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Reality-Connected Machine Simulation of Heavy Machinery

The RealSim project proposal aims to connect machine simulation to reality in the framework of heavy machinery, which is an interdisciplinary application. The results of this project are expected to optimize machine performance, accurately and reliably predict machine failure, and reduce overall development and operation costs, thus, serving the Europe’s priority of green transformation and the United Nation’s sustainable development goal 9. The RealSim project will close the gaps of: (1) Onboard estimations of force and pressure components of heavy machinery; (2) Estimating deformability, cylinder friction, leakage, and valve dynamics of heavy machinery using independent nonlinear Kalman filters; (3) Employing dependent nonlinear Kalman filters in state estimators of heavy machinery; (4) Tuning algorithms for the covariance matrix of plant noise in the state estimation of heavy machinery. 

I will consolidate and leverage my research career and position as a leading researcher in the field through integration in Assoc. Prof. Mohammad Poursina’s group at the Department of Engineering Sciences of the University of Agder (UiA), Norway. Here, I will acquire hands-on experience of working with actual mechatronic systems and develop efficient control algorithms. I will improve my knowledge of fluid power designing, control theory, instrumentation, and develop efficient coding skills. I will also develop entrepreneurial skills. The skills, knowledge, and international network that I will develop during this fellowship will put me in an excellent position to achieve my long-term goal of becoming a professor with my own independent research group at an esteemed university in EU. This fellowship will help me to prepare a strong ERC Starting Grant application in the future. It will also cater my additional goal of setting-up a research-related start-up in the future.

Algebraic Theory of Information Quantities

Information theory is a discipline at the intersection of statistics, engineering and computer science. As the study of information quantities, such as compression or communication capacities, information content or measures of statistical dependency, it is one of the theoretical underpinnings of data science.

Computational problems in information theory are highly non-linear. The goal of this project is to transfer state-of-the-art methods of computational non-linear algebra to information theory, to study the inherent algebraic complexity of information-theoretical problems and to provide tools for solving them in practice. The algebraic point of view has proven to be fruitful in seemingly unrelated areas, as witnessed by a surge of recent work in algebraic statistics, in particular on likelihood geometry. However, maximizing the likelihood function is the same as minimizing relative entropy — a specific information quantity. Hence, this project also aims at generalizing the techniques developed in likelihood geometry.

One focus is on the practical computation of information quantities using numerical and differential algebraic geometry. Such quantities are defined via non-linear optimization problems and we aim to pinpoint the algebraic complexity of these problems in instances of general interest, such as common information measures. The final objective is finding fundamental laws and limits of data science imposed by non-linear inequalities constraining the entropic region. These inequalities provide, by duality, universal bounds for many of the optimization problems studied in information theory.

WHeelchair Activity Monitoring project (WHAM)

Wheelchair users (WCU) are three to five times more inactive than the general population, leading to a high risk of developing preventable secondary conditions. Although physical activity (PA) guidelines have been specifically developed for WCU, we lack systematic approaches to implement them in practice, as well as valid algorithms to monitor PA change in WCU through sensor-based solutions. Accordingly, the overall scientific aim of the WHeelchair Activity Monitoring project (WHAM) is to advance PA research and practice in WCU by developing valid digital markers for monitoring of and providing feedback on PA, paving the way for implementation and intervention. I will accomplish this through combining the complementary research fields of 1) behavioural intervention studies focusing on increasing PA in WCU (core competence University of British Columbia, UBC; outgoing phase) and 2) sensor-based PA monitoring (core competence Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU; returning phase – consolidated by non-academic placement at Maastricht Instruments, which develop research prototypes including PA monitors). WHAM’s scientific aim is achieved through three objectives: 1) Measure the effect of a pragmatic exercise intervention trial on self-reported physical activity levels and cardio-respiratory fitness, 2) Develop valid algorithms for tracking PA markers in WCU, and 3) Co-create a framework that outlines how PA can be conjointly monitored and provided feedback on in WCU. This fellowship will enable me to become established as an internationally recognized researcher in the field of “physical activity and disability”, while bringing together ongoing national disjointed research activities in this field. Altogether, my overall ambition is to contribute to reducing inequalities in daily-life participation among WCU compared to the rest of the population.

EOSC Beyond: advancing innovation and collaboration for research

EOSC Beyond overall objective is to advance Open Science and innovation in research in the context of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) by providing new EOSC Core capabilities allowing scientific applications to find, compose and access multiple Open Science resources and offer them as integrated capabilities to researchers. To do so, EOSC Beyond supports a new concept of EOSC: a federated and integrated network of Nodes operated at different levels, national, regional, international and thematic, to serve the specific scientific missions of their stakeholders. Further specific objectives of the project are to accelerate ‘time to product’ of new scientific applications with software adapters, enable Open Science with machine composability and dynamic deployment of shared resources, support innovation in EOSC with a testing and integration environment, and align the EOSC Core architecture and specifications to integrate with European dataspaces. The project extends the state of the art of the EOSC Core and adopts a co-design methodology, including requirements elicitation, software development and validation in collaboration with different use cases from EOSC national and regional initiatives (e-Infra CZ, Czechia, NFDI, Germany, and NI4OS, South East Europe region), thematic research infrastructures from Social Sciences and Humanities (CESSDA), Life Sciences (CNB-CSIC and Instruct-ERIC), Environmental Science (ENES and LifeWatch), and Health and Food (METROFood-RI). EOSC Beyond builds on the capacities of prospective EOSC Nodes and partners with multi-annual experience in developing solutions for large-scale federated digital infrastructures and aligns with the technical architecture and requirements of data spaces from different business sectors. Ultimately, EOSC Beyond supports Open Science in modern, data-intensive, and multidisciplinary research, facilitating resource discovery, access, and reuse across scientific communities, organisations, and countries.


Harmonization of Advanced Materials Ecosystems serving strategic Innovation Markets to pave the way to a Digital Materials & Product Passport

The overarching objective of DigiPass is to enhance the digital maturity of the European communities that develop materials and intermediate products. The project will develop recommendations and clear routes toward digitalized circular business models. The overarching key result of DigiPass is to create a sustainable platform which includes support for Digital Materials & Product Passport and for collaborative innovation-by-design processes in a circular economy served by advanced materials. A business model for operating such a platform completes the overarching objective.
DigiPass is harmonizing and synergizing collected materials data sources and digital infrastructures. This will enable interoperability of data exchange, and standardization of advanced materials knowledge representation at all maturity levels. Accelerating the design, development, and production of advanced, safe, and sustainable chemicals and materials, as they are necessary for innovative products, calls for a collaborative approach involving different stakeholders to support durability, repair and overhaul, reuse, and recyclability of products. DigiPass project impacts all materials development communities over the whole circular value chain. 


Enhanced X(cross)-disciplinary Community-driven Imaging Technologies for Earth and Environmental material research

The EXCITE² Network is revolutionizing Earth and environmental material science research by consolidating a critical mass of 18 research facilities in 12 European and associated partner countries into a unified infrastructure and providing transnational access to advanced imaging technologies. This enables scientists to decipher complex processes within Earth materials at scales from nanometres to hundreds of centimetres, gaining unparalleled insight into the chemical and physical processes that govern, among others, environmental toxicity and its impact on human health, critical metal extraction for renewable energies, and the utilisation of Earth materials as long-term storage for climate-altering gases. The consortium fosters knowledge-sharing and talent attraction, bolstering the problem-solving capacity of the European Research Area. Moreover, EXCITE² is driving interdisciplinary collaboration and cross-fertilisation across academic institutions, scientific disciplines, and industry, propelling Europe towards a sustainable future. The initiative offers dedicated training programmes to a new generation of researchers within the European open science landscape, paired with access to world-class imaging facilities and expertise for problem-solving research and innovation. EXCITE² is introducing innovative service developments, such as artificial intelligence and leading-edge imaging experiments, to increase the user's problem-solving capacity. In addition, the consortium is implementing customised project valorisation strategies to maximize the impact of research outcomes in academia, society, and the economy. Citizen science projects allow the public to participate directly within the EXCITE² Network, contributing to solving EU challenges. As such, EXCITE² is paving the way towards a sustainable future, driving scientific excellence, and creating positive societal impact.

Engineering carbon quantum dots for zinc ion hybrid capacitors

Zinc ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) integrate two energy storage mechanisms of battery-type electrode and capacitive electrode, bearing the advantages in energy density, power density, and safety. Until now, the cycle retention rate of ZIHC's capacity reported is still not more than 80%, restricting its development and commercial application severely. Focusing on the issue, the project aims at overcoming the limitation of traditional electrode materials and re-defining the designing concept to construct Carbon Quantum Dots (C-QDs) for ZIHCs. Advanced methods will be used to harvest carbon quantum dots from coal tar pitch (a sort of industrial solid castoff). The bulk sp2-carbon network, innumerable edge sites, profuse surface functional groups, and regular size ensures that as-synthesis C-QDs have high electrical conductivity, sufficient ion transport channels and rich adsorption sites. Moreover, the new concept of dynamic evolution is introduced for insight into the structure and interface failure of ZIHC's electrode. The interface-reconstruction mechanism and the attenuation model of capacity will be established for the first time. Further, the methods to strengthen structures of C-QD electrode will be developed based on a trade-off strategy. The ultimate goal is to improve the energy storage efficiency of ZIHCs by 20% and to increase their cycle performance more than 95% unprecedentedly. This research will develop long-running high performance ZIHCs, for contributing European energy storage industry. The ER will achieve abundant research experience and scientific skills from the project and the capability to launch her own research group in future.

IMProving User experience, Long-term sustainability and Services of EU-OPENSCREEN

EU-OPENSCREEN (EU-OS), the distributed European Research Infrastructure for Chemical Biology and early drug discovery, provides world-class services in high-throughput compound screening and medicinal chemistry to users from academia and industry. As one of the largest open-access initiative globally, EU-OPENSCREEN plays an increasingly important role in facilitating early stage drug discovery in Europe. It recently integrated fragment-based drug discovery and chemoproteomics as two new services, but the increasing complexity of modern drug discovery projects requires an even more comprehensive portfolio and integration of emerging technologies. To ensure that EU-OS continues to offer a comprehensive suite of relevant services and support a growing user community to conduct forefront research, IMPULSE will develop, validate and integrate new services in AI/ML, new chemical modalities, and innovative disease-relevant cell models combined with CRISPR-Cas9/RNAi-based genetic screening. IMPULSE will work towards the implementation of common operational and data standards to increase data reproducibility and FAIRness. Bespoke outreach and training activities will raise awareness among key user groups of its new services and advance operational excellence and reproducibility in pre-clinical drug discovery. New models for pre-competitive drug discovery with industry or charities, and growing ERIC member community will reinforce the sustainability and accessibility of EU-OPENSCREEN.

Aqua Research Infrastructure Services for the health and protection of our unique, oceans, seas and freshwater ecosystems

AQUARIUS will provide a highly comprehensive suite of integrated research infrastructures appropriate to addressing significant challenges for the long-term sustainability of our unique oceans, seas and freshwater ecosystems. For the first time, diverse research infrastructures will be combined to facilitate the work of researchers and key stakeholders focused on challenges and opportunities for both marine and freshwater systems. An impressive range of 57 research infrastructure services will be made available to include research vessels, mobile marine observation platforms, aircraft,  drones, satellite, sensors, fixed freshwater and marine observatories and test sites, experimental facilities, and sophisticated data infrastructures. AQUARIUS will support the development phase of the EU Mission to Restore our Ocean and waters by 2030, the Sustainable Blue Economy Partnership, the European Green Deal, and international climate initiatives. It will also be an essential component in achieving the European Digital Twin of the Ocean and the UN Decade for Ocean Sciences. The needs of researchers will be met through a robust and transparent system of transnational access funding Calls, facilitated by centralised user-friendly access portal. The Call programme will be informed through stakeholder engagement and brokerage events. Projects to be selected for Access must convincingly integrate multiple infrastructures and contribute to the core policy objectives of Mission Ocean, that is, to protect and restore marine and freshwater ecosystems and biodiversity; to prevent and eliminate pollution of our oceans, seas and waters; and to ensure a sustainable, carbon-neutral and circular blue economy. A thematic and geographic focus will be the hallmark of the proposed transnational Calls, aligning with the Lighthouse Regions, that is, the Baltic and the North Sea Basins, Black Sea, Atlantic/Arctic, and Mediterranean Sea along with their associated rivers.

EOSC-ENTRUST: A European Network of TRUSTed research environments

The mission of EOSC-ENTRUST is to create a European network of trusted research environments for sensitive data and to drive European interoperability by joint development of a common blueprint for federated data access and analysis. 
Countries and institutions have made significant investments in secure and trusted data environments to meet the need for research and policy-driven analysis of sensitive datasets such as people's health and socio-economic status, the habitats of vulnerable species and geo-spatial locations of protected sites. There are now a large number of such secure environments in operation - linked to national centres, individual organisations or specific research communities. This fragmented landscape poses challenges for both users and providers: researchers are faced with a large number of different systems and access procedures; providers need to manage federated access across multiple, potentially incompatible, technology and governance frameworks.
EOSC-ENTRUST brings together providers of operational Trusted Research Environments from 15 European countries with a shared goal to implement, validate and promote their capabilities through a common European framework using shared standards and common legal, operational and technical language. This blueprint for interoperability is anchored in the EOSC Interoperability Framework spanning the four dimensions of Legal, Organisational, Technical and Semantic interoperability. EOSC-ENTRUST has identified four driver projects covering Genomics, Clinical trials, Social science, and public-private partnerships to benchmark capabilities, inform blueprint design and demonstrate secure  data analysis using federated workflows.
Targeted outreach activities will expand this open network with further providers and develop policy papers and guidelines for the full range of stakeholders to create a long-term operational TRE framework within the European Open Science Cloud.


DustDetect - System for støvdeteksjon

Midlene fra BIA-Brukerstyrt innovasjonsarena fordelt på år

Midlene fra BIA-Brukerstyrt innovasjonsarena fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra BIA-Brukerstyrt innovasjonsarena fordelt på fagområde

Research Scientist

Prosessindustrien i Norge har et stort fokus på å redusere synlig støv i form av diffuse utslipp fra sine aktiviteter. Dette er utslipp som kommer ut av tak og vegger i bygningene ved ulike aktiviteter. Dette støvet blir ikke fanget opp av filteranlegg i bedriftene. Man har god kontroll på renset utslipp som går ut gjennom piper, både i konsentrasjon og mengde pr. år da det finnes utstyr og metoder for verifisering for denne type utslipp. Måling av diffuse utslipp er mere utfordrende, da det ikke finnes anbefalte metoder, standarder eller utstyr som kan gi gode målinger. Det er ofte store variasjoner både i konsentrasjon og varighet som følge av prosessvariasjoner og værforhold. I dag blir ofte innrapportering av diffuse utslipp fra en bedrift basert på beregninger basert på få enkeltmålinger. 
Man opplever også et større søkelys på diffuse utslipp fra forurensningsmyndighetene med krav til bedre dokumentasjon og ytterligere reduksjon av det diffuse utslippet. Ønske om bedring av luftkvaliteten er også en faktor. Denne type utslipp er godt synlige og har derfor betydning for bedriftens anseelse i lokalmiljøet. For prosessindustrien er kontinuerlige målinger viktige for å dokumentere utvikling og identifisere forbedringsmuligheter. Dette vil gi positive effekter for lokalbefolkningen, bedre utbytte av råvarer og bedre prosesskontroll.
Utstyret som blir utviklet og metodene for verifisering kan benyttes på de fleste smelteverk både i Norge og i utlandet. NEO Monitors vil gjennom dette prosjektet utvikle utstyr for kontinuerlig måling av diffuse utslipp. Verifiseringen skal gjennomføres av SINTEF Norlab. Elkem er prosjekteier, og partnerne i prosjektet er store aktører innenfor norsk prosessindustri: Finnfjord, Celsa Armeringsstål, Ferroglobe Mangan Norge and Eramet Norway. Forskningspartnere er SINTEF Industri og SINTEF Helgeland.
Det er bygd opp en pilotrigg for måling av støv og avgassmengder fra Elkem Rana der det er benyttet eksisterende måleteknologi. Denne riggen er nå i full drift. Denne skal også benyttes i forbindelse med felttesting av den nye teknologien.  Gjennomførte og kommende verifikasjonsmålinger av dette måleutstyret gir viktig input til nye laserteknologien som er under utvikling i prosjektet. Analysearbeidet fremover ventes å få fram anbefalte målestrategier og gjennomføring av verifikasjonsmålinger i felt, samt en bedre forståelse av sammenheng mellom utslipp av støv og prosessvariasjoner.

The process industry has long been associated with visible emissions that may affects local air quality. The purpose of the project is to develop a reliable system for continuously detection and quantification of diffuse dust emissions from the process industry. Diffuse dust emissions are defined as emissions which do not pass through the controlled stacks, ducts or other monitored channels, eg. ventilation from buildings, openings in walls and ceilings. In the years to come, the process industry must document that the dust concentration is within an acceptable level. 
The project consortium consist of a supplier who will develop a certified laser for continuous monitoring of diffuse emissions, a supplier who will develop calibrating methods for quality assurance and industrial partners who want to monitor and document effect of process improvements. Direct feedback from online-emission surveillance system will also give critical information to enable further reduction of dust emissions.  
The consortium consists of following partners: Elkem (project owner), NEO Monitors (equipment), SINTEF Norlab (verification) and other partners from the process industries: Finnfjord, Celsa Armeringsstål, Ferroglobe Mangan Norge and Eramet Norway. The research partners are SINTEF Industry and SINTEF Helgeland.  
The equipment deliverer will sell this product worldwide.  

R&D challenges:
-Develop a sensor suitable for the variation dust characterization.
-Large variations in e.g. concentration, emitting areas, building design, time of emission etc. among the companies.
-Challenging facilities at the smelters, old and complex buildings with limited access.
-Constant monitoring requires calibration and verification. Need for verification method with alternative sampling and measuring technique.
-Complex to do measurements outdoor with varying weather conditions.

DustDetect - Dust Detection System

Prosjektet 'After the Black Death' (ABD) ble lansert i 2010 og finansiert fra midten av 2014 til slutten av 2018. Finansieringen bidro til at et internasjonalt nettverk kunne fokusere på sen-middelalder alterskap og skulpturer fra norske kirker. Spesielt på ca. 25 gjenstander som har blitt kategorisert som import fra Nord-Tyskland til Norge fra den første pestbølgen (1349) til Reformasjonens første år fra 1536.
Utgangspunktet var den problematiske 'import'-kategorien og den første teorien fra 1878 som hevdet at det overlevde for få håndverkere etter Svartedauden til å dekke den fortsatte etterspørselen etter religiøse gjenstander. I stedet bidro angivelig nord-tyske og nederlandske handelsmenn til å fylle dette tomrommet ved å levere slike gjenstander til norske kirker, noe som både skadet og ekskluderte lokale krefter. Under Nasjonalromatikken ble tanker om tap innarbeidet i negative ideer om Hanseatiske kjøpmenn. Gjenstandene som har blitt studert i ABD-prosjektet har derfor blitt knyttet mer til 'Norges 400-årsnatt' enn til nasjonale narrativer, på tross av sistnevntes betydning for norsk kulturarv (Streeton 2014; 2016/17; 2018; Ebert 2019).
ABD-prosjektet har fått konservatorer, naturvitere og historikere til å endre tolkningene av disse gjenstandene. Samarbeidende forskningsgrupper har undersøkt omstendighetene rundt produksjonen av gjenstander i Oslo og Bergen i løpet av Senmiddelalderen, noe som har gitt grunnlag for å tolke gjenstandenes skader og forandringer på nytt. Undersøkelsene fokuserte først på original form, farge og glans for å finne ut når og hvordan gjenstandenes individuelle og vesentligste bestanddeler ble laget. Dendrokronologi har indikert dateringer av gjenstandenes strukturelle deler i tillegg til treverkets fellingssteder (Daly and Streeton 2017), mens analytisk fotografering og kjemiske analyser har gitt vesentlige data for å fastsette både komposisjon og nedbrytning av gjenstandenes farger og forgyllinger. Dette arbeidet etablerte først og fremst at 'import'-kategorien er altfor enkel, nettopp fordi mange verksteder både i Norge og utenfor må ha vært ansvarlige for å produsere mange ulike deler av disse gjenstandene og i løpet flere tiår (Daly and Streeton 2017; Streeton et al. 2018; under publisering). Samtidig som at verksteder i Nord-Tyskland uten tvil var ansvarlige for produksjonen av noen av delene i de sammensatte alterskapene er det sannsynlig at mange andre deler ble fraktet, særlig til Bergen. Deretter ble gjenstandene montert og ferdigstilt ved ankomst. Derfor er merkelapper som 'nord-tysk' og 'norsk' unyttige fordi stedene for denne produksjonen både var komplekse i sin sammensetting samt multinasjonale.
Materialbasert forskning har oppklart mekanismene bak nedbrytningsprosessene for kobbergrønne og bly-baserte oljemalinger, for eksempel på slike gjenstander i kystnære kirker (Platania et al. 2018). Blant funnene har det nå blitt tydelig at metall-såper kan forandre sin mineralisering i oljefarger, noe som ytterligere kompliserer tolkningene av originale komponenter og mer enn tidligere antatt (Platania et al. under publisering). I tillegg har undersøkelsene av noen av gjenstandenes bærende underlag (treverk) samt senere reparasjoner og overmalinger bidratt til å forandre gamle kunsthistoriske narrativer (Ebert 2019).
Utover dette har ABDs studier av originale materialer, fragmentering og nedbrytning gitt anledning til å stille nye spørsmål som igjen har åpnet opp for ytterligere undersøkelser om hvordan soknebarna har opplevd disse kirkegjenstandene gjennom hundrevis av år og om hvilken plass de kan ha hatt i deres daglige tilværelse. For eksempel gjennom fysiske spor som gjentatt berøring samt nøytralisering og skjending som nå kan 'leses' sammen med historiske og rettslige dokumenter (Streeton 2017; under publisering). Spesielle bevis som skamfering av neser sammenlignet med spesifikke avstraffelses-metoder funnet i Norske lover gir støtte til videre forskning om hvordan hybrider av liturgisk praksis fortsatte i forlengelsen av Reformasjonen og lenge etter 1536. Overgangen fra Katolisismen var nok adskillig lenger enn de ofte foreslåtte tre generasjonene. 
Historisk Museum (UiO) har skapt en offentlig utstilling for ABDs forskning med utstillingen 'Forvandling/Transformation' som åpnet i januar i 2019. Utstillingen ble utviklet for å presentere ABDs resultater sammen med resultatene fra et annet NFR-finansiert prosjekt 'Religion and Money'. Kuratorene kunne ta i bruk et rikholdig utvalg av historiske utstillingsmåter for kirkegjenstander fra middelalderen (Liepe 2018), samtidig som de også måtte håndtere de mange utstillingsutfordringene for skadede religiøse uttrykk. Utstillingens tekster og utstillingens guide (Bjerregaard 2018) fremhever tema fra gjenstandenes produksjon, langsiktige bruk, delvise ødeleggelser og flere ulike fortolkninger siden reformasjonene og frem til i dag.

'After the Black Death' focuses on an internationally important group of folding altarpieces, shrines, sculptures and crucifixes. The majority is thought to have been imported to Norway from northern Germany and the Low Countries after 1350, and possibly  as late as the 1550s - between the first wave of Bubonic Plague and the early years of the Reformation. 

The collection was last studied systematically in the 1930s. In the intervening 75+ years, scientists have developed innovative methods for character ising paint, gilding and the wood used for carving and frames. Such material data will allow project investigators to build on art-historical attributions, and to provide a context for these currently de-contextualised works of art. This research will fac ilitate a far more complete understanding of profoundly altered objects than has been possible before. 

Visualising the original and interim appearances creates intellectual access to earlier perceptions of objects that were once central to late-medieval  church culture across this country. However, understanding appearances and functions over time is only the first step. The process of examination and interpretation aims to inform far larger debates, especially those that address foreign influences on No rwegian cultural landscapes. Foreign origins and Catholic associations have conditioned negative ideas about so-called Hanseatic art and Norway's decline after 1350. Moreover, objects of this kind continue to sit outside of Norwegian national narratives.  The project therefore aims to unravel and unveil the positive aspects of cultural exchanges during 'Dansketiden'. 
  
The project is led by Tine Frøysaker in collaboration with an international network. The research agenda has been designed to cultivate n ew understandings of conservation research and its contemporary implications. Outcomes include publications, exhibitions and a database, to make this little-known resource broadly accessible.

0 projects

FRIHUMSAM-Fri prosj.st. hum og sam

After the Black Death: Painting and Polychrome Sculpture in Norway, 1350-1550

Awarded: NOK 9.1 mill.

Project Period: 2014-2019

Location: Oslo