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Implications of digital transformation for migrant labour

Accelerated by the Covid-19 pandemic, rapid digitalisation has fundamentally transformed European working conditions. While its positive consequences are well recognised, digital transformation also puts a sorely needed part of the European workforce at risk of unemployment, poverty and social exclusion. IDILAB (Implications of digital transformation for migrant labour) investigates the impacts that technological progress and subsequent structural changes have on the labour market integration of migrant workers. By developing a new methodological approach, IDILAB shall provide novel evidence on migrants’ exposure to the process of digitalisation, and formulate evidence-based and innovative policy options for the EU and national governments to improve on the scope and adequacy of national and European policy directed at encouraging a fair digital transition for all, including migrants. The proposed project will contribute with new knowledge on migrants’ own perspectives on barriers and enablers for a sustainable integration in a fast-changing labour market. I, the experienced researcher (Dr Olga Gheorghiev, the Czech Republic), will work with a European centre of excellence (the Research Centre for Digitalisation of Public Services and Citizenship (CEDIC, OsloMet, Norway), and the European Trade Union Institute (ETUI, Belgium) for intersectoral knowledge transfer, career development, and European added value.

CULTUral heritage in RurAL remote areas for creative tourism and sustainabilITY

The main objective of the project is to contribute to the promotion of cultural and creative tourism activities, considering the different capacities, resources, and specificities (material, creative, human...) of the territories, as a mean to help with the sustainable development of peripheral rural areas, favoring job creation and population settlement. For this, the potential of its cultural heritage will be researched, taking into account both the artisan material culture (techniques, materials, patterns and decorative elements), as well as the intangible culture (music, oral knowledge and culinary traditions) as a resource.
 
To promote non-seasonal tourism as a form of sustainable development with a stable population settlement we are going to research the crafts linked to the territory and their implications, but we will also carry out a documentation of the productive processes. First and foremost, we are going to cater to the necessities of the local communities and pay attention to aspects related to societal groups at risk of exclusion, such as women, the elderly and the youth.

All this will be developed from a multidisciplinary perspective, for which we will count on the various teams —most of them linked to different countries— that will be part of the consortium. Each of these partners will contribute to the development, as well as to the final result of the project through input directly related to their area of ??expertise: for example, among the collaborators we have intellectual teams specialized in the digitalization of heritage, research, or communication and dissemination, as well as as various institutions that will act as a testing ground for the more practical parts of the proposal. However, if something will characterize our work, it will be the constant collaboration between all parties, as well as the exchange of advice and experiences that will help to enrich collective knowledge and guarantee optimal results.

POWERING ARTISTIC AND CULTURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP TO DRIVE THE CLIMATE TRANSITION

PACESETTERS responds to the abstract challenge of the climate transitions by shifting from a model of entrepreneurship based on individual, short-term incentives to one that is driven by co-agency and new capacities to act together in sustainable ways. It does so by examining the concrete circumstances, investigating possible support mechanisms and stress-testing instruments that enable art and culture, creativity and heritage to drive the climate transition.
Therefore, PACESETTERS will set out to:
-Create knowledge from collaborative research to keep pace with the transition
-Propose and test creative business models to set the pace of the transition
-Assess strategies of valorisation to push the pace of the transition
 
This approach will identify and analyse advanced practices that run transversally across the cultural and creative sectors; contextualise the outcomes of co-research in real-world laboratories for social imagination; further develop and promote the preliminary results of experiments in iterative support and evaluation frames. The PACESETTERS approach centres on inclusion, participation and iteration in order ensure that gender equity and diversity inform it at every step and on every level.

The result will be a critical evaluation and all-encompassing demonstration of the actual potentials of the CCIs to drive the climate transition while systematically analysing their impact on micro-, meso- and macro-level:
-Understanding the climate transition as a triple transition: green, digital and inclusive
-Innovating aPACESETTERS responds to the abstract challenge of the climate transitions by shifting from a model of entrepreneurship based on individual, short-term incentives to one that is driven by co-agency and new capacities to act together. It does so by examining the concrete circumstances, investigating possible support mechanisms and stress-testing instruments that enable art and culture, creativity and heritage to drive the climate transition.

Strengthening resilience and mental wellbeing through the Support4Resilience toolbox for leaders in elderly care

European elderly care experiences labor shortages, lack of qualified workers and a mismatch between capacity and demands, causing stress, burnout, and reduced mental wellbeing among healthcare workers and informal caregivers. Leaders are crucial in promoting supportive working conditions but lack research-based measures to act upon these challenges.

Support4Resilience (S4R) will develop, implement, and evaluate a research-based Toolbox to support healthcare leaders in improving healthcare workers’ and informal caregivers’ resilience and mental wellbeing in elderly care. S4R will identify resilience and mental wellbeing factors among healthcare workers and informal caregivers; explore their perspectives and needs; develop new theory on the relationship between individual and organizational resilience, and mental wellbeing; and develop recommendations and cost-effective interventions. The Toolbox with tailormade resources for policy and practical use will be available through an open access S4R Resource Bank.

The S4R Toolbox includes three main tools: 1) Mapping and identification, 2) Reflection and education, and 3) Reorganization. Measures are initiated at the organizational level and effects on mental wellbeing and resilience transpire at the frontline of elderly care. The Toolbox covers different situational contexts, types of healthcare providers and health system levels. Elderly care settings in six European countries will implement and evaluate the Toolbox through a process evaluation, effectiveness evaluation, and cost-effectiveness evaluation. 

S4R provides policymakers, decisions-makers and leaders with solutions for taking action to solve specific risks for healthcare workers’ and informal caregivers’ resilience and mental wellbeing. Thus, pertinent to the work programme, S4R will support the development of resilient health systems in European elderly care through improved leadership capabilities, governance structures, and adaptive capacities.

Providing research infrastructure services to support Next Generation EU

This four-year project will harness outputs from key social science RIs in Europe and other reliable sources to support the aims of the ‘Next Generation EU’ programme and to inform EU youth policy. Virtual access will be provided to the outputs through special installations (portals) developed during the project. The core of the proposal is a set of existing research ‘services’, which will be re-purposed and customised to focus directly on the five themes: Make it Green; Make it Digital; Make it Healthy; Make it Strong; and Make it Equal. 

For each area, the consortium will work collaboratively to produce seven sets of resources:

i)	A searchable inventory of relevant variables drawn from multiple cross-national datasets; 

ii)	Analytical summaries, suitable for policy makers and analysts new to the field, as well as interactive resources available through the project portal;

iii)	Harmonised and merged extracts from these datasets that reduce the burden on analysts and increase sample sizes;

iv)	New data collected through the ESS’s established CRONOS web panel infrastructure. Eleven countries will field five waves of the panel, each one dedicated to a NextGenEU theme. Free and rapid access to the data will be available through the CRONOS portal alongside analytical summaries;

v)	In-person and virtual deliberative forums with young people (aged 18-34) in four countries covering the five Next Generation EU’ themes;

vi)	An educational tool (E-NextGen) channelling our data for use in classrooms and by the general public;

vii)	Comprehensive training materials related to all project outputs.


Mapping of Longitudinal data of Inequalities in Education

The MapIE project aims to identify mechanisms causing educational inequalities and policies or interventions compensating for them. We do a systematic review of how these have been studied internationally using longitudinal designs. We map existing longitudinal data that we describe in a public metadata database, and we analyse them to describe the mechanisms of inequalities and to identify effective policies and interventions in different local contexts. We focus on the contextual differences between the Nordic and Central European countries that have structurally different education systems. Within national contexts and using comparative research designs, we look at system-, regional- and school-level policies and practices and individual-level factors (e.g. socioeconomic status, immigrant background, gender, special educational needs) that are associated with the development of educational inequalities and the successful prevention of achievement gaps. We publish and disseminate the empirical results of the project through multiple channels to scientific audiences, policy makers and the wider public. At the end, we create a public framework for studying educational inequalities longitudinally in future studies, acknowledging the role of local contexts but aiming for comparability at the European level. 

We implement the project in seven work packages. Our consortium consists of internationally acknowledged experts in large-scale educational assessment research from Finland, Sweden, Norway, Hungary and Luxembourg/Germany. The partners have a long-standing history of collaboration with each other, European researchers, and national and international education policy makers, and they bring extensive longitudinal datasets to the project. The project will considerably strengthen the knowledge base of what shapes educational outcomes over time, how to best support the learning of all students and how to reduce education inequalities in the short, medium and long term.

Contextualized pathways to reduce housing inequalities in the green and digital transition.

The project Reducing housing inequalities in the green and digital transition (ReHousIn) is committed to better understand the impacts of recent crises on housing inequalities across different European regions, especially with regard to the implementation of the green transition launched by the EU. The overall aim is to explore the mechanisms affecting the (re)production of housing inequalities under recent crisis conditions, and the impacts of the EU induced green transition in different national contexts and along different degrees of urbanisation. Based on a contextualized and comparative understanding of the mechanisms (re)producing housing inequalities, ReHousIn inquiries into multi-level pathways and inclusive local housing initiatives to spark innovative EU, national and local policy solutions towards inclusionary and quality housing, mitigating the possible negative impacts of the EU induced green transition. It conducts a comparative, multi-level analysis in 9 European countries – Austria, France, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom – focusing on attractive metropolitan regions, middle-sized cities and rural areas by means of a mixed-method project design. A quantitative data analysis on recent trends in housing inequalities and their relation to crises across different levels of urbanization will provide the framework for 27 local cases studies in which the impact of multi-level trajectories of housing-system, welfare regimes and environmental policy instrumentations on the (re)production of local housing inequalities and the emergence of inclusive housing initiatives are analyzed. Based on this, ReHousIn compares mechanisms of differentiation feeding into policy labs, aiming to formulate recommendations on how to tackle negative social externalities related the EU green transition at EU, national and local levels.

Strategies for achieving equity and inclusion in education, training and learning in democratic Europe

STRIDE will provide a new, comprehensive and comparative knowledge-base on effective education reforms, policy initiatives and interventions aimed at reducing inequalities in education, training and learning outcomes in Europe. STRIDE will do this through analyses of education reforms in national and regional systems, existing large-scale educational assessment data and existing longitudinal data on the causal link between educational and other social policies and inequalities in educational achievements. In examining the learning progress of students over time, STRIDE will closely examine to the range of intersectional variables such as socio-economic background, gender, (dis)abilities, migration status, home language, early childhood education and care (ECEC) attendance, which may affect learning outcomes in different ways in different contexts. The project will combine diverse methods, data and disciplines (comparative education, political science, education science, sociology) in innovative ways: mapping at national and regional levels on (1) education reforms in the past 25 years by policy analysis, (2) longitudinal trends of inequalities in educational achievement by quasi-experiment analysis of existing large-scale educational assessment data, and (3) effect of education reforms and interventions by analysis existing longitudinal data and registry data following student cohorts over time combined with a qualitative inquiry into policymakers' perspective. Through the involvement of national and European stakeholders, STRIDE will develop methodology and assessment tools for policy learning offering policymakers a toolbox of enhanced knowledge of what shapes educational outcomes over time and demonstrating the usefulness of longitudinal data in policy-making to reduce educational inequalities in the short, medium and long term.

dialoguing@rts – Advancing Cultural Literacy for Social Inclusion through Dialogical Arts Education

d@rts is a catalyst for increasing social cohesion and inclusion, using embodied performing arts activities to develop cognitive and affective cultural literacy. We recognise that the performing arts encompass mass-market consumer goods, as well as non-linguistic, embodied and social activities, providing massive opportunities for inclusive participation.
Our target groups comprise actors of all ages and social positions, especially in the school system and in community arts initiatives. We will empower these groups to be artistically active, dialogically related and culturally literate, giving them tools and motivation to improve their own situations and those of others within the overall frame of a cohesive European society, informed by global perspectives.
Using the post-colonial insight that culture is necessarily heterogeneous, d@rts has four related objectives:
1. Understand how performing arts activities relate to cultural literacy in official discourse and documents across partner countries
2. Use this understanding to build dialogues and co-create physical and digital actions with heterogeneous groups within our target audience
3. Develop assessment tools for these actions, enabling measurable growth in cultural literacy
4. Use our findings in recommendations for cultural and educational policies that build long-term social cohesion and inclusion
Based on these objectives, the overall outputs comprise:
1. Documentary, survey and participatory research findings
2. Performative DIALOGART actions for cultural literacy
3. Policy and practice recommendations to increase social cohesion via cultural literacy actions inspired by the performing arts
d@rts imagines new futures and creates hope and social cohesion through performing arts education. By creating participatory spaces and facilitating dialogues, we empower voices seldom heard. d@rts thus advances cultural literacy, and enhances social cohesion and resilience, to build an inclusive future for Europe.

REGULAR AND UNPLANNED CARE ADAPTIVE DASHBOARD FOR CROSS–BORDER EMERGENCIES

During cross-border health emergencies, health and care services may be overwhelmed by high numbers of patients requiring unplanned care. Delays and backlogs in regular care, as a result of the stretched health care system, leave millions of patients with regular care needs unattended, resulting in disastrous healthcare outcomes. If poor healthcare outcomes across the population are to be avoided, healthcare systems must become more resilient and flexible and allow for rapid changes in the care delivery services. RAPIDE’s aim is to develop, validate and demonstrate a portfolio of powerful tools that enable healthcare systems to build in robustness of decisions, resilience of the health care professionals and patients and flexibility in the modalities of care delivery, thereby maintaining access to regular care during health emergencies. 

RAPIDE emphasises opportunities for optimising in-hospital care, but also for relocating care from hospitals to community and home environments without loss of care quality. Thus, the project focuses on two closely-linked challenges – 1: Identifying and predicting how much care, and which care, needs to be moved along the care chain; 2: Identifying and verifying effective, feasible and acceptable ways to make this reconfiguration of care a reality. This will be achieved by (a) resource modelling, which builds comprehensive foresight and forecasting solutions and links them to patient flows optimization, along the whole chain of care, (b) selecting and implementing the best available tools to deliver regular care in new ways. To ensure usability, acceptability and equitable real-world value, RAPIDE will be co-designed and co-validated with stakeholders, from patients, GPs, clinicians and hospital managers to health ministries, pandemic-management and public health agencies. A Table Top Exercise and extensive communication and dissemination will raise awareness of the project’s successes.

AlbuVax - Forbedret leveranse av vaksine over slimhinne

Midlene fra FORNY20-FORNY2020 fordelt på år

Midlene fra FORNY20-FORNY2020 fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra FORNY20-FORNY2020 fordelt på fagområde

Technology Strategy Manager

Most pathogens pass into their host at a mucosal surface (for example the lungs for respiratory pathogens), and delivery of vaccines through a mucosal surface is an ideal approach to achieve local as well as systemic immune protection. Yet, vaccines are usually given with needles in the skin or muscles, which is inconvenient and often provides poor protection at the actual site of infection. Thus, there is a great need for improved vaccination technologies.

Scientists at Oslo University Hospital and the University of Oslo have developed a  technology (called AlbuVax) that improves the ability of a vaccine to cross mucosal surface and provide protection, both for influensa and Covid19. Further development is planned to be done through a new Norwegian company. the initial structur and planning of this new company has been pert of the qualificaiton project.

KVAL: AlbuVax- Improved mucosal vaccine delivery

Long-term -chronic - effects of produced water effluents affecting reproduction in marine crustacean plankton. Phase 2.

Currently, there is a need to combine chemical characterization with toxicological screening of extracts to address chemicals that are of environmental concern. This applies in particular to potential use of passive samplers as pre-concentrating devices f or bioassay-assisted fractionation and chemical identification procedures which previously has shown that the acutely toxic organic chemicals in produced water are mainly found in fraction with log Kow< 3, whereas chemicals with the potential for more lon g term effects are found in fractions with a log Kow> 3. As a consequence, there is a need to develop a combined passive sampling strategy using time-integrative samplers that discriminate between bio-available fractions and that are able to be used for b oth chemical characterization and toxicity testing.  The present project is directly related to research needs identified in the PROOF program background document and application guidelines for 2005. This applies in particular to the time-integrated measurement of PW components in seawater, and a comparison  with similar data in iological tissues. The measurements of the components will be combined with toxicological screening of resulting extracts, thus linking chemical data to effect/biomarker responses. The practical work will be divided into four work packages (WPs): 1) laboratory studies with a controlled exposure situation (i.e. with and without bio-fouling); 2) controlled laboratory study of the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of oil; 3) field study at an oil field; 4) data and concept validation using the DREAM models.

The use of passive sampling devices in monitoring of potential impact of offshore discharges and accidental oil spills (PASSIMPACT)

This project focuses on identification of the yet unidentified compounds, long-chain para-substituted alkylphenols and possibly thiols, in produced water. Chemical syntheses will be carried out to provide alkylphenol standards unavailable commercially. St atistical analysis will allow to separate the overlapping chromatogram peaks and resolve the chromatograms.

Identification of Estrogen-Like Compounds in Produced Water from Offshore Oil Installations.

Off-shore oil exploration and production is moving towards Arctic regions. A strict regulation according to a precautionary principle has been invoked for the oil and gas industry. There is a strong official requirement to avoid long term environmental impacts or effects that may be in conflict with the fisheries. The knowledge about the environmental impact of such activities in these regions has to be expanded. Since regular discharges will practically be prohibited, the possible environmental spill scenarios on the marine environment from the oil industry are mainly focused on accidental spills. These may include large as well as small repeated discharges related to oil spill events in the course of production, processing or transport and to subsequent re-releases of temporarily stored oil, e.g. trapped in sea ice. At present it is difficult to express the probability for the occurrence of such events or its associated environmental risk, so a scenario based approach is used to identify relevant research targets. The selected scenario is related to oil drift into ice margin, and the project work is focusing on potentially long term effects on ice margin community of trapped oil. This may occur as oil trapped underneath the sea ice or as frozen within the sea ice. Potential long term effects are determined by results of experiments. From the results it will be attempted to express their influence on expected restitution time. The data on uptake and effects will be relevant for validation of hazard and risk estimates as well as a support for environmentally related decision making at accidents as well as industrial operations in Arctic waters. The work will be divided into three work packages, high-lighting different aspects of potential effects on the ice amphipod Gammarus wilkitzkii. WP1: Uptake and effects of water dissolved and food-bound hydrocarbons. WP2: Effects on reproduction cycle and population with links to short term/medium term effects. WP3: Long term effects by repeated exposures of released oil. The presence of UV-light will be included as an experimental factor due to the combination of large amounts of sunlight in the Arctic summer and its influence on oil (PAH) toxicity. Two different doses of oil will be tested in order to assess the difference in effects in relation to oil load (exposure concentrations). The project will be carried out in close co-operation with a doctorate study related to UV effects on Arctic amphipods funded by the German Research Council.

Long term effects on Arctic ecosystem from accidental discharges

Project summary
Recent studies on fish examining the impact of produced water released offshore have revealed an extremely complex response to oil micro droplets and oil spiked with relevant doses of poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and alkylated phenols  (AP). Protein expression signatures (PES) obtained from exposed and control fish show both up and down regulation of between 50-100 proteins, with the majority of responses observed being sex dependent, even in juvenile fish. Produced water is an unstabl e mix of many components which may be unique for individual oil fields. Components in produced water, PAHs, APs and a variety of polar organic compounds (POCs), are over represented in comparison to concentrations found in the oil. The POCs are the least studied components of the produced water both with respect to acute toxicity and long-term effects. In this study we will seek to sample from cod exposure experiments financed through the PROOF, especially "Comparative oral and water based exposures of co d to produced water components", and other programs.
Based on these findings individual proteins will be sought to be identified for further development as biomarkers of chronic exposure to low doses of oil, synthetic mixes of PAHs, APs and POCs at concen trations similar to those found in produced water. The proteome response in both wild and caged cod from the North-sea will be compared against results from the laboratory exposures with the aim of identifying and validating diagnostically important prote ins. To perform the identification of diagnostically important proteins a cooperation with national and international research groups within the field of proteomics will be established. If possible some genomic analyses will be performed on the Cod as coo peration with other research groups to increase the mechanistic interpretation of the proteom responses.


Proteome Expression Signatures (PES) in fish as a diagnostic tool to evaluate the environmental impacts of offshore oil and gas exploration

Offshore activities input large volumes of moderately contaminated effluents into the North Sea. There is uncertainty as to the biological effects of the effluents, although there are signs that some biological systems are affected. The current methods to  assess effects in the pelagic zone mainly depend on health assessments of fish or mussels, i.e. biomarkers. The methods currently available are not optimal for offshore-relevant contaminants and there is limited knowledge of whether responses change over  time (adaptation). This project aims to use state-of-the-art methods both to identify effects at an early point in a deleterious process and to identify changes in responses over time. The project will use zebrafish as a model to identify early responses  using microarray technology. Results from the zebrafish studies will be carried over to a one-year study in which Atlantic cod will be exposed through water to selected offshore effluent (produced water) components, i.e. alkylphenols and PAHs. In additio n to screening by microarray analyses, fish will be analysed for a range of contaminant-specific, contaminant-related and health related endpoints at regular intervals during long-term exposures. At the end of the exposures of both fish, hatching success will be determined. The project will produce new knowledge of responses to long-term low level and intermittent exposure to contaminants. It will further identify endpoints that are suitable for monitoring and enable an improved assessment of methods curr ently in use.

Predicting chronic effects in Fish from sublethal markers

We will use traditional and new multivariate statistical methods to analyse effects of using oil-based and non-oli-based drilling fluids on the benthos of the Norwegian continental shelf.  These methods allow one to test hypotheses of cause and effect and  thus may move from a descriptive to a predictive tool. In order to do such analyses datasets will have to be selected which comply with set criteria.

Most SSDs are based on laboratory data and often from non-marine species. We have started development o f field-based SSDs which show the combined effects of a variety of chemicals. plots for Ba, Cd, Cu and PAHs show encouraging results and we will plot a wide variety of SSDs for combined data and data split into sub-sets varying sediment properties and dep th.Such SSDs will be of great benefit as management tools for minimising effects on the marine environment

The present monitoring programme is probably not efficient for the stated purposes. We will erect scenarios and test whether a reduced sampling pro gramme can give similar accuracy and precision in monitoring effects of the industry on the marine environment. A series of simulations will be done on selected data chosen to illustrate temporal and spatial changes. The results should be of interest to b oth environmental authorities and oil companies.

Environmental effects of oil and gas exploration on the benthic fauna of the Norwegian continental shelf: an analysis using the OLF database

There are presently three on-going PROOF projects at RF-Akvamiljø and Institute of Marine Research (IMR) concerning effects of produced water components in cod. The projects have different objectives, and they focus on different aspects of effects in fish . Consequently, the studies vary in the way the fish are exposed to contaminants, as well as in the measurements of contaminant uptake, responses in the fish, and effect endpoints.
The projects have, however, a close thematic relationship, and the informa tion value of the results will be strongly augmented by making it possible to compare the levels of exposure and effects between them. The additional experiment applied for will establish a basis to relate oral (dietary) and waterborne uptake of produced water components. This is an essential aspect that will improve the basis for interpreting all the three "parent" projects, and also to relate more precisely the results of other studies to them. This will increase the usefulness of the results for regula tory purposes, such as determination of critical discharge limits, monitoring threshold levels, etc.
The on-going projects will contribute to the common study within their existing budget frames. The data will be issued in a common report and integrated i n the separate parent projects. In particular, the results will be used to clarify and quantify differences in uptake and effect responses to different modes of dietary and waterborne exposure in cod. These aspects of the results will be considered publis hed in collaboration by the involved participants.

Comparative oral and water based exposures of cod to produced water components.

The unresolved complex mixtures (UCMs) of petrogenic oils represent recalcitrant fractions of the oil after discharges to the marine water column. UCMs may resist both evaporative and biodegradation processes in the water column, and photo-transformation processes may result in toxic UCM-related compounds. Extensive parts of the UCM consist of water-soluble polar compounds which are bioavailable, and the UCM has been associated with toxicity to marine organisms. This project will in 2005 focus on the effe cts of the UCM found in petrogenic oils and the water-soluble fractions (WSFs) of the oils. Bioassay-assisted fractionation procedures will be initiated with a number of rapid screening bioassays to compare the toxicities of different UCM-fractions separa ted by established chemical techniques. Chemical characterization of the most toxic fractions will be performed mainly as a part of another NFR-sponsored project (NFR project 157673). The sub-acute effects of selected UCM-fractions on marine phytoplankton  photosystem II will also be examined. Relevant data may be used in existing exposure models. Two in-reservoir biodegraded oils (Heidrun Åre and Troll) will be used as UCM-rich oils, while a paraffinic Statfjord oil (low UCM) will be used as reference oil . The impacts of some oil weathering processes (sea surface evaporation and photo-transformation) will be used to increase the contribution of the UCM in the oil WSFs. Toxicity-related data will be available for exposure model tools (Oscar, Dream), either  for the whole UCM-fraction representing one pseudo-oil compound group, or separated in several toxic fractions partially characterized by chemical analysis. 



The unresolved complex mixture (UCM) of petrogenic oils: Impacts in the seawater column

Effects of contaminants on an organism start at the molecular level, and are transferred to higher levels of biological organization if the exposure is persistent and toxicological repair is overwhelmed. Long-term effects of produced water on the reproduc tion of Atlantic cod can therefore be studied at the molecular level. This project aims at utilising proteomic based techniques to study and identify possible changes in protein expression due to such exposure. We believe that this approach may detect pos sible changes with an unbiased eye. We want to further develop proteomics based technology, i.e. 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) combined with different mass spectrometry techniques and database search to identify mechanisms involved due to expos ure of Atlantic cod to produced water from oil and gas production. An important aim is to develop new biomarkers to be used in future biomonitoring programmes. This will be applied to laboratory experiments and field samplings. As one of the concerns of t hese discharges are endocrine disruptive effects from alkylated phenols, we will focus on changes in plasma, but also study other organs like gonads and liver in addition to whole larvae extracts.

3 - Effects of produced water to Atlantic cod: Mechanistic studies and biomarker development with proteomics based methods.

Large amount of produced water containing elevated levels of radionuclides is discharged to the sea in connection with oil and gas production on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. So far no study has been performed to assess the potential radiological effec ts on marine biota in connection with radionuclide discharges to the North Sea. The produced water contains elevated levels of 226Ra and 228Ra. It is normally assumed that when this water, which is poor in sulphate, gets in contact with seawater rich in s ulphate, RaSO4 precipitates. The precipitated salts can then attach to other organic or inorganic particles and sequentially settle to the bottom close to the installation. Data on the speciation of radium, and the effect of major components in produced w ater on the speciation of radium, is however sparse. 

In today’s oil production, several chemicals are added, i.e. scale and corrosion inhibitors, emulsion breakers and surfactants, sulphide removers, etc. These chemicals are usually organic compounds co mprising functional groups, which may also interact with cations such as Ra2+. Thus, radium may exist in compounds more easily accessible for uptake in biota than the inorganic aqueous or food-borne form. An understanding of how different compounds in pro duced water affect the mobility, bioavailability and sedimentation of radium is essential to determine the fate and effects of radium discharges. For evaluation purposes the behaviour of produced water radium must be compared to radium already present in seawater. 

An assessment of existing data on natural radioactivity in the North Sea has revealed a lack of data in this area. This project aims at assessing this problem thorough an interdisiplinary study comprising survey of background levels, mobility studies of relevant radioactive isotopes, bioavailability studied at controlled environments, studies on effects on biota, modelling of the discharge, and calculation of doses to biota and humans.

Radioactivity in produced water from Norwegian oil and gas installations - concentrations, bioavailability and doses to marine biota

3 -  Effects on development, sex differentiation and reproduction of cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to produced water during early life stages

Impacts of drilling mud discharges on water column organism and filter feeding bivalves

Experimental tests of petroleum-associated components on benthos at community, individual, and cellular levels - EXPAC -

Integrating monitoring methods for impacts of offshore discharges to the North Sea - IMONIT

Effects of off-shore oil industry related discharges in the Arctic

Long-term effects of offshore discharges on cold water zooplankton: establishing a test system for chronic exposure

Establishment of the gill EROD assay as a biomarker of oil and produced water discharge

Chemical Characterisation of Polar Components in Produced Water

Weathering of marine oil spills under Arctic conditions

Long-term -chronic - effects of produced water effluents affecting reproduction in marine crustacean plankton

Pollutant exposure and effects in fish related to the discharge of produced water in the North Sea oil industry

3 - Hormone disruption and possible DNA damage on fish of alkylphenols in produced water from offshore oil installations

Crude oil pollution measured in discharged processed water flows using optical polarisation

Validation of methods and data for Environmental Risk Assessment off-shore

Algorithms for automatic detection of oil spills in SAR images - ADOS -

Prosjektet fokuserer på langtidseffekter av alkylfenoler som forekommer i produksjonsvann fra oljeplattformer på fisk og følger dermed opp nylig gjennomførte undersøkelser på torsk ved Havforskningsinstituttet. Første del av prosjektet omfatter videreutvi kling av metoder for analyse av alkylfenoler i sjøvann og biota, histologiske undersøkelser for å finne målbare kriterier for normal kjønnsutvikling hos torsk, og etablering av biokjemiske metoder for å studere mekanismer bak effektene alkylfenoler har på  fisk. Metodene benyttes til å studere virkningsmekanismer i fiskeceller <i>in vitro</i>, og til undersøkelser av kjønnsutvikling og kjønnshormonmetabolisme hos torskeyngel som eksponeres for alkylfenoler i et eksperimentelt oppsett. Dette kan gi indikasj oner på tidskritiske vinduer der torsken er mer sårbar for påvirkning av kjemisk forurensning som kan forstyrre kjønnsutviklingen og dermed reproduksjonen. Metodene vil senere kunne anvendes for å gi detaljkunnskap om kjønnsutvikling og mekanismer og derm ed et bedre grunnlag for å evaluere langtidseffekter av kjemisk forurensning på fisk.

Hormonforstyrrende effekter av miljøgifter i produksjonsvann fra oljeinstallasjoner

Det finnes et stort behov for økt kunnskap om virkningene, spesielt langtidsvirkningene, av regulære utslipp av kjemikalier og oljeholdig produksjonvann fra petroleumsvirksomheten på norsk sokkel. Som et ledd i arbeidet med å framskaffe slik kunnskap skis seres et prosjekt hvor en vil studere bestemte bioeffekter av produsert vann. En vet at eksponering for visse stoffgrupper som finnes i produksjonsvann, f.eks. alkylfenoler, kan medføre endokrinologiske forstyrrelser både hos mennesker, andre mammalske or ganismer og fisk, med reproduksjonsproblemer som den endelige konsekvens. Problemet omfattes av den grunn med stor interesse både i vitenskapelige kretser og massemedia. 
Undersøkelsen gjøres ved å eksponere egg, larver og yngel direkte til produksjonsvan n og drette yngel videre fram til kjønnsmodning for å se om produksjonsvann kan påvirke kjønnsdifferensieringen. Hormonell status vil bli undersøkt ved å ta blodprøver av fisken for å se om produksjonsvannet påvirker nivået av kjønnshormonene østradiol-17 ^X og testosteron. En vil også grundig studere egg og larveutvikling samt sammenligne vekst og overlevelse av de ulike larvegruppene gjennom startfôringsfasen og senere yngelstadium.

FORNY20-FORNY2020

KVAL: AlbuVax- Improved mucosal vaccine delivery

Alternative title: AlbuVax - Forbedret leveranse av vaksine over slimhinne

Awarded: NOK 0.50 mill.

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FORNY20-FORNY2020

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