødd med øyer, hver av dem unik i form, størrelse og egenskaper, som representerer forskjellige matematiske objekter. Fano-mangfoldigheter er som en særegen gruppe øyer med fascinerende egenskaper. De fungerer som grunnleggende elementer for mer komplekse øyer som ennå er uutforsket.

Akkurat som en øy som er lett å utforske fordi den har mange guider, er Fano-manfoldigheter, på grunn av deres “ampleness”-egenskap, mer tilgjengelige for studier sammenlignet med andre matematiske objekter. Fano-manfoldigheter kan betraktes som en omfattende kategori som inkluderer objekter vi allerede har en god forståelse av. De er knyttet til flere viktige konsepter innen geometri og tallteori, inkludert studiet av rasjonelle punkter, en sentral del av tallteorien.

Ruddats forskningsprosjekt har som mål å øke betydningen av Fano-mangfoldigheter i algebra, geometri og teoretisk fysikk. Prosjektet søker å klassifisere disse formene og lage en katalog, på lik linje med det periodiske systemet for grunnstoffer i kjemi. For å oppnå dette målet, vil nye teknikker fra speilsymmetri, logaritmisk og tropisk geometri bli brukt.

Systems of polynomial equations are extensively used in technology and science applications, ranging from basic chemistry and physics to economics and social science. The geometrical shape of the solution can be classified if one understands the fundamental building blocks. Mori Theory has identified these fundamental blocks as Fano manifolds. Building on prior work of successful ERC and EPSRC projects centered at the Imperial College London, Shape2030 will turn Stavanger in Norway into the center and knowledge base for the next imminent breakthrough in the foundational knowledge production of Fano manifolds and to complete the directory for Fanos of dimension three and four.
Fano manifolds and more generally log Calabi-Yau manifolds lie at the heart of the enumerative mirror symmetry conjecture (EMS), the homological mirror symmetry conjecture (HMS) and the Strominger-Yau-Zaslow conjecture (SYZ). Using novel cutting edge techniques from logarithmic and tropical geometry, Shape2030 will make substantial progress on these conjectures and aim to solve EMS and SYZ. Unique new information about wall structures and torus fibrations will lead to groundbreaking new discoveries that enable future generations of scientists and provide benefit Norway's scientific and skilled labor landscape. 
The project team consist of 16 diverse team members: 5 local in Norway and 11 at strategically chosen international centers. Thesis writing students will be equiped with unique skill sets in mathematical problem solving, artificial intelligence and advanced techniques in geometry and polynomial equations. 
The proposal is set out to enable the achievement of the United Nation goals on economic growths, innovation and quality education and it facilitates the green transition by advancing the understanding of fundamental mathematics, e.g., about solutions to polynomial equations which underlies – among others – fields like geometric modelling, clean energy and robust engineering.

Fano manifolds, wall structures and torus fibrations

Verden var i endring mellom det 4. og 8. århundre. Det var en tid da Romeriket hadde utfordringer. Gamle sannheter ble stilt spørsmål ved etter hvert som kristendommen påvirket alle nivåer av samfunnet. I denne verdenen sto Romas sentrale fora som selve legemliggjørelsen av romersk tradisjon med sine politiske, historiske og religiøse monumenter. Imidlertid måtte selv de gamle foraene endres. Dermed ble kristen graffiti ristet inn på et av templene deres tidlig på 400-tallet. Graffitiene var et slående resultat av områdets kristning og det tidligste arkeologiske beviset på denne prosessen. Til tross for dette finnes det ingen systematisk analyse av graffitien. Flere er fortsatt upubliserte, samtidig som de gradvis forsvinner på grunn av forurensing. De må dokumenteres nå for å unngå at de skal bli borte. FROG vil 1) digitalt bevare den kristne graffitien, 2) gi ny kunnskap om foraenes bruk og betydning i Roma i tidlig middelalder ved å analysere graffitiene i deres romlige og tidsmessige kontekst, og 3) styrke forståelsen av foraenes rolle i fremveksten av kristen pilegrimsferd og identitet ved å analysere graffitiene i deres kulturelle kontekst. Ved å bruke skriftlige, epigrafiske og arkeologiske kilder analyserer FROG foraenes kristne graffiti, bruk og rolle i Romas kristning gjennom menneskelige handlinger. Analysen er basert på en innovativ kombinasjon av kollektiv minneteori, resilience theory og activity spaces, som gjør det mulig å tolke samspillet mellom foraenes fysiske og mentale landskap. Denne tilnærmingen gir en unik mulighet til å forstå hvordan mennesker fra alle samfunnslag formet foraene for å reflektere deres identitet og behov. Dermed er FROG nyskapende i sitt studiemateriale, sin metode, sitt teoretiske rammeverk og sitt søkelys på et bredere spekter av Romas aktører utenfor eliten. FROG vil resultere i ny kunnskap om utviklingen av det romerske imperiets mest symbolske steder under en avgjørende periode med urban og religiøs forandring.

In the 5th century, Christian graffiti were incised on a temple near the Forum Romanum – the heart of pagan Rome. They were a striking result of the area’s Christianisation - potentially the earliest archaeological evidence of this process. Rome’s Imperial fora and the Forum Romanum were essential cultural, political, economic, and religious centres used and adapted by the city’s inhabitants between the 4th and the 8th centuries. They are thus critical case studies of the Roman Empire’s Christianisation. Their graffiti offer a unique opportunity to examine this process from a non-elite perspective. Despite this, no thorough analysis of these graffiti exists. Several are still unpublished, while pollution is eroding them. They must be documented to avoid ultimate disappearance. FROG will 1) digitally preserve the Christian graffiti, 2) provide new knowledge of the fora’s use and meaning in early medieval Rome by analysing the graffiti in their spatial and temporal context, and 3) enhance the understanding of the fora’s role in the emergence of Christian pilgrimage and identity by analysing the graffiti in their cultural context. Using written, epigraphical, and archaeological sources, FROG analyses the fora’s Christian graffiti, use, and role in Rome’s Christianisation through human acts. The analysis is based on an innovative and ambitious combination of collective memory theory, resilience theory, and activity spaces, enabling the interpretation of the interplay between the fora’s physical and mental landscape. This approach provides a unique opportunity to look beyond elite monuments and understand how humans shaped the fora to reflect their identity and needs. Thus, FROG is innovative in its study material, method, theoretical framework, and focus on a broader range of Rome’s actors beyond the elite. This will result in new knowledge on the development of the Roman Empire’s most symbolically important sites during a crucial period of urban and religious change.

The Fora of Rome and their Christian Graffiti (4th-8th centuries)

Midlene fra STIM-EU-Strat.Instituttsats.EU-prosj fordelt på år

Midlene fra STIM-EU-Strat.Instituttsats.EU-prosj fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra STIM-EU-Strat.Instituttsats.EU-prosj fordelt på fagområde

Managing Director

STIM-EU Nordlandsforskning

Støtte til seminaret "The outback in focus"

In this project I will explore how continuous spatial distributions of habitat may be applied to explain the spatial distribution of a species with high economic value - the moose. Continuous habitat distributions may be estimated from spatial data for in stance by the use of Kernel methods. The Kernel method estimates the density of a given habitat variable at each spatial location given the whole spatial distribution of that habitat. Compared to the traditional use of discrete point- or grid cell estimat es, continuous habitat distributions have some beneficial properties: 1) Smoothing out missing observations; 2) it is partly independent of arbitrary choice of spatial resolution; and 3) continuous habitat distributions may be an index that describes the whole aspect of the landscape mosaic and may therefore give better predictability to the spatial model.
Here, I suggest correlating continuous spatial habitat and animal distributions to map the association between habitat and organism. I will further ext rapolate the spatial model into larger areas to study the predictability of the model. The actual landowner configuration will then be used to study the spatial economics of the species and how this may vary through various changes of the landscape. The e conomic profit for each landowner dependent on how the various landowners manage their habitat may then be studied by applying game theory. 
I will develop these ideas at the CEES at UiO in close collaboration with prof. Nils Chr. Stenseth and his group. In addition I will collaborate with highly competent environments at the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Fairbanks, where I plan to stay for a 10 month period. The large datasets and the knowledge of the ecological system to be studied will be elabora ted through researchers working on bio-economics at HUC and a large mammal group at NINA in Trondheim.  


LAND: Spatial economic analyses in wildlife management

Norwegian coastal landscapes are now subject to change, both physically, due to changes in climate, agricultural policy, industry and housing development but also resulting from transformations in perception, because of new knowledge and transformations o f local ways of life, such as dissemination of romantic attitudes among both tourists and locals. Among the most significant visual alterations both in the case area and elsewhere are general re-growth and overgrowth. These changes might lead to problems such as overgrowth of cultural remains, decrease in biodiversity, deterioration of the vistas for sightseers, reduced local access to valued values,  and probably also a loss of placeness to the local population. 
The main objective of the present project  is to identify, by the use of an inter-disciplinary approach, significant landscape changes in the archipelagos of Lofoten and Vesterålen, Northern Norway, to evaluate implications of such changes, and to clarify foundations for maintenance and restorati on together with opportunities for development, especially accentuating tourism-related issues. Moreover, the project will explore how landscapes and landscape changes are perceived by tourists and evaluate implications of landscape changes on biodiversit y, cultural heritage values, agriculture, forestry, reindeer husbandry, and tourism. The project will advance methods for identification, analysis and assessments of landscapes and landscape qualities and finally  propose measures for countryside maintena nce, restoration and novel rural tourism (new employment opportunities) that can have a balanced and sustainable effect on the landscapes. 


LAND: Coastal landscape changes at the top of Europe: Threats and opportunities for maintenance, restoration and development (TOPCOAST)

In recent years, a large number of mountain protected areas and parks have been established in Norway,  Nepal and North-America, including what is now the largest continuous protected area in continental Europe. Pressures from the private sector to develo p economic activities in and surrounding parks in return for foregone development opportunities are increasing substantially, but there are few or no major assessments available to identify the criteria crucial for balancing environmental protection with economic development. Furthermore, development pressures are increasing in the perimeter of the parks. Little experience is available in Norway on how parks can be managed to promote economic activity, involve local communities, and maintain protection of  areas. There is also limited knowledge on how activity in the perimeter of the parks impacts the ecology of the protected areas, such as by increase in generalist predators, increased disturbance of migration routes of migratory animals and birds, or by potential increase of larger predators within the parks. Despite many controversies, there are no assessments in place to document the potential disturbance of wildlife caused by trails and trekking tourists within the parks in Norway. In USA, Canada, and  Nepal, there are both recent and long-term experiences with mountain park management, park research, income generating tourism in protected areas, and economic activity that could provide crucial knowledge to Norwegian authorities on best-practices and t he local assumptions and requirements needed for successful implementation of such activities. This study will provide a cross-disciplinary assessment of the ecological, economic and social components required for sustainable development in mountain parks , and generate scenarios of environmental pressures given different management, business regimes and mitigation systems.

LAND: Critical components for sustainable development of National parks (PARKS) - The interactions of social, ecological and economic factor

Sheep husbandry is an important part of the rural economy in Norway, with a tradition going some 5000 years back into the Bronze age. However, increases in numbers (2-2.5 million sheep on summer pasture) and a more extensive use of alpine habitats (made a ccessible by roads) during the last century have caused considerable controversy during the last decade. On the one hand, it is urgent from a conservation perspective to assess the role of sheep grazing as a potential factor for some observed recent and d ramatic changes in mountain ecosystems (e.g., more irregular rodent cycles). On the other, it is urgent for sheepherders to get documentation of sheep grazing effects, as the uncertainty in itself has lead to several grazing contracts not being renewed. Here we propose a multi-disciplinary project analysing ecological and economic factors determining the optimal degree of sheep grazing for the two most controversial alpine ranges in Norway – Hardangervidda and Setesdal Vesthei og Ryfylkeheiene. The novel ty of our project is the explicit landscape-scale experimental design addressing scaling issues, the three levels of grazing enabling assessments of sustainable grazing levels, the contrast between fairly rich (such as Hardangervidda) and poor (Setesdal V esthei og Ryfylkeheiene) alpine habitat, and the inclusion of economic calculations of what reaching (suggested) sustainable levels (as defined by explicit ecological effects) will cost to the sheep herders and landowners as well as to the society. In the research proposal, we describe both specific botanical and zoological studies and analyses empirically addressing how sheep grazing effects (on plants, rodents and birds) depend on sheep population density, temporal and spatial scales and ecosystem  properties (such as nutrient levels). The economic part of the project aims first to assess the various cost and income components of sheep farming, and the various indirect income effects in the study areas. Next, based on this cost and benefit structur e, a bioeconomic (dynamic) model analysing the vegetation-sheep interaction will be formulated. Through model simulations, the costs of reaching specific (‘sustainable’) sheep density levels may be quantified. The focus on assessment related to different levels of sheep density on alpine ranges will be the main interdisciplinary denominator of the project.

LAND: Ecological effects of sheep grazing and the economy of sustainable husbandry in alpine habitats

The cultural heritage management works within the political, economic, cultural and social reality of the modern society not the past society. The sum of priorities does not always mirror the diversity throughout time and space. One typical category of la ndscape to be left out is what we call the marginalised coastal communities.
This project aims at investigating the cultural heritage resources of this landscape type as well as its potential. Another field of inquiry is to establish a professional networ k and introduce new methods and strategies for a new management regime with active participation of the local population and the municipal administration. The project brings together different research disciplines, different management levels and institut ions that have no tradition for cooperation.

LAND: The management of cultural heritage in marginalised coastal communities

The project´s objects of study are Sami dwellings in the Tysfjord area in Nordland, and the period chosen is from the 1960´s and up to today.  For comparison, a small study will be carried out in a village in the eastern Sami area Notozero, by the Lotta R iver on the Kola peninsula in Northern Russia, where the inhabitants were centralized and relocated around 1960.
A dwelling can be interpreted as both product and process. As a product, it has tangible character, and can be seen as communicating with the landscape. It also has abstract connotations, associated with memory, symbolic value, emotional ties and identification. The dwelling as process involves those who participate in the process and the conditions they have for participation.
The landscape of  private homes (dwellings) is formed through an interplay between the house builder and the framework defined by public management policies and practices. The architecture thus mirrors the society´s principal and partly invisible conditions and perequisit es, as well as the buildes´s possibilities and choises. 
National aprogrammes for social and economic development in Sami areas in the post-war period included in Tysfjord a programme for relocation of inhabitants and erecting homes in central areas. This  affected the built landscape in a substantial way, and also demanded new social and economic strategies.
The project´s theoretical perspective is broad-spectered, including theories on vernacular architecture, on attachment to places (topophilia) and on the meanings and effects of materiality. The analyses will focus on 
- the dwelling as product; in the landscapes and on the parcel
- the dwelling and work
- the dwelling and the social environment
- the dwelling as process
- the dwelling as symbol

LAND: Design, change and management of Sami resicences in Tysfjord

Sustainable development in rural areas is currently a major political focal point. Public – private partnerships for rural development have been established, with the aim of utilizing local nature resources and qualities for commercial purposes, in an eco logically sustainable manner. The main purpose of this project is to investigate conditions for partnerships to plan and implement sustainable development in terms of a balance between nature protection and rural development in mountain regions.

Our main  assumption is that the system capacity of partnerships for sustainable development will depend both on the actor constellation and the institutional setting of the cooperative process. Thus, our theoretical point of departure is an actor-centred institut ionalism. The focus is how different private – public partnership established and manage to achieve sustainable and rural development in mountain areas. The success of these initiatives - or their problem solving capacity- will be measured in their abilit y to effectively develop legitimised strategies, and achieve legitimised economical and ecologically sustainable development. The input is the different partnerships and their problem solving capacity. Their achieved results are divided between policy out put and policy outcome. Policy output is development of strategies and plans, and decisions on allocation of resources for these purposes. Policy outcome is about actual results. 

The reseach proposal includes a formalised cooperation with Umeå Univerist y, a core institution in the Swedish "Mountain MISTRA research programme". The aim for this cooperation is to compare different kinds of management and their problem solving capacity in mountain regions in Norway and Sweden - both partnerships and the pub lic management system.

LAND: How to make it. Private-public partnerships in mananging sustainable development in mountain regions.

During the last decades Norwegian there has been a large increase in the size of Norwegian moose populations. However, large moose populations also represent a considerable cost. Thus, the central challenge will be to derive management strategies that giv e fluctuations of moose populations around some predetermined population level. Our aim is based on a new theoretical framework to derive recommendations about optimal population sizes for different types of Norwegian moose populations. These population l evels will however not only influenced by density-dependent processes but will also be strongly affected by structural changes in the age- and sex-composition because of harvest strategies that are directed against certain age- and sex-groups. Another aim  with this project will  therefore be to derive robust harvest strategies that minimizes the risk of loss of genetic variation. Furthermore, a potential unfortunate consequence of the large local influence on the choice of harvest strategies is the develo pment of large local variation in management practices even within the same region. Thus, we will study the decision processes involved when the goals and strategies for the development of the local moose populations are chosen. This knowledge will be use ful for obtaining more unified management practices of moose population over larger areas. Such information is badly needed because previous studies of moose population dynamics have shown that regulation of moose numbers through hunting requires that loc al moose managers rapidly obtain information on population fluctuations and are able to convert this knowledge immediately into decisions about changes in quotas. To shorten this time-delay, a central focus for this project will be by advanced statistical  methods to obtain indexes based on ‘Sett elg’-data that can be used by local managers for obtaining information about changes in the size and structural composition of the moose population.

LAND: Harvesting strategies for optimizing size and structure of Norvegian moose popultions: Constraints and optiones

In the present project we use an interdisciplinary approach to study processes in a conflict system linked to the cultural landscapes along the coast of Norway. Due to increasing goose populations in Europe, conflicts between farmers and geese foraging in  the agricultural landscapes have intensified. Finding optimal solutions for these conflicts is a challenge for the authorities. Based on a cumulative body of knowledge from a previous integrated project, we will in the present project develop innovative solution models providing guidelines for the long-term management and conservation of resources, based on existing knowledge from previous projects. Although the intention is to support local resolutions, the models will be applicable for corresponding sy stems, hence giving the project a general and broad perspective. In the project we will compare the vulnerability of agriculture to goose grazing in two spring staging sites for geese, with an integrated focus on differences in farming and cultural landsc apes. Furthermore we will evaluate the attitudes to the problems of geese grazing among farmers, administrators and wildlife managers and measure and predict ecological responses in Arctic goose populations to perturbations and management schemes in the c ultural landscape. Finally we will merge the findings in innovative solution models balancing the various interests from involved parts in order to develop an inter-disciplinary foundation for a cost-effective and integrated solution to management.

LAND: Cultural landscapes, agricultural activity and Arctic goose populations; a possible combination?

The wolverine is considered as a vulnerable and shy carnivore of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting arctic and sub-arctic regions in portions of the western United States, Alaska, Canada, Siberia and Fennoscandia. In comparison to other northern large ca rnivores the platform of scientific knowledge for conservation is especially poor for the wolverine. Meanwhile, the species is subject of serious management and conservation concerns in both the old and new world. In Scandinavia the main management proble m is its predation on semi-domestic reindeer and in Norway also on domestic sheep. Wolverine management issues in North America include regulating trapper harvest, preventing human disturbance at natal denning sites, and mitigating for habitat loss and fr agmentation. Although little information on wolverine biology is available in scientific literature, several research projects have been initiated the last decades both in northern America and Scandinavia. Recent communication among researchers and manage rs working with wolverines has shown a strong support for the need to facilitate an improved exchange of information on wolverine biology and management worldwide. Now is the time to arrange the first international symposium on wolverine biology and manag ement.

The symposium consists of two days of open seminars with sessions presenting the syntheses of current knowledge and frontline research on wolverine ecology, addressing current conservation and management problems and solutions to these. The semina rs will be based on invited speakers who have previously conducted and are currently running research projects on wolverines as well as managers working with wolverine conservation. Following the seminars a two-day workshop will be held for invited resear chers and managers for in-depth discussions on biology, research and management techniques. For interested persons a field excursion will be organised into the Swedish wolverine project’s study area in Sarek NP.

Wolverines in a changing world – the first international wolverine symposium - Scandinavia June 2005

Management of cultural heritages in a manner that generates values are of importance in order to obtain a sustainable development (SD). Cultural heritage can affect the three objectives for SD; environmental, social and economic development. There is a ne ed for more knowledge especially of the economic and social effects. The economic values associated with cultural heritage can arise from development of commercial activities, and from making a place more attractive both for people and business. Despite g rowing awareness that cultural heritage can generate potential value, data and methods that confirms this linkage is lacking. Knowledge of how cultural heritages create values, and hence affects the economy, and methods to estimate these values are of mai n concern in this study. In the project we will estimate the economic effects of the use and management of cultural heritage at Røros. The study will visualise and make the material and immaterial values linked to cultural heritage concrete, together with  methods to assess and distribute the value in an experience and/or business related setting. The project consists of 7 work packages: 1) Identifying and analysing the cultural heritage management regime at Røros during the last 20 years. 2) A theoretic a pproach to value creation incl. a literature survey and establisment of a theoretic model. 3) Estimating value created in business sectors, directly and indirectly (e.g., branding). 4) Estimating values among inhabitants through mobility surveys. 5) An in -depth analysis of conflict handling between conservation and use of cultural heritage. 6) A synthesis of the previous WP, adjusting the theoretical model with the empirical findings. 7) A scenario project for Røros. Central outcomes will be: a method to estimate value creation from cultural heritage; establisment of a knowledge base for central and local administration and other actors, especially with regards to the policy perspective “conservation through use".

LAND:  Cultural heritages and value creation. Estimating economic effects of cultural heritage in the city of Røros

To meet the escalating demands for scientific knowledge, to help address human-wildlife conflicts, research activity on large carnivores (LCs) and large herbivores (LHs) has been intense in the last decade in Scandinavia. This research has been available to politicans formulating policy. In the coming years there is a need to to focus on four main areas. (1) Develop tools to help implement policy. (2) Monitor the effect of policy implementation on the conflicts. (3) Place the enormous body of existing kno wledge into a holistic, ecosystem context. (4) Continue the limited collection of field data on certain targetted areas. In order to address these needs we propose a new project that seeks to expand upon the partnerships established in the NFR funded ROSA  project (2000-2004). In this phase the project will contain integrated components on wolves, moose, lynx, roe deer, bears and human dimensions. Integration will occur by examining these species along four conceptual axes. (1) The use of harvest and contr ol in active management which involves collection of LC demographic data and surveys of human attitudes to various management measures. (2) The effects of LC predation on LH populations, and how this is modulated by prey movement and landscape, which requ ires studying LC kill rates and LH mortality. (3) Intraguild interactions between LCs (and human hunters). These elements will be further unified by embracing them within a geographically defined area, the transboundary South Central Scandinavian Ecosyste m (Østlandet & Svealand). The differences between Norwegian and Swedish management systems, in similar landscapes, provides a unique opportunity to study how these different systems affect wildlife populations, human attitudes, and the form of human-wildl ife conflict. We will also examine to what extent management practices in one country affect those in the other. Throughout the project we will interact with managers at all levels from both sides of the border.

LAND: Large carnivores and human communities II: Conserving interacting species in the transboundary south-central Scandinavian ecosystem

One of the major cultural historic asset that hillside and mountain regions in Norway offer is  mountain summer farming (”seter”). Today their owners find themselves in the intersection between several tendencies: agricultural readjustments leading to eit her reduction or discontinuance of mountain summer farming – a developing tourism industry appreciating national heritage products – and expanding areas of modern holiday homes and sport-centres in central mountain regions. The project will analyse the op portunities as well as the threats these important cultural historic areas are facing, and through empirical examples bring forward suggestions towards sustainable use and management. Sustainability reflects a growing concern for the environment. While th e environmental impact of tourism has been given attention for some time, focus is now directed towards an increasing tendency to develop new attractions in former remote mountain areas where the ecological balance as well as a declining tradition of moun tain summer farming needs special consideration. When such vulnerable resources are being redefined according to modern economical opportunities and settings, the planning  process as well as the cultural environments must be scrutinised to add to the ide ntification, understanding and possible solutions to potential subsequent problems which the process of value creation may arise. 
The methods and sources which are being applied, are founded on an interdisciplinary basis (geography, planning, archaeology , ethnology). The results will be published in international journals as well as in user-orientated magazines. Emphasis will be placed on building up international contacts, and an international workshop will be arranged where focus is directed towards en vironmental effects as well as challenges arising when active farming is being combined with tourism.

LAND: Redefining Rural Resources; Local capacity-building in sustainable management of cultural historic environments of mountain summer f

The beneficial, restorative effects of activities and experiences in natural environments are well documented. Since a majority of the population live in urban areas, more attention should be given to the establishment, availability, use, and management o f urban natural areas. Such areas usually include an abundance of remains of former human activities, the result being a landscape or environment where nature and culture are integrated in a mosaic being of large importance for the outdoor activities taki ng place there. In this interdisciplinary project the main aim is to identify relations between quality of life, use patterns, attitudes, preferences, and use-inhibiting factors, and restoration and management of the greenway area along the Alna River in Oslo. This research area has a large variety of natural milieus as well as cultural remains from various historical periods.

Five main foci constitute this project. First, attitudes, preferences, and out door activities of children and adolescents (10-17  yrs.) will be surveyed. Second, these issues will be analysed targeting a representative sample of the adult population in the area, with the additional aim to relate out door experiences and activities to people’s quality of life. Third, a focus will be  on the importance of ethnicity for residential nature-related activities and attitudes, emphasising influences of differential socialisation and culture-specific norms. Fourth, the importance and effects of the information about and existence of historic ally and culturally central sites and events along the river corridor will be measured. Finally, as a synthesis, information collected in these four parts will be related to existing and future landscape planning in the area.

LAND: Down by the riverside: Urban public nature-related attitudes and
activities as a knowledge base for river restoration and management

LAND. The great outdoor experience - what is it, and why is it important?

From production to consumption: New approaches to the rural landscape and implications to policy making, planning and management

LAND. Wolverines in a Changing World

LAND.Grazing facilitation or delayed competition between reindeer and sheep? A multidiciplinary research project for optimal dual-species ..

LAND. Conflicts and sustainability around second home development - The interplay between development factors, landscape changes and ecologi

Agriculture's role as upholder of cultural heritage

LAND. Management of Complexity, Scientific Uncertainty and  Public Participation in Environmental Governance in Nordland and Catalunya

LAND. DEMOTEC-N - Development of a Monitoring System for Cultural Heritage through European Cooperation - The Norwegian project

LAND: Ecosystem Finnmark: Determination of changes in structure and function of an Alpine/low Artic tundra ecosystem. Samfin 154440/720

LAND: Land use and ecosystem function in Norwegian forest landscapes. Samfinansiering 154442/720

LAND. Coastal Sami landscapes: Communities and management regimes in the twenty-first century

Prosjektets hovedtema er endringene som har funnet sted innenfor norsk friluftsliv de siste årene. Særlig ungdom beveger seg bort fra tradisjonelle aktiviteter som bærplukking, innlandsfiske, skiturer i skog og over mot mer moderne aktiviteter som terreng sykling og bruk av alpinanlegg. Disse endringene i aktivitetsmønster ledsages trolig også av endringer i motivene bak friluftslivsutøvelsen i retning av mer spennings- og mestringsrelaterte motiver. Mange av disse endringene innenfor friluftslivet ser ut  til å henge sammen med ulike modernitetsrelaterte endringsprosessene som har preget andre samfunnsområder. 
Prosjektets hovedproblemstilling blir derfor å avklare om endringene i aktivitetsmønster og motivasjon for friluftsliv kan forklares ut fra sentra le modernitetsprosesser som individualisering, refleksivitet og globalisering. 
Prosjektet består av en kvantitativ og en kvalitativ del. Den kvantitative delen blir gjennomført i forbindelse med Statistisk sentralbyrås levekårsundersøkelser som har et ut valg på 5000 respondenter og er representativ for Norges voksne befolkning. Viktige tema er aktivitetsutøvelse, motivasjon for friluftsliv og sosiokulturell bakgrunn. Den kvalitative delen består av 30 dybdeintervjuer av friluftslivsutøvere i alderen 15-2 4 år, og søker å avklare forhold rundt motivasjon for friluftsliv og bakgrunn for valg av friluftslivsaktivitet.

Hva skjer med norsk friluftsliv - en studie av endringsprosesser innen norsk friluftsliv.

Fagmiljøene innen kulturminnevern og skogbruk, har de seinere åra erkjent bestanden av kulturminner i utmark. Fra begynnelsen av 1980-tallet har det vært drevet arkeologisk forskning om agrare kulturminner i utmark. Agrare kulturminner fra forhistorisk ti d, middelalder og nyere tid, kan sammen med andre typer kulturminner danne kulturmiljøer med stor tidsdybde. Ut fra et antall lokaliteter vil prosjektet finne kriterier for hva som definerer og avgrenser et kulturmiljø i skog/utmark og gir det verneverdi.  En vil se på vernekriterienes ideologiske forankring, kulturminnevernets ideologiske basis og forvaltningspraksis. Utmarkas kulturminner forteller om ervervsmessig og etnisk mangfold som overskrider ideen om felles, nasjonal identitet. 
Skogbruket må ta  hensyn til kulturmiljøer i utmark som dekker store arealer produktiv skog og er svært sårbare for mekanisert skogsbruk. Prosjektet vil diskutere forvaltningsstrategier for kulturmiljøer i skog sammen med skogbruk og kulturminneforvaltning. 
Feltmetodikke n hentes fra arkeologi og pollenanalyse. Den arkeologiske feltmetodikken vil bestå av registrering, kartlegging og utgravning. Kartleggingen vil utføres med GPS. Gjennom analyse av skriftlige kilder, er målet å koble beskrivelsene av kulturlandskapets rom lige organisering og eiendomsgrenser fra tingbøkene og matriklene, med konkrete strukturer I landskapet, som agrare kulturminner og topografiske elementer. De vegetasjonshistoriske studiene vil søkes integrert med øvrige kildekategorier i en tverrvitenska pelig tilnærming.

Forvaltning av agrare kulturminner i utmark

Ørekyt har sin naturlige utbredelse begrenset til det sentrale Østlandsområdet og Finnmark, med en liten forekomst i Nord-Trøndelag. Ørekyta har imidlertid i løpet av 1900-tallet (og spesielt de siste tiår) blitt spredd til en rekke nye lokaliteter og omr åder. Denne spredingen anses som uheldig fordi ørekyt kan konkurrere med andre arter (spesielt aure), og kan være vektor for sykdom og parasitter. Spredning av nye arter, spesielt til artsfattige høyfjellsøkosystemer, vil kunne påvirke det biologiske mang foldet der på mange måter. Genetiske metoder kan benyttes til å studere mekanismene bak spredningen av ørekyt og trolig også andre arter som er i aktiv spredning. For å forstå hvordan spredningen har skjedd, og skjer videre, er det nødvendig å fore ta: a)  en Europeisk komparativ studie av ørekyt-genetikk for å finne ut hvorfra den introduserte ørekyten stammer (fylogeografi) og b) en finskala studie, basert på genetiske markører med stor oppløsning, for å stadfeste hvilket opphav den spredte "norske " øre kyten har. I tillegg vil en studere den nært beslektede arten sørv som er i aktiv spredning på sørlandskysten.

STIM-EU-Strat.Instituttsats.EU-prosj

STIM-EU Nordlandsforskning

Tildelt: kr 12,8 mill.

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STIM-EU-Strat.Instituttsats.EU-prosj

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