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Prosjektbanken presenterer statistikk og informasjon om prosjekter med finansiering fra Forskningsrådet fra 2004. Statistikken er fordelt på blant annet tema, år, geografi og organisasjon. Prosjektbanken gir også detaljert informasjon om de enkelte prosjektene.

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About Prosjektbanken

Utdannings- og forsk

Matematikk og naturvitenskap

Oslo

UoH-sektor

Frittstående prosjekter

Diverse personlige stipend (t.o.m. 2018)

Ingen søknadstype

Reality-Connected Machine Simulation of Heavy Machinery

The RealSim project proposal aims to connect machine simulation to reality in the framework of heavy machinery, which is an interdisciplinary application. The results of this project are expected to optimize machine performance, accurately and reliably predict machine failure, and reduce overall development and operation costs, thus, serving the Europe’s priority of green transformation and the United Nation’s sustainable development goal 9. The RealSim project will close the gaps of: (1) Onboard estimations of force and pressure components of heavy machinery; (2) Estimating deformability, cylinder friction, leakage, and valve dynamics of heavy machinery using independent nonlinear Kalman filters; (3) Employing dependent nonlinear Kalman filters in state estimators of heavy machinery; (4) Tuning algorithms for the covariance matrix of plant noise in the state estimation of heavy machinery. 

I will consolidate and leverage my research career and position as a leading researcher in the field through integration in Assoc. Prof. Mohammad Poursina’s group at the Department of Engineering Sciences of the University of Agder (UiA), Norway. Here, I will acquire hands-on experience of working with actual mechatronic systems and develop efficient control algorithms. I will improve my knowledge of fluid power designing, control theory, instrumentation, and develop efficient coding skills. I will also develop entrepreneurial skills. The skills, knowledge, and international network that I will develop during this fellowship will put me in an excellent position to achieve my long-term goal of becoming a professor with my own independent research group at an esteemed university in EU. This fellowship will help me to prepare a strong ERC Starting Grant application in the future. It will also cater my additional goal of setting-up a research-related start-up in the future.

Algebraic Theory of Information Quantities

Information theory is a discipline at the intersection of statistics, engineering and computer science. As the study of information quantities, such as compression or communication capacities, information content or measures of statistical dependency, it is one of the theoretical underpinnings of data science.

Computational problems in information theory are highly non-linear. The goal of this project is to transfer state-of-the-art methods of computational non-linear algebra to information theory, to study the inherent algebraic complexity of information-theoretical problems and to provide tools for solving them in practice. The algebraic point of view has proven to be fruitful in seemingly unrelated areas, as witnessed by a surge of recent work in algebraic statistics, in particular on likelihood geometry. However, maximizing the likelihood function is the same as minimizing relative entropy — a specific information quantity. Hence, this project also aims at generalizing the techniques developed in likelihood geometry.

One focus is on the practical computation of information quantities using numerical and differential algebraic geometry. Such quantities are defined via non-linear optimization problems and we aim to pinpoint the algebraic complexity of these problems in instances of general interest, such as common information measures. The final objective is finding fundamental laws and limits of data science imposed by non-linear inequalities constraining the entropic region. These inequalities provide, by duality, universal bounds for many of the optimization problems studied in information theory.

WHeelchair Activity Monitoring project (WHAM)

Wheelchair users (WCU) are three to five times more inactive than the general population, leading to a high risk of developing preventable secondary conditions. Although physical activity (PA) guidelines have been specifically developed for WCU, we lack systematic approaches to implement them in practice, as well as valid algorithms to monitor PA change in WCU through sensor-based solutions. Accordingly, the overall scientific aim of the WHeelchair Activity Monitoring project (WHAM) is to advance PA research and practice in WCU by developing valid digital markers for monitoring of and providing feedback on PA, paving the way for implementation and intervention. I will accomplish this through combining the complementary research fields of 1) behavioural intervention studies focusing on increasing PA in WCU (core competence University of British Columbia, UBC; outgoing phase) and 2) sensor-based PA monitoring (core competence Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU; returning phase – consolidated by non-academic placement at Maastricht Instruments, which develop research prototypes including PA monitors). WHAM’s scientific aim is achieved through three objectives: 1) Measure the effect of a pragmatic exercise intervention trial on self-reported physical activity levels and cardio-respiratory fitness, 2) Develop valid algorithms for tracking PA markers in WCU, and 3) Co-create a framework that outlines how PA can be conjointly monitored and provided feedback on in WCU. This fellowship will enable me to become established as an internationally recognized researcher in the field of “physical activity and disability”, while bringing together ongoing national disjointed research activities in this field. Altogether, my overall ambition is to contribute to reducing inequalities in daily-life participation among WCU compared to the rest of the population.

EOSC Beyond: advancing innovation and collaboration for research

EOSC Beyond overall objective is to advance Open Science and innovation in research in the context of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) by providing new EOSC Core capabilities allowing scientific applications to find, compose and access multiple Open Science resources and offer them as integrated capabilities to researchers. To do so, EOSC Beyond supports a new concept of EOSC: a federated and integrated network of Nodes operated at different levels, national, regional, international and thematic, to serve the specific scientific missions of their stakeholders. Further specific objectives of the project are to accelerate ‘time to product’ of new scientific applications with software adapters, enable Open Science with machine composability and dynamic deployment of shared resources, support innovation in EOSC with a testing and integration environment, and align the EOSC Core architecture and specifications to integrate with European dataspaces. The project extends the state of the art of the EOSC Core and adopts a co-design methodology, including requirements elicitation, software development and validation in collaboration with different use cases from EOSC national and regional initiatives (e-Infra CZ, Czechia, NFDI, Germany, and NI4OS, South East Europe region), thematic research infrastructures from Social Sciences and Humanities (CESSDA), Life Sciences (CNB-CSIC and Instruct-ERIC), Environmental Science (ENES and LifeWatch), and Health and Food (METROFood-RI). EOSC Beyond builds on the capacities of prospective EOSC Nodes and partners with multi-annual experience in developing solutions for large-scale federated digital infrastructures and aligns with the technical architecture and requirements of data spaces from different business sectors. Ultimately, EOSC Beyond supports Open Science in modern, data-intensive, and multidisciplinary research, facilitating resource discovery, access, and reuse across scientific communities, organisations, and countries.


Harmonization of Advanced Materials Ecosystems serving strategic Innovation Markets to pave the way to a Digital Materials & Product Passport

The overarching objective of DigiPass is to enhance the digital maturity of the European communities that develop materials and intermediate products. The project will develop recommendations and clear routes toward digitalized circular business models. The overarching key result of DigiPass is to create a sustainable platform which includes support for Digital Materials & Product Passport and for collaborative innovation-by-design processes in a circular economy served by advanced materials. A business model for operating such a platform completes the overarching objective.
DigiPass is harmonizing and synergizing collected materials data sources and digital infrastructures. This will enable interoperability of data exchange, and standardization of advanced materials knowledge representation at all maturity levels. Accelerating the design, development, and production of advanced, safe, and sustainable chemicals and materials, as they are necessary for innovative products, calls for a collaborative approach involving different stakeholders to support durability, repair and overhaul, reuse, and recyclability of products. DigiPass project impacts all materials development communities over the whole circular value chain. 


Enhanced X(cross)-disciplinary Community-driven Imaging Technologies for Earth and Environmental material research

The EXCITE² Network is revolutionizing Earth and environmental material science research by consolidating a critical mass of 18 research facilities in 12 European and associated partner countries into a unified infrastructure and providing transnational access to advanced imaging technologies. This enables scientists to decipher complex processes within Earth materials at scales from nanometres to hundreds of centimetres, gaining unparalleled insight into the chemical and physical processes that govern, among others, environmental toxicity and its impact on human health, critical metal extraction for renewable energies, and the utilisation of Earth materials as long-term storage for climate-altering gases. The consortium fosters knowledge-sharing and talent attraction, bolstering the problem-solving capacity of the European Research Area. Moreover, EXCITE² is driving interdisciplinary collaboration and cross-fertilisation across academic institutions, scientific disciplines, and industry, propelling Europe towards a sustainable future. The initiative offers dedicated training programmes to a new generation of researchers within the European open science landscape, paired with access to world-class imaging facilities and expertise for problem-solving research and innovation. EXCITE² is introducing innovative service developments, such as artificial intelligence and leading-edge imaging experiments, to increase the user's problem-solving capacity. In addition, the consortium is implementing customised project valorisation strategies to maximize the impact of research outcomes in academia, society, and the economy. Citizen science projects allow the public to participate directly within the EXCITE² Network, contributing to solving EU challenges. As such, EXCITE² is paving the way towards a sustainable future, driving scientific excellence, and creating positive societal impact.

Engineering carbon quantum dots for zinc ion hybrid capacitors

Zinc ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) integrate two energy storage mechanisms of battery-type electrode and capacitive electrode, bearing the advantages in energy density, power density, and safety. Until now, the cycle retention rate of ZIHC's capacity reported is still not more than 80%, restricting its development and commercial application severely. Focusing on the issue, the project aims at overcoming the limitation of traditional electrode materials and re-defining the designing concept to construct Carbon Quantum Dots (C-QDs) for ZIHCs. Advanced methods will be used to harvest carbon quantum dots from coal tar pitch (a sort of industrial solid castoff). The bulk sp2-carbon network, innumerable edge sites, profuse surface functional groups, and regular size ensures that as-synthesis C-QDs have high electrical conductivity, sufficient ion transport channels and rich adsorption sites. Moreover, the new concept of dynamic evolution is introduced for insight into the structure and interface failure of ZIHC's electrode. The interface-reconstruction mechanism and the attenuation model of capacity will be established for the first time. Further, the methods to strengthen structures of C-QD electrode will be developed based on a trade-off strategy. The ultimate goal is to improve the energy storage efficiency of ZIHCs by 20% and to increase their cycle performance more than 95% unprecedentedly. This research will develop long-running high performance ZIHCs, for contributing European energy storage industry. The ER will achieve abundant research experience and scientific skills from the project and the capability to launch her own research group in future.

IMProving User experience, Long-term sustainability and Services of EU-OPENSCREEN

EU-OPENSCREEN (EU-OS), the distributed European Research Infrastructure for Chemical Biology and early drug discovery, provides world-class services in high-throughput compound screening and medicinal chemistry to users from academia and industry. As one of the largest open-access initiative globally, EU-OPENSCREEN plays an increasingly important role in facilitating early stage drug discovery in Europe. It recently integrated fragment-based drug discovery and chemoproteomics as two new services, but the increasing complexity of modern drug discovery projects requires an even more comprehensive portfolio and integration of emerging technologies. To ensure that EU-OS continues to offer a comprehensive suite of relevant services and support a growing user community to conduct forefront research, IMPULSE will develop, validate and integrate new services in AI/ML, new chemical modalities, and innovative disease-relevant cell models combined with CRISPR-Cas9/RNAi-based genetic screening. IMPULSE will work towards the implementation of common operational and data standards to increase data reproducibility and FAIRness. Bespoke outreach and training activities will raise awareness among key user groups of its new services and advance operational excellence and reproducibility in pre-clinical drug discovery. New models for pre-competitive drug discovery with industry or charities, and growing ERIC member community will reinforce the sustainability and accessibility of EU-OPENSCREEN.

Aqua Research Infrastructure Services for the health and protection of our unique, oceans, seas and freshwater ecosystems

AQUARIUS will provide a highly comprehensive suite of integrated research infrastructures appropriate to addressing significant challenges for the long-term sustainability of our unique oceans, seas and freshwater ecosystems. For the first time, diverse research infrastructures will be combined to facilitate the work of researchers and key stakeholders focused on challenges and opportunities for both marine and freshwater systems. An impressive range of 57 research infrastructure services will be made available to include research vessels, mobile marine observation platforms, aircraft,  drones, satellite, sensors, fixed freshwater and marine observatories and test sites, experimental facilities, and sophisticated data infrastructures. AQUARIUS will support the development phase of the EU Mission to Restore our Ocean and waters by 2030, the Sustainable Blue Economy Partnership, the European Green Deal, and international climate initiatives. It will also be an essential component in achieving the European Digital Twin of the Ocean and the UN Decade for Ocean Sciences. The needs of researchers will be met through a robust and transparent system of transnational access funding Calls, facilitated by centralised user-friendly access portal. The Call programme will be informed through stakeholder engagement and brokerage events. Projects to be selected for Access must convincingly integrate multiple infrastructures and contribute to the core policy objectives of Mission Ocean, that is, to protect and restore marine and freshwater ecosystems and biodiversity; to prevent and eliminate pollution of our oceans, seas and waters; and to ensure a sustainable, carbon-neutral and circular blue economy. A thematic and geographic focus will be the hallmark of the proposed transnational Calls, aligning with the Lighthouse Regions, that is, the Baltic and the North Sea Basins, Black Sea, Atlantic/Arctic, and Mediterranean Sea along with their associated rivers.

EOSC-ENTRUST: A European Network of TRUSTed research environments

The mission of EOSC-ENTRUST is to create a European network of trusted research environments for sensitive data and to drive European interoperability by joint development of a common blueprint for federated data access and analysis. 
Countries and institutions have made significant investments in secure and trusted data environments to meet the need for research and policy-driven analysis of sensitive datasets such as people's health and socio-economic status, the habitats of vulnerable species and geo-spatial locations of protected sites. There are now a large number of such secure environments in operation - linked to national centres, individual organisations or specific research communities. This fragmented landscape poses challenges for both users and providers: researchers are faced with a large number of different systems and access procedures; providers need to manage federated access across multiple, potentially incompatible, technology and governance frameworks.
EOSC-ENTRUST brings together providers of operational Trusted Research Environments from 15 European countries with a shared goal to implement, validate and promote their capabilities through a common European framework using shared standards and common legal, operational and technical language. This blueprint for interoperability is anchored in the EOSC Interoperability Framework spanning the four dimensions of Legal, Organisational, Technical and Semantic interoperability. EOSC-ENTRUST has identified four driver projects covering Genomics, Clinical trials, Social science, and public-private partnerships to benchmark capabilities, inform blueprint design and demonstrate secure  data analysis using federated workflows.
Targeted outreach activities will expand this open network with further providers and develop policy papers and guidelines for the full range of stakeholders to create a long-term operational TRE framework within the European Open Science Cloud.


Ny kaskadeteknologi for optimal utnyttelse av animalske og marine biprodukter

Midlene fra BIONÆR-Bionæringsprogram fordelt på år

Midlene fra BIONÆR-Bionæringsprogram fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra BIONÆR-Bionæringsprogram fordelt på fagområde

Senior Scientist

Cod heads and poultry carcasses are underutilized by-products with a complex composition consisting of proteins, fats, minerals, and other nutrients of high nutritional value that can be utilized for a globally growing population. In recent years, enzymatic protein hydrolysis (EPH) has gained significant attention as a versatile processing technology of animal and marine by-products. Currently, this technology cannot take full advantage of the multitude of components in the by-products. In Notably, we have developed novel multistep bioprocessing approaches for solving this challenge. 

The chemical similarity between cod heads and poultry carcasses is first and foremost related to protein composition and high contents of collagen. Thus, a main emphasis in the project has been related to developing bioprocesses to separate collagen from typical muscle proteins. For poultry carcasses, we have screened over 20 different commercial food grade enzymes to be able to choose enzymes with specific actions towards either collagen or muscle proteins, and we have been able to select two enzymes that show these characteristics. Poultry collagen has some unique features due to its high thermostability and high melting point. We have shown that this knowledge can be used together with the selected enzymes to separate the different protein classes in the poultry carcasses. By running a sequence of EPH reactions and adjusting enzymes used, temperatures and reaction times, we were able to produce separate fractions rich in muscle peptides and collagen peptides, respectively. This approach has been validated both in laboratory and in a pilot scale demonstration. In this way, we have developed a novel process where four fractions can be taken out from poultry carcasses: lipids, muscle peptides, collagen peptides, and a mineral rich sediment. For cod heads, a similar screening of enzymes as described for poultry carcasses has been performed, and other enzymes have been identified as promising targets for cascade processing.   

With the application of optimal control of EPH in mind, the simulation work of Notably has focused mainly on the forward model part of process optimization. Using classical models based on partial differential equations, we have developed a framework for establishing parameter-robust preconditioners for a broad class of coupled multiphysics systems. The solvers established within the proposed framework ensure that the solution time stays roughly constant regardless of the parameters of the model. Using a data-driven modelling approach we have obtained convolutional encoder-decoder networks which predict future FTIR spectra, continuously in time, based on initial conditions from the early stages of EPH. These network models present a first step towards purely data-driven forward models suitable for EPH optimization.      

By immobilizing enzymes on magnetic particles, the enzymes can be extracted and reused in the EPH process by magnetic separation of the particles. Different immobilization strategies were developed for covalent attachment of the protease Subtilisin A, and the enzyme-functionalized particles were shown to be reusable over more than six cycles, with more than 80 percent of the initial activity retained after more than two years' storage for the best systems. The concept of reusability was demonstrated for hydrolysis of chicken meat and turkey tendons. The best-case immobilization strategy was used to immobilize two other enzymes, demonstrating enzymatic activity of the resulting particles. Bromelain-functionalized magnetic particles were implemented in a multistep enzymatic protein hydrolysis of turkey residue, showing clear differences in the molecular weight distribution of the resulting hydrolysates compared to free enzyme. In parallel to immobilization, encapsulation of enzymes was investigated to potentially control the time of release, thereby being able to allow for sequential introduction of enzymes throughout the EPH process. Alginate was determined to be the most versatile and scalable material for enzyme encapsulation. Our results show that it is possible to produce a temperature-responsive lipid coating on the enzyme-loaded alginate capsules that can be used to release the enzyme into the reaction mixture upon a slight temperature increase.

A prerequisite for process optimization and control of cascade bioprocesses is rapid analytical tools for characterisation of the unit operations. In Notably, the development of these tools has been performed in parallel to bioprocess development. We have developed new possibilities for raw material characterization based on Raman spectroscopy. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has been developed as a rapid technique for quantifying the degree of protein breakdown, collagen contents and thus essential product characteristics from the bioprocesses.

Annually, large quantities of by-products are produced from the animal and marine food processing industry. Cod heads and mechanically deboned poultry residues are two of the most underutilized by-products in Norway. These by-products are complex materials consisting of components such as proteins, fats, minerals, and other nutrients of high nutritional value for a globally growing population. If successfully processed into refined and tailor-made products, there is a great economic potential for high-paying markets. The proteins alone has an estimated 25 to 65% increase in sale price if processed optimally, as compared to the raw material. In recent years, enzymatic protein hydrolysis (EPH) have gained significant attention as a mild and versatile processing technology of animal and marine by-products. However, currently this technology cannot be used to take full advantage of the multitude of components in the by-products. In this project, we will develop a novel cascade bioprocessing technology that will solve this challenge. The cascade will constitute a combination of several different processing steps, each one aimed at giving separate products with the highest possible yield and quality. To be able to achieve this goal, we will combine research from several different scientific disciplines, namely bioprocessing and enzyme stabilization technologies, computer simulation and modelling, spectroscopy and analytical chemistry. By adopting the cascade bioprocessing technology, potential products from the cascade bioprocess can be formulated into a multitude of refined high-quality products for high-paying markets. To our knowledge, there are currently no companies in the world using cascade bioprocessing to facilitate full utilization of marine and animal-based by-products. In the future, our industrial partners and the rest of the by-product processing industry will have the desired technological for total utilisation and optimal value-creation of by-products.

Novel cascade technology for optimal utilization of animal and marine by-products

Thin surface films cover large areas of the ocean surface. They are of biogenic as well as of antropogenic origin,i.e. chemical breakdown of dead organisms or petroleum spills from ships or offshore industry. Such films have a profound influence on the sh ort surface wave climate of the ocean. The elasticity of the film gives rise to Marangoni waves, which essentially are longitudinal waves. Marangoni waves act as a sink of energy for short capillary-gravity waves when their frequencies coincide. They also  induce a mean mass transport near the surface that can redistribute the material of the soluble part of the surface surfactant. The presence of films inhibits the generation of short wind waves at the sea surface. The wave growth rate and the induced wind wave spectrum do depend on the properties of the film. This problem is very important for the understanding of the momentum tra nsfer from the atmosphere to the ocean. It is also directly related to the interpretation of satellite data with the aim to obtain better estimates for the sea surface roughness. This in turn yields more accurate estimates for the wind stress at the sea s urface, and hence a more reliable wind forcing input for large-scale ocean circulation models.

Effect of longitudial Marangoni waves on the surface wave signature of a film covered ocean

The fact that friction significantly modifies long barotropic waves was first demonstrated by Sverdrup (1927) and Fjeldstad (1929) in their analyses of the semi-diurnal tides on the North Siberian Shelf. Features such as reduced phase speed, decreasing am plitude as the waves progress and phase lag between maximum current and high water were found to result from the effect of friction. For this reason, long, friction-modified barotropic waves in a rotating viscous ocean are often referred to as Sverdrup wa ves.                                    The mean mass transport in Sverdrup waves is a non-linear phenomenon and it is confined to the viscous boundary layer at the sea bottom. Here friction is the source of mean secondary vorticity. The associated mean m otion in the bottom layer result from abalance between the viscous force and the Coriolis force. Also Sverdrup waves along the interface separating lighter and heavier water (baroclinc Sverdrup waves) will induce a mean mass transport in the bottom bounda ry layer. The non-linear, mean mass transport in Sverdrup waves will be investigated both analytically and numerically. In particular, it is focused on how these currents depend on the modelling of the bottom turbulence. The ability of these currents to t ransport b ottom sediments in supension is addressed, and the consequences for offshore engineering activities at the ocean bottom are discussed.

0 projects

F-GEO-Naturvitenskap, geofag

Effect of longitudial Marangoni waves on the surface wave signature of a film covered ocean

Awarded: NOK 1.6 mill.

Project Period: 2002-2005

Location: Oslo

F-GEO-Naturvitenskap, geofag

Mass transport in free barotropic and baroclinic Sverdrup waves in a viscous rotating ocean

Awarded: NOK 1.5 mill.

Project Period: 2001-2004

Location: Oslo