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Bilingual Experiences, Cognitive Ageing and underlying Mechanisms

The goal of the Bilingual Experiences, Cognitive Ageing and underlying Mechanisms (BECAME) project is to examine the functional neuroplastic mechanisms underlying mitigatory effects of bilingual experience on age-related cognitive decline. While evidence is available for structural brain changes supporting bilingualism-induced effects on cognitive aging (CA), functional mechanisms underlying such effects are not yet well understood. BECAME aims to fill this gap by investigating the trajectory of bilingualism-induced functional neuroplasticity across the adult lifespan (ages 18-85), crucially adopting an individual differences approach related to measurable degree of bilingual engagement. Importantly, although such benefits are thought to be rooted early in the lifespan, evidence for the timeframe and conditions of their early emergence is scarce. The choice of including the whole adult lifespan allows us to investigate these mechanisms and their emergence more directly from a lifespan perspective. I combine behavioral testing with brain recordings via electroencephalography (EEG). EEG is widely used in cognitive neuroscience to assess brain activity and the degree of communication between brain regions (functional connectivity) in response to stimuli and at rest. Combining behavioral and EEG modalities will allow me to test bilingualism’s effect on functional connectivity, as well as its consequences for functional efficiency, the minimum required neural activation to successfully perform a task. This will enable a detailed, evidence-based account of the protective effects observed in older-aged bilinguals, and how they are built from earlier life stages. By illuminating the relationship between multilingualism and resulting neurocognitive adaptations, BECAME will enable to capitalize on it as a health initiative, with manifold societal implications and the potential to be translated into actionable policies exploiting multilingualism to ameliorate effects of CA.

BOLD MINDS aspires to enhance the understanding of vulnerability factors underlying the emergence of borderline personality disorder (BPD), with an ultimate aim of increasing the potential for young individuals to receive early, evidence-based help when their mental health is at risk. BOLD MINDS will achieve this by investigating whether disruptions in two aspects of autobiographical memory (AM), narrative identity (NI) and involuntary AM (IAM), are associated with BPD features and problem behaviours in adolescents concurrently and over time. In doing so, BOLD MINDS will strengthen the understanding of mechanisms underlying the emergence of BPD in adolescence and lay a groundwork for developing evidence-based early interventions for BPD. While currently limited, the study of AM in this field is essential for two reasons. Firstly, because the aspects of AM under investigation, NI and IAM, are known to be involved in identity formation and emotion regulation which represent two key psychological processes that are disrupted in adults with BPD and are linked to problem behaviours such as self-harm and suicidality. Secondly, because promising research is emerging on the use of AM targets in the treatment of emotional disorder in adults, and provides a strong model for future treatment development with vulnerable adolescents. In addition, this timely research program aligns with calls from international organizations to prioritize early interventions to promote adolescent mental health. BOLD MINDS will adopt and adapt state-of-the-art ecological momentary assessment and analytical techniques and work at the crossroads of clinical and cognitive psychological perspectives, allowing for a multidimensional approach to understanding BPD vulnerability. Training-through-research and formalized training of the experienced researcher will prepare her for a permanent academic position and the founding of her own research lab specializing in AM and early interventions for BPD.

Borderline Personality Disorder: Memory and Identity in Adolescence

WHeelchair Activity Monitoring project (WHAM)

Wheelchair users (WCU) are three to five times more inactive than the general population, leading to a high risk of developing preventable secondary conditions. Although physical activity (PA) guidelines have been specifically developed for WCU, we lack systematic approaches to implement them in practice, as well as valid algorithms to monitor PA change in WCU through sensor-based solutions. Accordingly, the overall scientific aim of the WHeelchair Activity Monitoring project (WHAM) is to advance PA research and practice in WCU by developing valid digital markers for monitoring of and providing feedback on PA, paving the way for implementation and intervention. I will accomplish this through combining the complementary research fields of 1) behavioural intervention studies focusing on increasing PA in WCU (core competence University of British Columbia, UBC; outgoing phase) and 2) sensor-based PA monitoring (core competence Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU; returning phase – consolidated by non-academic placement at Maastricht Instruments, which develop research prototypes including PA monitors). WHAM’s scientific aim is achieved through three objectives: 1) Measure the effect of a pragmatic exercise intervention trial on self-reported physical activity levels and cardio-respiratory fitness, 2) Develop valid algorithms for tracking PA markers in WCU, and 3) Co-create a framework that outlines how PA can be conjointly monitored and provided feedback on in WCU. This fellowship will enable me to become established as an internationally recognized researcher in the field of “physical activity and disability”, while bringing together ongoing national disjointed research activities in this field. Altogether, my overall ambition is to contribute to reducing inequalities in daily-life participation among WCU compared to the rest of the population.

Longitudinal Investigation of Visual and Numerical Perception in Preterm and Full-term Infants

The number of preterm births is on the rise -now more than 1 in 10 babies- and being born preterm is associated with having difficulties in two very important and related cognitive skills that we rely on daily: numerical and visual perception. However, a knowledge gap exists on neural and behavioural associations of numerical and visual perception in full-term and preterm infants. PrePER aims to uncover the underlying neural signatures of the cognitive dysfunctions that preterm infants might display in the first year of their lives and the role of parent-baby interaction to predict preterm infants that are at risk of developing these cognitive difficulties in the second year of their lives. The purpose is to establish criteria to identify infants (especially preterm) at-risk of having cognitive difficulties in numerical and visual perception. Shedding light on normal and impaired cognitive functions in infancy is an essential stepping stone that will pave the way for early diagnostic tools and interventions that would correct the cognitive dysfunctions more efficiently while the brain is still developing. The activities in PrePER will lead to original and innovative outcomes that are beneficial for four parties: 1) Scientific communities will be interested in the results as the ambitious research objectives address questions that have not been asked before. 2) Parents of preterm infants, health-care providers, and policy makers will be interested in the results as the overall aim is to establish criteria to identify infants at-risk of having cognitive-developmental difficulties in the first year of their lives. 3) The researcher will be accelerating her career progression as the training objectives meet her specific needs. 4) The supervisor will be enlarging her research interest and network as the research objectives include a topic within the researcher’s expertise.

AQUASERV – RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES FOR SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE, FISHERIES AND THE BLUE ECONOMY

The overarching objectives of AQUASERV are to bring together, enhance, integrate and customise RI capacities (including facilities, instruments and expertise) and through the provision of transnational access (on-site or remote) and/or virtual access, to significantly further scientific advance and promote and facilitate the implementation of European Common Fisheries Policy, the Farm to Fork Strategy, the Sustainable Blue Economy and the European Green Deal. 

AQUASERV will achieve these objectives by offering scientists from academia and business remote and on-site transnational (TA) and virtual (VA) access to an advanced set of European research infrastructures and its nodes related to research and management of marine and freshwater biological resources, food and biotechnology. These include the European Marine Biological Resource Centre ERIC (EMBRC), the Analysis and Experimentation on Ecosystems ERIC, The Aquaculture for Excellence for Aquaculture in Fish (Aquaexcel), and the Infrastructure for Promoting Metrology in Food and Nutrition (METROFOOD), as well as the International Council for Exploration of the Sea, both a service provider and stakeholder. It also includes the Research Infrastructure for Science and Innovation Policy Studies (RISIS) to bring contributions from the social sciences and to bring results nearer to policy makers ensuring societal impact. 

To enhance, integrate and customise RI capacities, collaboration between partners and new pipelines to meet the objectives of the project will be developed during the first 3 years and will make available  to users.  To ensure these capacities will not be lost, a sustainability work package involving stakeholders will address the project legacy.  

To maximize impact, AQUASERV will build a communication network among the partnership and develop a dissemination and outreach programme. Furthermore, an advanced training programme will be developed to capture future users and will be updated during the p

IMProving User experience, Long-term sustainability and Services of EU-OPENSCREEN

EU-OPENSCREEN (EU-OS), the distributed European Research Infrastructure for Chemical Biology and early drug discovery, provides world-class services in high-throughput compound screening and medicinal chemistry to users from academia and industry. As one of the largest open-access initiative globally, EU-OPENSCREEN plays an increasingly important role in facilitating early stage drug discovery in Europe. It recently integrated fragment-based drug discovery and chemoproteomics as two new services, but the increasing complexity of modern drug discovery projects requires an even more comprehensive portfolio and integration of emerging technologies. To ensure that EU-OS continues to offer a comprehensive suite of relevant services and support a growing user community to conduct forefront research, IMPULSE will develop, validate and integrate new services in AI/ML, new chemical modalities, and innovative disease-relevant cell models combined with CRISPR-Cas9/RNAi-based genetic screening. IMPULSE will work towards the implementation of common operational and data standards to increase data reproducibility and FAIRness. Bespoke outreach and training activities will raise awareness among key user groups of its new services and advance operational excellence and reproducibility in pre-clinical drug discovery. New models for pre-competitive drug discovery with industry or charities, and growing ERIC member community will reinforce the sustainability and accessibility of EU-OPENSCREEN.

Strengthening resilience and mental wellbeing through the Support4Resilience toolbox for leaders in elderly care

European elderly care experiences labor shortages, lack of qualified workers and a mismatch between capacity and demands, causing stress, burnout, and reduced mental wellbeing among healthcare workers and informal caregivers. Leaders are crucial in promoting supportive working conditions but lack research-based measures to act upon these challenges.

Support4Resilience (S4R) will develop, implement, and evaluate a research-based Toolbox to support healthcare leaders in improving healthcare workers’ and informal caregivers’ resilience and mental wellbeing in elderly care. S4R will identify resilience and mental wellbeing factors among healthcare workers and informal caregivers; explore their perspectives and needs; develop new theory on the relationship between individual and organizational resilience, and mental wellbeing; and develop recommendations and cost-effective interventions. The Toolbox with tailormade resources for policy and practical use will be available through an open access S4R Resource Bank.

The S4R Toolbox includes three main tools: 1) Mapping and identification, 2) Reflection and education, and 3) Reorganization. Measures are initiated at the organizational level and effects on mental wellbeing and resilience transpire at the frontline of elderly care. The Toolbox covers different situational contexts, types of healthcare providers and health system levels. Elderly care settings in six European countries will implement and evaluate the Toolbox through a process evaluation, effectiveness evaluation, and cost-effectiveness evaluation. 

S4R provides policymakers, decisions-makers and leaders with solutions for taking action to solve specific risks for healthcare workers’ and informal caregivers’ resilience and mental wellbeing. Thus, pertinent to the work programme, S4R will support the development of resilient health systems in European elderly care through improved leadership capabilities, governance structures, and adaptive capacities.

NEXT GENERATION IMAGING FOR REAL-TIME DOSE VERIFICATION ENABLING ADAPTIVE PROTON THERAPY

The NOVO project will address a fundamental issue in proton radiotherapy (PT) of cancer, namely the lack of real-time dose verification (RDV) that significantly limits the potential of PT due to uncertainties in the precise delivery of the prescribed dose. In the NOVO project, we will develop the first proof-of-concept of an RDV technology adaptable to any PT treatment and bring the concept to TRL 4 by also considering integration into the PT clinical workflow. The RDV technology will be pivotal for enabling the next generation of adaptive PT therapy, i.e., dose-guided real-time adaptive therapy. Real-time measurement of the dose to targeted and non-targeted tissues will be the key to truly empower patient-centered, personalized cancer treatment, important to improve curation and quality-of-life post-treatment. As a high-risk/high-gain project, NOVO aims at a first-of-its-kind RDV technology through the unique synergy between (1) cutting-edge, inexpensive organic scintillator technology that can detect secondary radiation during treatment for non-invasive measurements, (2) novel and fast image reconstruction, artificial intelligence (AI)-accelerated models and AI-enhanced image reconstruction to allow simultaneous detection of multiple radiation species and tissue compositional analysis, (3) tumor-tracking and imaging of tissue radio-sensitivity based on oxygen levels, (4) intelligent automation of decision-making schemes for real-time dose-guided adaptive therapy. The project will essentially open a new era in PT that enables curing more cancer patients and reducing toxicity from treatment. The NOVO consortium covers the entire value chain of RDV development (technology providers, theory and modelling, technology integration and PT clinics) and optimally engages nuclear, medical, and high-energy physicists, chemists, mathematicians, computer scientists, oncologists, biologists, as well as European PT centers. 


Development of innovative proton and neutron therapies with high cancer specificity by 'hijacking' the intracellular chemistry of haem biosynthesis.

Deep-lying cancers, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) brain cancer, are very difficult to access and incurable by the current standards of care. The fluorescence of photosensitive molecules (PSs) can precisely guide surgical resection of GBM. Nevertheless, photomedical treatments like photodynamic therapy (PDT) show limited efficacies due to the low penetration of light into tissue. Proton radiotherapy can reach deep-lying disease through therapeutic energy deposition in a spatially confined region called Bragg peak. Current neutron-based therapies, like Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT), have sufficient penetration depth but lack cancer specificity.
In NuCapCure, we propose to 'hijack' intracellular biosynthetic pathways and use them to produce custom-made drugs that will facilitate two genuinely new cancer treatments: i) "NuCapCure Proton", combining proton radiotherapy, protondynamic therapy through PS proton activation, and proton capture therapy (BPCT) through three produced alpha particles; and ii) "NuCapCure neutron", combining GBM specific BNCT and PS neutron activation as demonstrated in our FET-open project FRINGE.
The main scientific breakthroughs of NuCapCure will be to demonstrate the custom production of novel compounds through native intracellular biosynthesis but also to establish experimental proof-of-principle, both in vitro and in vivo, of the proposed two novel therapies. Our highly interdisciplinary project team comprises world-renowned experts from a unique combination of disciplines: proton and neutron physics, synthetic chemistry, photochemistry, photobiology, radiobiology, medical physics, nuclear reactor and particle accelerator technology and radio-oncology to lay the foundations for novel, targeted and curative therapies against currently fatal cancer indications like GBM.

Despites dental pulp capping materials should meet the certain requirements, the available materials have one or more shortcomings—poor biocompatibility and rheological properties, fail to maintain pulp vitality and to simulate reparative dentine formation and expensive etc. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is widely used material because of its beneficial properties. However, its composition bismuth oxide, which is suspectable to toxicity, has an impact on rheological properties. This emphasizes the necessity of looking for inexpensive alternatives to materials that meet the specifications. This project's goal and novelty are to investigate the potential processing of the dental pulp capping cement, which is made of strontium silicate (SrSiO3), strontium fluoride (SrF2), piezoelectric material (PZM) and tricalcium silicate (Ca3O5Si) and its rheological properties and hemocompatibility. Because SrSiO3, SrF2, PZM and Ca3O5Si have the promising properties. This project's work packages are split into four categories based on the interdisciplinary approach since it involves the synthesis and characterization of PZM, the processing and characterization of cement, the identification of rheological parameters utilizing ISO standardizations, and hemocompatibility, and acquiring new transferrable skills. Additionally, the interactions among the selected compounds will be determined. The scientific impact of this project is comprehending the physical properties and the immune system's response to evaluate the cement's suitability as a replacement for existing materials, as well as resulting in further uses in dentistry and medicine. The societal impact is providing millions of patients in Europe with predictable and outstanding treatment outcomes each year to maintain pulp vitality and health. Eventually, it will ease the financial load on millions of patients who need dental care, will be avoiding inflated medical expenses and misuse of the patent (economic impact).

SrSiO3-based Dental Pulp Capping Cement

Høyreekstremisme og høyreradikalisme på nett - hvordan påvirkes samfunnet?

Midlene fra SAMRISK-2-Samfunnssikkerhet og risiko fordelt på år

Midlene fra SAMRISK-2-Samfunnssikkerhet og risiko fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra SAMRISK-2-Samfunnssikkerhet og risiko fordelt på fagområde

Forsker I

Online media has created novel opportunities for the production and distribution of content from the far-right, as well as the mobilizing capacity. FREXO examines the broader societal and political impact of this development. In the project the term far-right is used to describe political parties, organizations and groups that can be placed on the right side of the conservative right.

On the one hand FREXO studies how the far-right, including alternative media, activists, groups and organizations, create and share content on online platforms. On the other hand, we investigate the effects of far-right content on the general public and targeted groups, such as ethnic and religious minorities. The project compares the situation in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. 

The studies in the project provide a broad and complex picture of right-wing alternative media in the Scandinavian public. Although right-wing alternative media are relatively marginal in terms of readership, they often have high visibility on social media and compete for readers' attention and trust. The phenomenon is biggest in Sweden and smallest in Denmark, both in terms of the number of alternative actors and readership. In several scientific articles and as editors of two special issues on alternative media, the project has contributed with both theoretical and empirical insights into how we can understand alternative media and their relationships to the broader journalistic field, as well as what characterizes their audiences. Alternative media in some cases contribute positively to media diversity, nevertheless aggressive media criticism and alternative editorial practices lead to boundary negotiations and conflicts in the public. In an in-depth study from Norway, Ihlebæk and Figenschou (2022) investigate what happened when the editors in the alternative media, Resett and Document, applied for membership in the Editors' Association. The study sheds light on why the alternative actors wanted in, the reaction in the journalistic field, and what symbolic and material resources were at stake.

Two different sub-studies have examined political attitudes and polarization in the Norwegian population linked to central right-wing populist themes. A study of citizens’ views of the 22nd of July ten years after, identified three divergent narratives of what the attacks were about: the “democracy narrative”, the “pluralist narrative and the “far-right narrative”. Support for these narratives varied with ideology, party affiliation and trust, which may create conditions for polarizations. Researchers within the project have also studied to what extent attitudes towards immigration have become more polarized over time, based on data from the Norwegian Election Study and the Integration Barometer in the period from 2001 to 2019. There is a tendency toward increasing polarization in attitudes towards Islam, but a reduction in polarization in relation to refugees. Attitudes toward Islam are also to an increasing degree linked to attitudes towards other contested political issues and to party affiliation. 

Two sub-studies zoom in on online debate in particular and political attitudes among participants. The analyses show that active online debaters are distinct from the rest of the population by placing themselves more on the political poles than others, and the Progress Party is particularly overrepresented. They are also slightly more immigration sceptic, and less concerned with climate and environmental issues. Online debate is in other words clearly polarized, and the far ends of the political spectrum dominate more, compared to other arenas for expression. An in-depth study of participants in particularly harsh online debates show that these can have different “projects”, and that a main distinction runs between those who have an ideological project and those who hold that they wish to contribute with “neutral” knowledge and enlightenment. The study demonstrates that it is important to distinguish between norm transgressions in terms of how something is expressed (language) and in what is expressed (meaning/content).

Marjan Nadim’s article Making sense of hate: young Muslims’ understandings of online racism in Norway is based on qualitative interviews, and studies in-depth how online racism is understood and experienced. Online racism is experienced as massive and overt, but the nature of online communication creates a sense of control and distance for both the targets and perpetrators. The young Muslims’ ‘theories’ of the causes of online racism differ along two dimensions: the perceived intentionality of the perpetrators and the ordinary or exceptional nature of racism, yielding four distinct understandings of what online racism reflects: a racist Norway, exceptional racism, trolling and ignorance.

The primary aim of the FREXO project is to assess how online media affect both the mobilizing capacity and the broader societal and political impact of far right politics. The project is a fully comparative study of Norway, Sweden and Denmark, and combines two sub-studies that examine how far right extremist groups (WP1) and hyper-partisan alternative media (WP2) produce and distribute content, with two sub-studies that study the impact of far right communication on public opinion (WP3), and the specific impact of far right online hate speech (WP4). FREXO employs a multi-method approach, combining content analysis, network analysis, survey methods and qualitative interviews. A separate WP (5) is dedicated to drawing out the theoretical and practical conclusions from the empirical studies, and to assess implications for the societal resilience of the Scandinavian countries. The research topics of FREXO are ethically demanding in terms of being politically and normatively sensitive, and concerns for anonymity and data security will be critical in all phases of the project. 

A crucial contribution of FREXO will be to study the impact of social media on both the capacity and the effects of far right politics, and to enhance reflection about counter-measures. Such knowledge is relevant to stakeholders such as the police, public officials, civil society organizations, and the media in developing strategies in relation to far right politics online. FREXO is interdisciplinary, including experts on far right extremism on the one hand, and experts on the public sphere, digital journalism, public opinion and hate speech, on the other, and it is based on cross-institutional cooperation between the Institute for Social Research, Center for Research of Extremism at the University of Oslo, and Oslo Metropolitan University. A strong and active international advisory board will enhance the capacity of the project to contribute to the international research front.

Far right politics online and societal resilience

Organic carbon stored in permafrost soils of the Arctic is one of the largest carbon reservoirs globally and is vulnerable to climate change. Despite its undisputed importance, the amount of arctic soil organic carbon (SOC) remains ambiguous and poorly co nstrained. A significant proportion of this SOC is stored in the subducted organic matter of Cryosols, suggesting that cryoturbation (i.e., the mixing of soil layers due to freezing and thawing) is one of the most important mechanisms of arctic carbon seq uestration. The major objectives of CryoCARB are therefore (i) to advance organic carbon estimates for cryoturbated soils including the carbon stored in the permafrost, (ii) to identify the major SOC stabilization mechanisms, focusing on organic matter qu ality, microbial community composition and on abiotic factors, and (iii) to assess the vulnerability of arctic carbon stocks in a future climate. CryoCARB is structured in work packages, dealing with carbon storage in cryoturbated soils (WP1), with qualit y and degradability of SOC (WP2), with microbial processes and community structure (WP3) and with the integrative modelling of SOC dynamics in cryoturbated soils (WP4). These WPs are linked and integrated by a set of joint sampling campaigns in Siberia (t hree transects), Greenland and Svalbard and by joint experiments that address the sensitivity of soil organic matter to changing environmental conditions in the laboratory (E1) and in the field (E2). The work will be supported by the development of a soun d theoretical and conceptual framework and by mathematical modelling. CryoCARB represents a multinational collaboration between 8 European countries and Russia, applying an interdisciplinary approach to address critically important questions linking cryot urbated arctic soils to the global carbon cycle. Such a comprehensive undertaking, from molecular microbiology to landscape level carbon inventories and modelling of circum-arctic carbon storage in future climates, is new and has not yet been implemented  anywhere in the Arctic.

Long-term Carbon Storage in Cryoturbated Arctic Soils - CryoCARB

The development of new analytical techniques, and improved models for planetary evolution have intensified research into the evolution of the Earth and targeted several critical time intervals, particularly when the biosphere and geosphere were experienci ng global-scale changes. The current proposal focuses on the emergence of an aerobic world of planet Earth through the Archaean-Proterozoic transition (APT). The rise in atmospheric O2 and change in sources and sinks of O2 triggered substantial variations  in the geochemical balance of the atmosphere-ocean-system and represented the greatest challenge for life on Earth since its beginning. However, the timing and cause-and-affect relationships between key geological and biogeochemical events in the APT are  poorly understood. The proposed project will address key evolutionary problems at the ATP by studying c. 4000 m fresh drillcores obtained from the Russian part of Fennoscandia by the ICDP FAR-DEEP. Integration of various proxy datasets obtained on drillc ores by a co-operating, multidisciplinary research group comprising over 70 earth scientists from fifteen countries (FAR-DEEP research community) will provide a self-consistent model of emergence an aerobic world on Earth. The project has a great potentia l for developing strong collaborative research ties with American, Australian, European and Russian scientists and integrating international cutting-edge analytical facilities for studying an exceptional period of Earth evolution. The project overlaps wit h a new prioritised direction in the Earth and planetary sciences that targets the Coevolution of the Earth and Life, Planetary Habitability, and Climate Change. Under this scientific 'umbrella', the project has its own distinct position: a multidisciplin ary approach to unravel the evolution of life conditions during the transition from an anoxic to an oxic global environment. The project is a Norwegian contribution to the ICDP FAR-DEEP.

The Emergence of an Aerobic World - Drilling Early Earth Project.

Baskar, Sushmitha, India, statsstipendiat 2008/09

We propose to study geodynamic and hydrothermal processes along one of the most slow-spreading segments of the global ridge system. This will lay the ground for a European lead proposal to the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) aimed to test hypothe sis on the geodynamics and the extent and nature of hydrothermal activity, water-rock interactions and the deep biosphere at the ultraslow end of the spreading rate spectrum.   

The Knipovich Ridge, which is one of the Arctic spreading ridges in the Norw egian-Greenland Sea, represents the target area for the project. With an effective spreading rate of only ~ 6 mm/y, the southernmost part of this ridge is one of the slowest spreading ridge segments on Earth. Water column analyses show that hydrothermal v enting currently takes place along this ridge segment, and an up to several hundred meters thick sedimentary sequence that cover large parts of the rift valley floor probably provide a record of the extent and nature of the hydrothermal activity. This sed imentary cover further provides a unique opportunity for zero-age drilling, which potentially may provide groundbreaking new insight as to the existence of a hydrogen-based deep biosphere sustained by the formation and alteration of oceanic crust and mant le by ultraslow spreading.

Ultra-slow spreading and hydrogen-based deep biosphere: A site survey proposal for zero-age drilling of the Knipovich Ridge

The Centre for Geobiology (CGB), was established in 2007 as a Centre of Excellence (CoE) with funding from the Research Council of Norway?s (RCN?s) second CoE funding call. 
According to its original application, CGB?s goals were to 
- establish a new interdisciplinary field - Geobiology - at the University of Bergen (UiB)
- train a new generation of interdisciplinary researchers
- undertake basic science research

Looking back over the 10-year CoE period, CGB has achieved its goals and more. Perhaps some of the Centre?s greatest and most unexpected achievements underlines the importance of the CoE funding programme: basic research often results in practical applications. In addition, such is the unpredictable nature of basic research that one never knows when new basic truths will be discovered or old ones overturned, such as CGB´s discovery that is resulting in a re-organisation of the Tree of Life. 

CGB?s application outlined a broad range of basic research goals: to study and document the unexplored deep-ocean volcanic spreading system along the Arctic Mid-Atlantic Ridge to attain insights into interactions between the geosphere and biosphere, the roots and limits for life, and the dynamics of the deep seafloor, deep biosphere and deep time. However, in nearly all thematic areas, CGB's basic research efforts have resulted in unexpected applied research applications.

The expertise and competency developed at CGB is ensured to be carried onwards through the new interdisciplinary K.G. Jebsen Centre for Deep Sea Research. The vision of the new Centre is to pioneer discoveries, expanding knowledge about the deep sea and its potential mineral and bioprospecting resources.

Senter for Geobiologi har som målsetting å fremskaffe ny grunnleggende kunnskap knyttet til samspillet mellom jordens geosfære og biosfære. Forskningen ved senteret vil fokuseres på prosesser i dyphavet og samvirket mellom biogene og ikke biogene prosesser både på og under havbunnen; på utbredelsen og funksjonen av mikrobielt liv i den dype biosfæren i undergrunnen; på spor etter liv i jordens eldste bergarter dannet i dyp tid; og på leting etter livets røtter i genforråd tilknyttet ekstreme miljøer. Integrert og interdisiplinær forskning på disse temaene vil utvide forståelsen av jorden som et geo-biologisk system, og vil spesielt lede til ny innsikt omkring opprinnelsen, utviklingen og grensene for liv. 
Senter for Geobiologi har som mål å bli en sentral internasjonal aktør på disse forskningsfrontene. Et hovedmål for senteret er å gi studenter og unge forskere integrert opplæring i et interdisiplinært og internasjonalt forskningsmiljø. Ved dette vil en legge til rette for at en ny generasjon forskere på en ny måte kan takle problemstillinger og muligheter knyttet til Jorden som et sammensatt geo-biologisk system.

0 projects

KLIMAFORSK-Stort program klima

Long-term Carbon Storage in Cryoturbated Arctic Soils - CryoCARB

Awarded: NOK 3.0 mill.

Project Period: 2010-2017

Location: Vestland

FRINATEK-Fri prosj.st. mat.,naturv.,tek

The Emergence of an Aerobic World - Drilling Early Earth Project.

Awarded: NOK 7.5 mill.

Project Period: 2009-2013

Location: Vestland

IS-NAD-Samarbeid med NORAD-land

Baskar, Sushmitha, India, statsstipendiat 2008/09

Awarded: NOK 0.12 mill.

Project Period: 2008-2009

Location: Vestland

FRINATEK-Fri prosj.st. mat.,naturv.,tek

Ultra-slow spreading and hydrogen-based deep biosphere: A site survey proposal for zero-age drilling of the Knipovich Ridge

Awarded: NOK 7.4 mill.

Project Period: 2008-2013

Location: Vestland

SFF-Sentre for fremragende forskn

Centre for Geobiology, CGB Deep Seafloor, Deep Biosphere & Roots of Life

Awarded: NOK 103.1 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2017

Location: Vestland