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From the SEA to the SOLution. An integrative assessment of marine pollution in a changing Arctic

Marine chemical pollution poses known threats to human health and to biodiversity, ecosystem and societal services. The Arctic is a major sink of global mercury (Hg) pollution. Arctic sediments, sea and glacial ice constitute vast Hg reservoirs. Recent studies raise concerns about their increasing role as local Hg sources. In a rapidly warming Arctic, the consequences of potentially increased environmental Hg on marine biota remain unknown. The objective of SEASOL is to identify the pathway(s) of Hg bioaccumulation in marine food webs of the High Arctic Kongsfjorden (Svalbard). This changing glacial fjord is recognised as a ‘natural laboratory’ of climate change in the Arctic. The fellow’s earlier research has shown the sole measurement of Hg levels as insufficient to connect biotic Hg dynamics to environmental change, whereas the analysis of Hg stable isotopes proved to be a promising tool for source discrimination and biotic transfer. SEASOL will build on the novel application of stable isotope analysis to identify the sources of Hg within the fjord system and the pathways to Hg accumulation within sentinel marine species. On the short-term, the study will provide fundamental knowledge to help understand how emerging sources of Hg from rapid environmental change will impact Arctic marine predators. On the long-term, SEASOL will contribute to the development of early-warning, adaptive management strategies, including modelling, for mitigating the cumulative impact of pollutants and climate change on Arctic marine species. This multidisciplinary approach and the central position of the host institution (Norwegian Polar Institute) in the field of Polar Research will equip the Fellow with a broad set of new skills and lay the foundation for building her specific niche as a future leader in marine pollution science.

Optimization of Free Space Optical Communication Link based Drones for Search and Rescue Operations in the Arctic Region

The Arctic region is witnessing more frequent shipping accidents than ever which require accurate search and rescue operations. The existing communication systems use drones with radio frequency (RF) technology, which has limited bandwidth and cannot offer 4G/5G connectivity due to harsh weather constraints. It further limits the capacity of drones and affects the resolution of images and videos. The current research proposes to design free space optical communication (FSOC) link-based drones that can enhance connectivity between multiple drones and rescue ships as well as the capacity of drones to produce high resolution images and videos. The proposed FSOC-based drones can provide highspeed connectivity than the existing RF technology. The research will collect atmospheric turbulences data from the Arctic region and use it for designing the FSOC link. Furthermore, to enhance the capacity of FSOC-based drones, the research will design advanced multiplexing schemes (Mode Division Multiplexing and Orthogonal Code Division Multiple Access) and to ensure link stability, omnidirectional receiver will be designed. The research will further evaluate the performance of proposed FSOC link under the impact of various atmospheric turbulences. The expected outcomes of this research will lead to the optimisation of FSOC-based drones in expanding search areas and improving communication systems for SAR operations in the Arctic region.

AQUASERV – RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES FOR SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE, FISHERIES AND THE BLUE ECONOMY

The overarching objectives of AQUASERV are to bring together, enhance, integrate and customise RI capacities (including facilities, instruments and expertise) and through the provision of transnational access (on-site or remote) and/or virtual access, to significantly further scientific advance and promote and facilitate the implementation of European Common Fisheries Policy, the Farm to Fork Strategy, the Sustainable Blue Economy and the European Green Deal. 

AQUASERV will achieve these objectives by offering scientists from academia and business remote and on-site transnational (TA) and virtual (VA) access to an advanced set of European research infrastructures and its nodes related to research and management of marine and freshwater biological resources, food and biotechnology. These include the European Marine Biological Resource Centre ERIC (EMBRC), the Analysis and Experimentation on Ecosystems ERIC, The Aquaculture for Excellence for Aquaculture in Fish (Aquaexcel), and the Infrastructure for Promoting Metrology in Food and Nutrition (METROFOOD), as well as the International Council for Exploration of the Sea, both a service provider and stakeholder. It also includes the Research Infrastructure for Science and Innovation Policy Studies (RISIS) to bring contributions from the social sciences and to bring results nearer to policy makers ensuring societal impact. 

To enhance, integrate and customise RI capacities, collaboration between partners and new pipelines to meet the objectives of the project will be developed during the first 3 years and will make available  to users.  To ensure these capacities will not be lost, a sustainability work package involving stakeholders will address the project legacy.  

To maximize impact, AQUASERV will build a communication network among the partnership and develop a dissemination and outreach programme. Furthermore, an advanced training programme will be developed to capture future users and will be updated during the p

Aqua Research Infrastructure Services for the health and protection of our unique, oceans, seas and freshwater ecosystems

AQUARIUS will provide a highly comprehensive suite of integrated research infrastructures appropriate to addressing significant challenges for the long-term sustainability of our unique oceans, seas and freshwater ecosystems. For the first time, diverse research infrastructures will be combined to facilitate the work of researchers and key stakeholders focused on challenges and opportunities for both marine and freshwater systems. An impressive range of 57 research infrastructure services will be made available to include research vessels, mobile marine observation platforms, aircraft,  drones, satellite, sensors, fixed freshwater and marine observatories and test sites, experimental facilities, and sophisticated data infrastructures. AQUARIUS will support the development phase of the EU Mission to Restore our Ocean and waters by 2030, the Sustainable Blue Economy Partnership, the European Green Deal, and international climate initiatives. It will also be an essential component in achieving the European Digital Twin of the Ocean and the UN Decade for Ocean Sciences. The needs of researchers will be met through a robust and transparent system of transnational access funding Calls, facilitated by centralised user-friendly access portal. The Call programme will be informed through stakeholder engagement and brokerage events. Projects to be selected for Access must convincingly integrate multiple infrastructures and contribute to the core policy objectives of Mission Ocean, that is, to protect and restore marine and freshwater ecosystems and biodiversity; to prevent and eliminate pollution of our oceans, seas and waters; and to ensure a sustainable, carbon-neutral and circular blue economy. A thematic and geographic focus will be the hallmark of the proposed transnational Calls, aligning with the Lighthouse Regions, that is, the Baltic and the North Sea Basins, Black Sea, Atlantic/Arctic, and Mediterranean Sea along with their associated rivers.

Advance Marine Research Infrastructures Together

The European Ocean Observing System (EOOS) is the foundation of European ocean knowledge. The core Marine Research Infrastructures (MRIs) focused on ocean observing (EMSO, EURO-ARGO and ICOS ERICs; EuroFleets+, EuroGoShip, GROOM RI, JERICO RI and MINKE as INFRA projects) are the main providers of in situ ocean data for the EOOS and Copernicus, and the primary managers of instrumental capacity supporting fundamental research.
These MRIs are aware that the lack of effective cross coordination prevents them from fully supporting frontier research, while the lack of integration makes it difficult to reach a critical mass for EOOS and results in significant cost duplication. Accordingly, AMRIT gathers these MRIs together with OceanOPS/WMO international coordination experience with the objective to:
- ensure seamless operation of marine observation platforms ;
- ensure the full nominal use of sensors and accelerate their evolution ;
- exploit the complementarity of the various observation platforms ;
- ensure the overall coherence of the ocean data value chain.
To achieve these objectives, AMRIT will design and implement an EOOS Technical Support Center (EOOS TSC) for
- a fully integrated information service across the data value chain from early planning stages to final delivery to users;
- a cross-platform fully standardised data acquisition methodology for Essential Ocean Variables;
- a collaborative federal structure to operate these services, relying on the ERIs and their members.
The EOOS TSC will be the cornerstone in establishing and maintaining the EOOS, upon which European ocean observing can be strengthened in the coming decades. AMRIT will provide a catalyst for the development and consolidation of MRIs throughout Europe, providing a benchmark for operational coordination and collaboration. AMRIT will advance EOOS in line with its 2023-2027 Strategy and beyond, and the European Commission's ambitions for sharing responsibility in ocean observing across Europe.

Improve offshore infrastructure resilience against geohazards towards a changing climate

POSEIDON brings together an interdisciplinary and intersectoral team to deliver a professionally trained next-generation network of Doctoral Candidates to develop a step change in our capacity to identify, map, assess and predict offshore geohazards and in turn produce ground-breaking methods to prevent, mitigate and boost the resilience of current offshore infrastructure under a changing climate. The consortium is formed by experts across EU countries with universities, research institutions, industry partners and a government body to cover a full training programme on scientific and transferable skills. 

The programme will undertake critical research across scales (from micro to macro) for seeking the inner links and differences, with an eventual aim to ascertain the pathways and grow our capacity for the enhancement of the existing and the robust development of new offshore infrastructure in the frame of safety and resiliency. In addition to the informed design and implementation of the novel physical/numerical modelling and lab studies, our approach is unique in the solid integration and utilisation of state-of-the-art data science technologies (e.g., data mining, machine learning, etc.) to their full potential. Only through this systematic approach, we can achieve the objectives of understanding the impact of offshore geohazards on our offshore critical infrastructures (OCIs) and developing novel models, tools and designs for future OCIs, such as, wind turbines, pipelines and cables. 

The Doctoral Candidates will enjoy a highly integrated, interdisciplinary and intersector training environment, enriched through secondments with the network of non-academics. POSEIDON enables critical learning across all training aspects to ensure that comprehensive, robust and implementable solutions are obtained and validated to face the OCIs climate-resilient building.

POLARIN: POLAR RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORK

The polar regions play a key role in the Earth’s system. They are essential for our climate and are sentinels of climate change, human expansion, and the hunt of new resources. The polar regions are losing ice, and their oceans and land are changing rapidly. The consequences of this polar transition extend to the whole planet and are affecting people in multiple ways. Evidence-based policy recommendations are needed, but the polar regions are difficult to reach, and research infrastructures able to operate in these regions are scarce. To understand and predict key processes in the polar regions and provide evidence-based information, the polar research community needs access to world-class research infrastructure operating in these regions.
POLARIN is an international network of polar research infrastructures and their services, aiming at addressing the scientific challenges of the polar regions. The network includes a wide array of complementary and interdisciplinary top level research infrastructures: Arctic and Antarctic research stations, research vessels and icebreakers operating at both poles, observatories, data infrastructures and ice and sediment core repositories. POLARIN will provide integrated, challenge-driven, and combined access to these infrastructures to facilitate interdisciplinary research on complex processes. 
POLARIN will:
1.	Provide challenge-driven transnational access to a large portfolio of research infrastructures. 
2.	Improve the access to data by improving data availability and interoperability between data infrastructures. 
3.	Provide virtual access to data and data services. 
4.	Provide data products for the scientific community and decision makers.
5.	Train the young generation of polar researchers in optimally exploiting the infrastructures for their research.
6.	Duly advertise the services offered by POLARIN and engage the infrastructure users to share their research outcomes with society.


Land-Sea interface: Let’s observe together!

LandSeaLot will link together in situ, model and earth observations (EO) and connect related communities, citizens and initiatives such as Copernicus, ESA, EEA, GEOSS, EMODnet and the European Digital Twin of the Ocean. These observations will be used in a gap analysis to co-design a common land-sea interface observation strategy and an implementation plan. LandSeaLot participants will simultaneously work on improving: in situ and EO capabilities, models to reduce the model/observations gap and the integration of model, in situ and satellite data. Observation capacity will be increased through tested, improved and guided use of low-cost technology by citizens, facilitated by the network of European marinas. The technologies selected will be piloted in Integration Labs (ILs) together with improved and integrated in situ and EO observation techniques and model outputs. LandSeaLot ILs will cover selected areas in the Black, Aegean, Mediterranean, Atlantic, North and Baltic Seas, with a range of catchment, tidal and meteorological regimes. Experts and citizen science leaders will work in the ILs together with JERICO-RI, DANUBIUS-RI and ICOS-ERIC, and with regional policy makers and managers to tailor integrated observations that will provide them with information to manage societal challenges. These will include assessment of the lateral carbon flux and stock, plastics transfer, nutrients impact on primary production and eutrophication, supporting biodiversity conservation, improving modeling capability and supporting climate change adaptation (storm surge, floods, heat waves, coastal erosion, saltwater intrusion). Data generated in the ILs will be made FAIR available via EMODnet and interoperability, and semantic solutions for existing, international data flows will be developed. Relevant communities will be engaged by workshops, conferences, training, a high-tech summit and by a communication strategy including videos and policy briefs to ensure LandSeaLot’s legacy.

Material Science Innovation for Accelerated, Sustainable and Safe Implementation of Carbon Capture and Storage

MISSION-CCS presents a timely and unique doctoral network designed to deliver the next generation of highly trained researchers and entrepreneurs in the field of material science, specifically focused towards accelerating implementation of carbon capture and storage CCS technologies worldwide and ensuring the sustainable and safe operation of existing and future CCS systems.

The training network combines unique experimental system design and modelling approaches, state-of-the-art analytical technologies and techno-economic analysis to deliver a new generation of researchers and entrepreneurs. The programme of research training centres of delivering Doctoral Candidate Researchers (DCRs) with world-leading technical expertise in material science and engineering relevant to the entire CCS process. MISSION-CCS ensures that the subject-specific technical knowledge of each DCRs is under-pinned by inter-sectorial knowledge whilst also promoting wider innovation skills and relevant training on the techno-economics of CCS, developing experts with breadth of knowledge.

A central aim of the network is to forge a strong cohort culture, by ensuring that peer-to-peer learning and mutual support become the norm, in order to enhance experience. Research-led training activities are strengthened through a dynamic and interactive education based programme delivered by an internationally renowned consortium of academics and industrialists with complementary skills. As part of the training programme, subsequent to an introduction to CCS systems and the specific material science challenges, DCRs will gain knowledge of system design and optimisation, state-of-the-art analytical methods, theoretical modelling, techno-economics, and understand the challenges of exploiting their research. They will also acquire proficiency in project management, communication, entrepreneurship, and innovation; all essential attributes for any modern technical professional.

Optimisation of digital catch monitoring and reporting in European Fisheries

 OptiFish will strive to provide technological solutions that will simultaneously improve the sustainability of fisher’s operations, enhance control processes and strengthen society’s trust in their products.
OptiFish will develop, test and recommend a set of innovative technologies and tools supported by artificial intelligence (AI) to provide the management, the fishing sector and the scientist with data on catch volumes, catch compositions and the fishing environment. 
The goal is to unlock the full potential of technologies such as electronic and genetic monitoring for automated species recognition based on AI and computer vision to reduce discards, unreported landings and unreported fishing activities, ultimately establishing  a fisheries control and enforcement system fit for the digital age. The technologies are not enough alone, it is also critical to consider the combination of technologies and the integration of computer vision models, the wide range of data sources and their subsequent formats, while also addressing stakeholders needs and acceptance. 
This goal cannot be achieved by a single project, which is why the aim of OptiFish is to lay a solid foundation for full technological development from which other projects and initiatives can be built. The project will place a strong focus on species recognition in different fisheries equipped with distinctly different catch handling facilities and in different European sea basins. 
To ensure that these innovations are relevant to fisheries management, OptiFish has participation from the Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries, and has received written support from the European Fisheries Control Agency (EFCA), the Basque, Danish and Belgian Fisheries authorities.



Midlene fra VAM-Velferd, arbeid og migrasjon fordelt på år

Midlene fra VAM-Velferd, arbeid og migrasjon fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra VAM-Velferd, arbeid og migrasjon fordelt på fagområde

Seniorrådgiver

NORDFORSK samarbeid - Pandemiens konsekvenser for barn og unge i Norden

At a time when streaming platforms provide access to film and television from all over the world, DIGISCREENS focuses on how these platforms contribute to transform social and cultural dynamics in Europe. The project asks how the increased possibilities for audiences to watch audiovisual content from a great geographical diversity affect our construction of identity and understanding of the other, as well as our negotiation of democratic values such as equality, inclusion, and solidarity. 
By looking at film and TV series available on streaming platforms in Norway, Sweden, France, Spain and Lithuania, we will examine what content comes onto our screens, what this content tells us about ourselves and about others, and how we interpret and integrate it in our conception of identities and democracy. This study also aims to investigate algorithmic recommendations of content and the creation of ‘filter bubbles’, as well as the new European policies for increasing diversity and equality on screen.

At a time when streaming platforms provide access to film and television from all over the world, DIGISCREENS focuses on how these platforms contribute to transform social and cultural dynamics in Europe. The project asks how the increased possibilities for audiences to watch audiovisual content from a great geographical diversity affect our construction of identity and understanding of the other, as well as our negotiation of democratic values such as equality, inclusion, and solidarity. 

DIGISCREENS is a transdisciplinary project that studies film and TV distribution, reception, and representation in the light of the last decades’ policies for increased diversity and inclusivity on screen. In particular, we problematise how European distribution policies and individualised algorithms govern public and commercial platforms, creating both “filter bubbles” and a promise of common democratic values and models of identity.

By investigating digital film and TV distribution, representation, and reception in Norway, Sweden, France, Spain and Lithuania, this project discusses how transnational distribution and consumption of audiovisual content may create social encounters and a sense of global integration. By combining methodologies from media studies, anthropology, literature, cultural and political analysis, we compare how members of different social and cultural groups perceive their roles, rights and democratic participation in contemporary Europe.

Identities and Democratic values on European digital screens: Distribution, reception, and representation

Basisutstillinger blir oftest satt opp i forbindelse med åpning av et museum. De endres lite over tid, blir ofte utdatert faglig, tilfredsstiller ikke lenger museumspolitiske føringer som myndighetene legger. Grunnen til at en basisutstilling blir stående over lengre tid er fordi det er dyrt å skifte den ut, og formidlings- og samlingsansvarlige bruker lang tid på å lage nye basisutstillinger.

I prosjektet vil jeg undersøke hvordan vi kan endre en basisutstilling etter tre museumspolitiske føringer fra museumsmeldingen 2021-2022. 
1. Museet bør sette søkelys på en formidling som er tilrettelagt for mangfoldet. Her ønsker jeg å diskutere universell utforming som er én av kategoriene til mangfold, og som også er et viktig satsingsområde i Regjeringens handlingsplan for 2021-2025. 
2. Krav om formidling via digitale plattformer. Her vil jeg se på den digitale protypen, situerte simuleringer, som er utviklet ved Lofotmuseet i Kabelvåg og Vikingskipshuset i Oslo. Jeg vil diskutere om den digitale løsningen kan være egnet til å formidle nyere forskning og tilfredsstille kravene til universell utformet formidling ved Lofotr Vikingmuseum.
3. En formidling som fremhever kysthistorie. Jeg har begrenset kysthistorie periodisk og geografisk til å omfatte henholdsvis Vestvågøy i yngre jernalder/tidlig middelalder.

Lofotr Vikingmuseum på Borg i Lofoten har en basisutstilling som er 11 år gammel. I prosjektet kommer jeg med forslag til hvordan vi kan endre denne basisutstillingen ved å bruke de tre museumspolitiske føringene, oppdatere det faglige innholdet og undersøke museets brukergruppe og deres behov. Å bruke Lofotr Vikingmuseum som en kasusstudie i prosjektet gir meg muligheten til å diskutere basisutstillinger på et forskningsnivå. Det er ikke bare Lofotr Vikingmuseum som sliter med dette problemet – utdaterte basisutstillinger. Her er det mulig å komme med forslag som også kan brukes ved flere andre norske museer.

På Lofotr Vikingmuseum på Borg i Lofoten er flere av de arkeologiske strukturene i terrenget ikke lengre synlige, og funnkontekst og gjenstander er adskilt. Besøkende ser og forstår ikke hele den kulturelle og historiske betydningen av området. Målet med prosjektet er å finne en digital metode til hvordan brukere kan navigere i tid og rom i et stort kulturlandskap, med forskjellige kulturminner fra ulike perioder, der gjenstander er separert fra kontekst og samling. Dette er problemstillinger som er relevante for en stor del av museumssektoren i Norge, og vil bli belyst gjennom en kasusstudie ved Lofotr Vikingmuseum.

I prosjektet vil det utvikles flere «mini» prototyper som blir flettet inn i én prototype med fokus på å fremstille kulturminner og gjenstander på Lofotr Vikingmuseum gjennom lokasjonsbaserte medier. Det vil utvikles, testes og evalueres prototyper igjennom prosjektet. Innholdet skal bestå av arkeologisk informasjon basert på nyere forskning. Jeg skal utvikle spørreundersøkelser og gjøre observasjoner på brukergrupper, hvor de tester ut prototypen på museumsområdet. Det er viktig å forstå deres erfaringer, særlig knyttet til relasjonen mellom autentisitet og lokasjonsbaserte medier.
Avslutningsvis vil jeg diskutere det digitale faglige innholdet opp mot autentisitet, basert på en modernisert utgave av Benjamins (1936) begrep aura, og testgruppens opplevelse av prototypen. Det gjør jeg også ved å diskutere Jay D. Bolters og Richard Grusins (2000) begreper remediation og immediacy.

Basisutstillinger – i skvis mellom myndighetenes museumspolitiske føringer, ulike brukergrupper og tilvekst av forskning

Målet med prosjektet er å oppgradere fourMs-lab'en ved Universitetet i Oslo med nye teknologier for å studere menneskelig bevegelse og fysiologi. Systemene som skal kjøpes inn vil muliggjøre mye mer nøyaktige målinger enn tidligere. Det vil også være mulig å kombinere bevegelsessporing med blikksporing og målinger av pust, puls og muskelspenning.

The fourMs Lab (Music, Mind, Motion, Machines) is a world-class infrastructure for studies of human movement and physiology in an immersive multimedia environment. It is primarily used to study music-related body movement, music performance, and music psychology. It has also increasingly been used for linguistics, dance, sports, and well-being in recent years. The lab is central to the activities of the RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, which has been a Norwegian Centre of Excellence since 2017. 

Funding is sought for upgrading the primary motion capture system of the lab. The original motion capture system from Qualisys was purchased in 2009, and the more than 10-year old equipment is in dire need of replacement. Newer motion capture systems have much better spatial and temporal resolution than the current setup, allowing for higher accuracy and precision recording. We have recently also experienced several failures and errors related to the age of electronics in the old system. This has caused downtime in the lab when different system parts have had to be sent for repair. There is a need to upgrade the primary hardware. 

Over the years, we have seen a growing interest in combining motion capture with other types of measurements, including physiological sensing (muscle tension, respiration, heart rate) and eye-tracking. We, therefore, also apply for purchasing some add-on systems, which would allow for more complex data collection. Finally, we will need to integrate the new and old systems to synchronize the collected data properly. 

All in all, these upgrades and new investments are necessary for the fourMs Lab to continue to be a state-of-the-art research facility for the years to come. If funded, it will further strengthen the University of Oslo as a world-leading institution for empirical music research, and open for even more interdisciplinary and international collaboration.

fourMs Lab Upgrade

Materialkombinasjoner og nedbrytning – en utfordring innen konservering av musikkinstrumenter

Det overordnede målet med dette prosjektet er å frembringe kunnskap om nedbrytning og konservering av musikkinstrumenter i museumssamlinger. Materialsammensetningen og nedbrytingsmekanismer i mikromiljøer vil bli undersøkt, og det skal utvikles strategier for konservering, for å forebygge uopprettelig tap av kulturarv.

Fokus vil være på langtidsmagasinerte historiske musikkinstrumenter laget mellom 1800–1950. På en rekke instrumenter er det observert en tilbakevendende utvikling av kontaktkorrosjon, selv under kontrollerte lagringsforhold. Metallstrenger både på tasteinstrumenter og strengeinstrumenter påvirkes. Metallstrenger i direkte kontakt med organiske materialer som filt, lær eller plast, har en tendens til å korrodere og ryke. Ved ugunstige materialkombinasjoner kan kontakten mellom materialene lede til kraftig fremskyndelse av uønsket nedbrytning. Analyser på atom- og nanoskala vil kunne bidra til å kaste mer lys over prosessene som foregår ved nedbryting.

Dokumentasjon av korrosjonsfenomenet har blitt utført gjennom observasjon av musikkinstrumenter fra samlingene ved Ringve Musikkmuseum i Trondheim. Dette arbeidet vil bli videreført ved flere musikkinstrumentsamlinger internasjonalt. Å skape en helhetlig oversikt over forekomsten av korrosjonsfenomenet vil kunne svare på spørsmålene om hvilke materialkombinasjoner hos musikkinstrumenter som blir mest påvirket, og hvor ofte disse forekommer. Disse materialene vil stå i søkelyset for en videre utvikling av metoder for konservering.

Prosjektet er et samarbeid mellom Institutt for materialteknologi ved Norges teknisk- naturvitenskapelige universitet (NTNU) og Ringve Musikkmuseum / Rockheim – Norges Nasjonalmuseum for populærmusikk, Museene i Sør-Trøndelag (MiST). Museet skal være en plattform for formidling av prosjektets resultater til et allment publikum.

Prosjektet fokuserer på å forsinke nedbrytningsprosesser av kunst- og kulturarv i museumssamlinger. Museenes samfunnsoppdrag er å forvalte, forske og formidle samlingene i et langtidsperspektiv. For å møte dette oppdraget skal samlingene bevares og konservering være basert på ny forskning.

Nedbryting av gjenstandsdeler og materialer i historiske musikkinstrumenter er det primære studieobjektet. Musikkinstrumenter består av et mangfold av kombinasjoner av uerstattelige materialer med spesialisert form, produksjonsteknikk og spesifikke materialegenskaper for å skape lyd. Dette gjelder både strenge-, blåse-, taste- og membraninstrumenter, men også elektroniske instrumenter. Ved ugunstige materialkombinasjoner kan kontakten mellom materialene lede til kraftig fremskyndelse av uønskede nedbrytende reaksjoner.

Det skal fokuseres på nedbrytning av metall, spesielt på korrosjon av jern i strenge- og tasteinstrumenter, som er i kontakt med organisk materiale som tekstil, skinn, tre eller plast. Hovedsakelig vil instrumenter med datering fra 1800 til 1950 bli undersøkt.

For å finne de mest utsatte materialkombinasjonene og instrumenttypene skal skadefenomenet i ulike museumssamlinger dokumenteres. Materialanalyser på elementnivå og eksperimentelle forsøk skal bidra til å forstå hvilke reaksjoner som oppstår mellom materialene og det omgivende mikromiljøet. På grunnlag av disse skal det utvikles egnede konserveringsmetoder. Korrosjonsvern utviklet i industriell sammenheng undersøkes for sin anvendelighet på museale musikkinstrumenter.

Forskningsprosjektet omhandler et tverrfaglig tema. Det er hovedsakelig tilknyttet fagene materialteknologi og konserveringsvitenskap, men har også tilknytning til kulturhistorie og organologi. 

Resultatene kan ha stor overføringsverdi på andre typer museumsobjekter som inneholder de nevnte materialkombinasjonene, og er derfor relevant for konservering av kunsthåndverk, malerier eller funksjonelle objekter.

Materialkombinasjoner og nedbrytning - en utfordring innen konservering av musikkinstrumenter

Forskergruppen Ord og vold analyserer kulturlivets demokratiske robusthet og sårbarhet på 1930- og 40-tallet. Dette gjøres ved å bruke statistiske og kvalitative tilnærminger hentet fra en rekke disipliner, og ved å sammenligne norske erfaringer med tilsvarende fra andre land som ble okkupert under andre verdenskrig, spesielt Frankrike. Forskerne undersøker hvorfor forfattere, intellektuelle og kulturarbeidere tok de valgene de gjorde, stilt overfor sensur og terror, men også i møte med en ny type offentlig investering i kultur orkestrert av det fascistiske diktaturet.

Studien begynner med 1930-årenes såkalte kulturkriger og slutter i 1952, da DnF, Norsk forfatterforening, tillot NS-forfatterne som hadde blitt ekskludert i 1945, å melde seg inn igjen i foreningen. I tillegg døde Knut Hamsun, tragediens nøkkelfigur, samme år. Målet er å frembringe solid kunnskap om historiske problemstillinger som er hardt debattert og av stor samtidsrelevans, men som i liten grad har vært gjenstand for systematisk forskning. Forfattere har en privilegert status i spørsmål om norsk identitet og selvforståelse, og det fascistiske engasjementet og landssviket til Hamsun, Norges største romanforfatter, forblir noe av et nasjonalt traume. Anstrengelsene som ble gjort etter krigen for å gjenreise tilliten til forfattere gjennom «æresrettene», er også gjenstand for kontrovers. Samtidig kan man si at det er gjennom krigen og etterkrigsoppgjøret at en samfunnsetikk for forfattere og intellektuelle former seg. 

Erfaringer fra den nye bølgen av høyreradikal politikk i USA og Europa bekrefter et kjent mønster, der høyreintellektuelle mobiliserer autoritære stemninger ved å iscenesette "kulturkriger". Det er nok å nevne navn som Newt Gingrich, Steve Bannon, Aleksandr Dugin og Éric Zemmour. Gitt den fornyede utfordringen fra den autoritære høyresiden, kan kunnskap om hvordan intellektuelle og demokratiske friheter ble forsvart, tapt og gjenvunnet på 1930- og 40-tallet, ha stor samfunnsmessig verdi.

This proposed project will conduct a social network analysis (SNA) of the Norwegian field of literary intellectuals before, during and after the German occupation. The project will draw scientific robustness from systematic cultural sociology, but will also employ other approaches, ranging from digital data mining to archival studies and historically-informed literary analysis. The project will be comparative, drawing on European experience.

Key research questions will be: 
1.	What explains the political positioning of writers and intellectuals during the occupation: literary or non-literary factors? Which groups of writers were most likely to collaborate or to resist nazification when it comes to social origin, geographical trajectory, education, age, gender, genre and literary affiliation, small/large scale of literary production etc, etc.
2.	How were concepts concerning the responsibility of the intellectual and a professional ethic (honors code) for writers and developed during the war and how were they employed during the professional purges (“æresretten”) that followed the war?

As in France (Sapiro 1997) the politico-literary struggles of the 1940s were in many ways a replay of the "culture wars" of the 1930-s, with vengeance often being a strong motive. The formally relatively autonomous literary field became very politized in the 1930’s. As there is no good sociological study of the so-called cultural wars of the 1930s, we would like to draw the study and the narrative back to 1933. The endpoint of the study will be the year 1952, when DNF, the Norwegian writers’ association, allowed the NS-writers who had been expelled in 1945 to rejoin the association. In addition, Knut Hamsun, the key figure of the tragedy, died that year.

One of the work packages will examine the Norwegian cultural experience of the 1930s and 40s from the perspective of democracy theory, examining the democratic vulnerability and resilience of cultural life.

Words and violence. Literary intellectuals between democracy and dictatorship 1933-1952

Det er over 75 år siden andre verdenskrig tok slutt, men interessen og engasjementet for det som skjedde, har ikke avtatt. Historikere og sakprosaforfattere bringer ny informasjon fram, analyserer hendelser og vitnesbyrd fra nye synsvinkler, og kritiserer eller forsvarer etablerte fortellinger. Ikke minst gir krigen stoff til nye fortolkninger i skjønnlitteratur, på teater, film og TV, og i nye formidlingsformer på museer, utstillinger og minnesmerker. Vårt prosjekt har som mål å undersøke disse trendene, for vi antar at svært mye av den allmenne oppfatningen av krigens hendelser er basert på estetisk formidling. Kunstens evne til å levendegjøre personer og situasjoner, bidrar til å fenge interessen for det som skjedde, knytte det til vår samtid, og dessuten tilby både medrivende, tankevekkende og omstridte fortolkninger. Vi spør hvilke temaer som tas opp, hvordan de blir faglig og kunstnerisk behandlet, hvilke diskusjoner de gir anstøt til, og hvilken funksjon de har i ulike offentligheter (kultur, politikk og undervisning). En sentral tanke er at fortiden trer fram i dynamiske forhandlinger mellom eksisterende fortolkninger og nye interesser, og at krigen i Norge blir skapt og gjenskapt som produkt av erindringer og uttrykksformer i endring. Derfor legger prosjektet vekt på å undersøke hvordan krigen trer fram som et komplekst produkt av ulike stemmer, tekster, bilder, objekter og erindringer ut fra betingelser og behov i samtiden.

Cultural memory is a product of representations and performances shaped by circulation, communication and competition between arts and media in the public sphere. To understand the cultural constructions of WWII in contemporary culture, an overarching perspectivism is necessary. This will be achieved through the triangular “post”-approach, as described in WP 1, 2, and 3, as well as by interdisciplinary collaboration. 

We assume that aesthetic articulations play a decisive role in the cultural memory constructions of WWII and will make an ambitious attempt to map the various contributions to this topic. An important part of the mapping will be the establishing of a digital bibliography of texts with specific relevance, as described in WP 4.

Scholars with a distinct expertise from different disciplines (literary studies, film studies, theatre studies, TV-studies, museum pedagogics, and memorial studies) will make in-depth analyses and interpretations of their respective material, but first and foremost approach our principal research questions in a collaborative effort. Our publication and dissemination plan will attend to this strong interdisciplinary profile of our project.

Theories developed within the memory studies field will be applied and developed as described in WPs 1, 2, and 3, and supplied by an innovative exhibition, as described in WP 5.

Making Memories. Contemporary Aesthetic Articulations of Norway in the Second World War.

Målet med prosjektet er å produsere ny kunnskap om den kulturelle, politiske og økonomiske betydningen til det vi kaller «lottodrømmen», ideen om en plutselig, livsomveltende rikdom gjennom den store gevinsten i lotteriet. Vi skal undersøke lottodrømmen som en kulturell figur slik den sirkulerte mellom land, språk og ulike mediale former i Europa, både på 1700-tallet og i dag.

Statsdrevne lotteriselskaper utgjør tunge aktører i europeisk økonomi, gjennom finansiering av idrett, kultur, veldedige formål og frivillig organisasjonsliv. Samtidig har deres posisjon som offentlig forvalter av pengespill vært gjenstand for tilbakevendende debatt, helt fra de moderne statsdrevne lotteriene oppstod på 1600- og 1700-tallet og frem til i dag. Debatten har vært knyttet til politiske og moralske spørsmål omkring spillavhengighet, sosial ulikhet og forholdet mellom borger og stat. Prosjektet skal undersøke hvilken rolle den kulturelle figuren «lotteridrømmen» har spilt i denne politiske og økonomiske utviklingen, ved å studere dens opprinnelse og sirkulasjon på 1700-tallet.

En gruppe internasjonale forskere bestående av litteraturvitere, bok- og kulturhistorikere skal kartlegge og analysere lotteridrømmen i et stort spenn av ulike kulturelle uttrykk og medieformer: aviser, tidsskrifter og almanakker, billedkunst, fiksjonsprosa og teater. Gjennom å undersøke hvordan lotteridrømmen ble formidlet, kritisert, parodiert og lekt med i europeisk kultur fra og med 1700-tallet, har vi som mål å kunne frembringe ny kunnskap om de statsdrevne lotterienes betydning i fremveksten av den moderne europeiske staten, samt om kulturen og kunstens rolle i moderne politisk økonomi og i forholdet mellom stat og borger.

This project examines the invention of the ‘the lottery fantasy’: the dream of financial improvement and social ascension through a sudden, life-changing reversal of fortune. Responding to the present lack of knowledge of the cultural framework of the European lottery institution, the project will produce new knowledge on the cultural foundations underlying the emergence of state-sanctioned lotteries in Europe and their impact on the economic and political development of the modern European state.

The project is the first systematic scholarly endeavour aimed at uncovering and examining the historical importance of the lottery as a financial institution, as a political and moral issue, and as a broad cultural phenomenon. It will examine how the development of the state-sanctioned lottery institution altered the social fabric of European societies in and beyond the eighteenth century, how the lottery fantasy helped reconfigure the relationship between citizen and state in the same period, and how present-day lottery institutions are still affected by these processes.

By drawing on state-of-the-art theoretical explorations into the intersections between literature, culture and economy, combined with perspectives from games studies, book history and periodical studies, the project will provide a systematic and elaborate analysis of the intimate connections between cultural expressions of the lottery and its role in the social and economic realities of Europe in and beyond the eighteenth century, and thus also make an important contribution to new approaches to finance and politics within the Humanities. It combines historical research, textual criticism, and visual analysis, applied on a large-scale corpus, consisting of printed texts and visual art from Italy, France, Britain, Denmark-Norway, and the German- and Dutch-speaking areas.

VAM-Velferd, arbeid og migrasjon

NORDFORSK samarbeid - Pandemiens konsekvenser for barn og unge i Norden

Awarded: NOK 4.0 mill.

Funding scheme:

VAM-Velferd, arbeid og migrasjon

Funding Sources

Thematic Areas and Topics