The project aims to measure the total impact from long-term adverse environmental and psychosocial stress in indigenous populations, such as the Sami. Specifically, we want to explore if these adverse conditions have long-term health effects and how they may differentially influence health in two populations with different exposure. As the Sami population were exposed to the governmental-initiated assimilation policy that lasted a century (roughly from 1850-1960), we hypothesize that Sami and non-Sami have different risks of disease and health outcome due to this. As health outcomes and Biological Health Scores (BSH) are associated with socioeconomic position (SEP), we need to take this into account and explore how BHS varies by SEP. The partners of this proposed project have already shared theoretical and conceptual ideas of how long-term adverse social environmental and psychosocial exposures may become biological. Data to be used will originate from the SAMINOR Study from which we will include the SAMINOR 1 Survey conducted in 24 municipalities in 2003-2004, and the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey conducted in 10 municipalities from 2012-2014.