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The illusion of empty blind zones: How things may seem to appear out of nowhere in magic shows and road accidents

Chronic wasting disease  prions from Norwegian cervids: Assessing the pathogenesis, shedding, spillover and zoonotic potential

(DigiFishent): Digital phenotyping for more feed and resource efficient Atlantic salmon

Ammonia Production via Electrocatalytic Processes (AmPEP)

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Flying less and well-being. Engaging Norwegians in reducing the flight intensity of social practices.

COOLFISH: Forbedret laksehelse og velferd gjennom metabolsk programmering

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Researcher

There is a clear need to produce salmon with high robustness: Fish that both grow fast and have a high level of disease resistance. However, immune function and growth systems in fishes are highly interlinked due to trade-offs in sharing energy; a challenge producing robust salmon. Environmental stress during critical developmental periods can permanently change the physiology and immunology of an organism (metabolic programming). We propose that high embryonic temperatures predispose salmon to reduced immune function and disease later in life.

The COOLFISH project’s primary objective is to define the role and mechanistic basis for programming by embryonic temperature on the development and function of the Atlantic salmon immune system later in life, and exploit this knowledge to enhance fish health, welfare and production. The following questions will be addressed: How is the development of the immune system and the adult immune response affected by embryonic temperature? What are the underlying molecular physiological and epigenetic mechanisms of metabolic programming? Can metabolic programming of immune function be used to enhance robustness to boost welfare and production?

Since the beginning of 2022, a long-term experimental trial has been running at the Aquaculture Research Station in Tromsø. From fertilisation until the ‘eyed-stage’, embryos were exposed to three temperatures, 4°C, 6°C and 8°C (control), and thereafter, they were exposed to a similar temperature profile as the control group. Robustness and immune response of larvae were tested by exposure to a stress test as well as to a bacterial challenge with Yersinia ruckeri, the causative agent of enteric redmouth disease. Currently, the salmon parr are also being exposed to same bacterial agent testing long-term effects of early embryonic programming. Fish will be smoltified and transferred to seawater from early next year. During the various trials samples were obtained, which are currently under analyses to characterise the physiological changes in salmon phenotypes to different embryonic temperature regimes. The new knowledge that will be created can be directly implemented by the industry towards the production of robust fish.

In the Norwegian salmon industry about 20% of fish fail to reach the end of the production line, largely due to infectious diseases indicating impaired immune function. There is thus a clear need to produce salmon with high robustness, i.e. rapid growth coupled to a high level of disease resistance. 
However, immune function and growth systems in fishes are highly interlinked due to trade-offs in energetic allocation; a challenge producing robust salmon. Environmental stress during critical developmental periods can permanently change the physiology and immunology of an organism (metabolic programming). We propose that high embryonic temperatures predisposes salmon to reduced immune function and disease later in life.
This project's primary objective is to define the role and mechanistic basis for programming by embryonic temperature on the development and function of the Atlantic salmon immune system later in life, and exploit this knowledge to enhance fish health, welfare and production. The following questions will be addressed: How is the development of the immune system and the adult immune response affected by embryonic temperature? What are the underlying molecular physiological and epigenetic mechanisms of metabolic programming? Can metabolic programming of immune function be used to enhance robustness to boost welfare and production?
Focusing on the immune system, the COOLFISH project will characterize physiological changes in salmon phenotypes to different embryonic temperature regimes using multi-level (i.e. epigenomic, transcriptomic, single-cell transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and immunological) analyses. This ambitious and multidisciplinary project will provide in-depth knowledge on the physiological and integrated molecular mechanisms driving the interaction between the embryonic rearing environment and immune system function. New knowledge will be created that can be directly implemented by the industry towards the production of robust fish.

COOLFISH: Improving Atlantic salmon health and welfare by metabolic programming

GoNorth - Geosciences in the Northern Arctic - tokt til Nordmarginen av Svalbard i 2022

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GONORTH-Utforske polhavet

GoNorth - Geosciences in the Northern Arctic - tokt til Nordmarginen av Svalbard i 2022

Awarded: NOK 15.0 mill.

Project Period: 2022-2022

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage