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FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Olfactory pathways connecting defined glomeruli of the macroglomerular complex to higher integration centres in the heliothine moth brain

The olfactory coding mechanism responsible for reproductive behaviour have been thoroughly investigated in heliothine moths. This sub-family is particularly fascinating since the individuals communicate both within and across the species. Thus, the males possess receptor neurons detecting pheromo...

Awarded: NOK 2.4 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2010

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Global expression of defence-related genes in Populus and transfer of knowledge to Norway spruce

Due to the great economic losses caused by the root and butt-rot pathogen Heterobasidion annosum, developments of efficient control measures are warranted. Considerable clonal variation has been recorded for Norway spruce in resistance towards H. annosum, but the defence mechanisms contributing ...

Awarded: NOK 3.1 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2011

Location: Akershus

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Oil induced autoimmune arthritis

We here present evidence that a novel class of genes encoding regulatory leukocytereceptors may be of clinical importance in autoimmune diseases elicited by environmental exposure to immunoadjuvants, in particular mineral oils. The evidence is based on th e structural identification of the rat Oi...

Awarded: NOK 3.4 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2010

Location: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Potential clinical relevance of radiation-induced signaling pathways

Radiation therapy is a commonly used treatment modality for cancer. Although in the past decades radiation therapy has shown to be a very successful treatment form, it still can be improved. One problem is that some tumors are particularly resistant to th e cytotoxic effects of radiation and resp...

Awarded: NOK 3.1 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2013

Location: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Interactions between brood parasites and their hosts in a heterogeneous landscape

Brood parasites and their hosts represent particularly suitable systems for studying the process of coevolution. A number of adaptations and counter-adaptations in hosts and parasites have previously been revealed, but few studies have considered dynamics between and within several host-parasite...

Awarded: NOK 3.3 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2010

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

The role of mismatch repair proteins in origin sequestration

We have shown that DNA replication is tightly coupled to cell growth in wild type E. coli cells. Initiation of replication occurs precisely at the same point in the cell cycle, generation after generation. The molecular mechanisms behind the precise timin g of initiation of replication are not ye...

Awarded: NOK 2.9 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2014

Location: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Modeling human disease in mice;DNA repair and genomic (in)stability.

Our research is currently focused on two classes of enzymes involved in repair, and possible regulation, of DNA and RNA species; flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) and mammalian alkB homologs (ABHs). Genetic models are generated in order to elucidate the contribu tion of single gene deletions in genomic ...

Awarded: NOK 3.4 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2011

Location: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

The life history trade-off between immune function and brain development

As immunity has been proven to be costly in energetic terms, these investments are likely to conflict with other, important and energy-demanding fitness traits. Several studies have addressed trade-offs between the immune-system and other factors, like gr owth, development or reproductive investm...

Awarded: NOK 4.0 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2012

Location: Vestland

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Applying advanced computational and experimental tools to explore surface electrostatics in chitinases

Understanding how proteins work is a major challenge in the post-genome era. Traditionally proteins have been studied by the use of numerous biochemical techniques, but as the number of proteins that needs to be characterized has increased, so has the num ber of in computo techniques to study pro...

Awarded: NOK 2.9 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2012

Location: Akershus

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The early stages of adaptive divergence: the speed of evolution

In this proposed project we will study processes during the early phase of adaptive divergence. Lesjaskogsvatnet was colonized by grayling Thymallus thymallus in 1880 and during 120 years more than 20 demes have been established. Owing to profound tempera ture differences among tributaries, we ex...

Awarded: NOK 3.1 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2009

Location: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Astrocytes - guardians of neuroprotection

Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the human cerebral cortex but the focus on these cell types have been far neglected. In the later years it has become apparent that they play important roles in the homeostasis of the brain and evidence now al so suggests that they are essential compo...

Awarded: NOK 2.2 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2010

Location: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Functions of hippocampus and entorhinal cortex studied with viral vectors

Modern brain imaging methods have contributed enormously to contemporary knowledge about the particular brain systems involved in specific cognitive functions. Unfortunately, mechanistic insights have lagged behind, largely because brain mapping in humans lacks the spatial resolution required to...

Awarded: NOK 1.5 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2009

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Entorhinal grid cells and hippocampal memory

More than 30 years of research have pointed to the hippocampus as a key component of the brain's circuit for spatial representation. Although place-specific firing is undoubtedly the most conspicuous behavioural correlate of hippocampal principal neurons, hippocampal neurons also respond to a va...

Awarded: NOK 4.3 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2009

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

EGF-induced Formation of Clathrin Coated Pits

Growth factor receptors control cellular growth and differentiation by transmitting signals from outside the cell to the cell interior, particularly the nucleus. Signal transmission can be modulated in several ways. To control signalling, down-regulation of receptors from the cell surface is impo...

Awarded: NOK 3.1 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2011

Location: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The role of T cell specific adapter protein in T cell activation and autoimmunity

Genetic variation in genes controlling T cell activation may be responsible for individual differences in fine-tuning of the immune response. Such variability may account for part of the genetic susceptibility to develop autoimmune diseases. Having a majo r interest in elucidating the aetiology o...

Awarded: NOK 3.1 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2009

Location: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Life history patterns in large carnivores and their application for management and conservation.

Life-history is an organism's pattern of growth, reproduction and mortality, formed by long-term evolutionary processes and by immediate responses to the environment. This project has 3 main objectives: 1) evaluate the patterns of lifetime reproductive su ccess of male and female brown bears; 2) ...

Awarded: NOK 2.4 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2011

Location: Akershus

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Characterization of Novel Insulin Regulated Pathways in Fat Synthesis in Liver and Adipose Tissue

Diets rich in lipids and carbohydrates together with a lack of physical exercise predispose individuals to multifunctional diseases such as atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes type 2. Fat metabolism and glucose homeos tasis are inherently related, and insulin...

Awarded: NOK 2.2 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2010

Location: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Fe-S Cluster Biogenesis in Plastids and Mitochondria in Plants

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are essential, inorganic cofactors of Fe-S proteins involved in numerous vital developmental processes. Although simple in structure Fe-S clusters are not formed spontaneously but require an intricate interplay of a number of p roteins and in plants Fe-S cluster biogen...

Awarded: NOK 3.1 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2010

Location: Rogaland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Does ovarian fluid favour MHC-dissimilar sperm?

When males provide nothing but genes, female choice of mates is expected to favour individuals that can best increase offspring survival. This selection process may not only occur at an individual level, but also on the gamete level. Recent studies have i ndicated that the ova may select sperm on...

Awarded: NOK 2.7 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2010

Location: Troms - Romsa - Tromssa

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

The ecological and evolutionary significance of seed banks in Arabidopsis thaliana

Many studies of the genetic structuring of annual, selfing Arabidopsis thaliana populations on various geographical scales have been performed in recent years. Some studies conclude that local populations may contain relatively high amounts of genetic var iability both in phenotypic traits and pu...

Awarded: NOK 2.5 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2012

Location: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Dynamics underlying astrocyte behaviour

For a long time astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell species, have been considered passive bystanders of neural activity. The picture that is now emerging is that astrocytes are critically involved in regulating brain function. Despite extensive exper imental efforts, a thorough understanding...

Awarded: NOK 2.6 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2009

Location: Akershus

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

cAMP signalling -novel downstream targets of PKA and Epac identified by phospho-proteomics.

I. Implement novel method for quantitative COFRADIC non-gel global phospho-proteomics through stay of candidate in the laboratory of prof. J. Vandenkerckhove at Univ. of Gent II. The phospho-proteome will be compared in cells in response to activation of PKA (by N6-MB-cAMP) or Epac (by 8-pCPT-2´-...

Awarded: NOK 3.2 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2011

Location: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Study of cellular distribution and biological functions of neonatal Fc receptor in immune cells

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the major class of immunoglobulins and the protein with the longest serum half-life. IgG is also actively transferred to the fetus, giving the full-term fetus IgG levels over maternal levels and protective immunity. The MHC class I related neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is...

Awarded: NOK 2.3 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2009

Location: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Quantification and Characterization of Microbial Communities in Air.

There is a serious lack of knowledge concerning the presence, activity and dispersal of airborne microorganisms. Most studies describing the prevalence of airborne microorganisms have only applied traditional microbiological methods and evaluated the occu rrence of culturable bacteria, which is k...

Awarded: NOK 2.6 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2009

Location: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Metabolic scaling in teleosts

Metabolic scaling is a widely recognised problem in biology. The underlying causes for the disproportionate relationship between the metabolic rate of an organism and its body size have long puzzled scientists, and continue to be controversial. In recent years this fascinating subject has been tr...

Awarded: NOK 3.1 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2010

Location: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

New therapeutic principles and biological mechanisms related to brain tumour cell invasion and angiogenesis

Primary gliomas represent one of the greatest challenges in neuro-oncology. Recent studies have identified so-called ?cancer stem cells? in several cancers. These cells have the capacity to proliferate and establish tumors in laboratory animals after inje ction of only a small number of cells. Mo...

Awarded: NOK 1.5 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2009

Location: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Contact meeting for the Norwegian Biochemical Society

The annual meeting of the Norwegian Biochemical Society has a world-wide reputation as an excellent meeting place for scientists, both on the scientific and the social level. They have been a tremendous success and is arguably the one meeting in Norway wh ich has contributed the most to the conta...

Awarded: NOK 0.36 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2010

Location: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

International workshop on ions in bacteria

The rationale for organizing this type of workshop is that the ion content in cells is strongly related to the cellular physiology. On a broad basis we will discuss the interactions between compatible organic solutes and inorganic ions with respect to cel lular levels, transport, and availability...

Awarded: NOK 7,053

Project Period: 2007-2008

Location: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Dynamics of synaptic transmission in the rod pathway of the retina

A considerable challenge in neuroscientific research is to explain processes at the systems level in terms of mechanisms at cellular and molecular levels. The retina serves as an ideal model system amenable to experimental approaches that directly aim to bridge this gap. With respect to the senso...

Awarded: NOK 3.0 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2010

Location: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

The role of excitatory amino acid in Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease is characterised by death of dopamine containing neurons in the substantia nigra. Long term levo-dopa treatment has severe side effects and is potentially toxic for neurons. The need for alternative treatments in Parkinson's disease is urgent. To accomplish this, further rese...

Awarded: NOK 2.3 mill.

Project Period: 2007-2010

Location: Oslo

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