Access, egress and transfer practices for designing multimodal connectivity.

Making a radical shift from car-based mobility to sustainable modes remains a major challenge in Norway. White Paper 26 (NTP) states that future person-transport growth in the larger cities should be allocated to public and active transport (PT, cycling and walking. A popular measure towards this "green shift" is enforcing urban agreements and extending financial support for urban policy-packages, and a primary focus area is increasing PT ridership. TRANSFER will map out solutions to increase PT ridership in the urban regions. It does so by investigating two well-known yet under-investigated public transport challenges: how people access and egress public transport stops and how people practice and experience transfers if two or more connections are involved. The project will, for the first time in Norway, use a combined quantitative-qualitative assessment of access/egress and transfer (AET) issues by linking urban form, travel behavior, preferences, urban agreements and policy-packaging. The project will further work towards identifying measures for developing sustainable AET solutions. A detail assessment of acceptable and effective measures, by identifying different groups and their opportunities to change travel behaviour, will inform the subsequent recommendation stage. This part will also address the process of adopting such measures in city-networks. In sum, this project will assess the following: -AET practices and experiences, -effectiveness of measures from a policy perspective,-potential impact across different groups in light of citizens? attitudes and political processes. Results will highlight the required specific interventions (e.g. feeder services, infrastructure improvement for bicycles, car-sharing, parking facilities, route-alignment). The project will culminate by recommending ways to insert TRANSFER's inputs in the set of indicators and PT-related measures outlined in the city-networks' urban agreements and policy-packages. Articles with the following thematic focus have been published and a few of them are under consideration at journals, and 4 PhD articles will be delivered in 2022: 1. Integrative governance in Norwegian public-transport to manage access, egress and transfer. 2. Accessibility Mapping Through Linking Land Use Development Potentials and Planning for access, egress and transfer. 3. Commuting by public transport in the Greater-Oslo region: How do people prioritize different elements of a trip, and how does this lead to trade-offs between access, egress, and transfer? 4. Comfort contra efficiency ?route choice 5. Trip (leg) satisfaction and context 6. Public Transport Ridership and Transfers 7. The valued accessibility competitiveness of public transport

The topic of access-egress-transfer is underdeveloped. It gets mentioned in the policy documents, but follow ups and indicators are missing. Most projects catering to access-egress-transfers are ad-hoc, and do not have complete understanding of how different groups are being affected. Focus on this issue can ensure that data gathering, and analyses can feed decisions on inclusive planning of multimodality. TRANSFER has shown how to gather data and conduct analyses at multiple levels. This knowledge is paramount to inform the Urban Growth Agreements and achieving the Zero-Growth Goal. TRANSFER has contributed to the development of new methods to measure and analyse access-egress and transfers: - GPS-assisted travel survey app, also measuring subjective wellbeing. - Integrated background survey, with satisfaction and perceived accessibility measurement instruments. - Mapping landuse growth potentials as function of integrated transport network.

Making a radical shift from car-based mobility to sustainable modes remains a major challenge in Norway. White Paper 26 (NTP) states that future person-transport growth in the larger cities should be allocated to public and active transport (PT, cycling and walking. A popular measure towards this "green shift" is enforcing urban agreements and extending financial support for urban policy-packages, and a primary focus area is increasing PT ridership. TRANSFER will map out solutions to increase PT ridership in the urban regions. It does so by investigating two well-known yet under-investigated public transport challenges: how people access and egress public transport stops and how people practice and experience transfers if two or more connections are involved. The project will, for the first time in Norway, use a combined quantitative-qualitative assessment of access/egress and transfer (AET) issues by linking urban form, travel behavior, preferences, urban agreements and policy-packaging. The project will further work towards identifying measures for developing sustainable AET solutions. A detail assessment of acceptable and effective measures, by identifying different groups and their opportunities to change travel behaviour, will inform the subsequent recommendation stage. This part will also address the process of adopting such measures in city-networks. In sum, this project will assess the following: -AET practises and experiences, -effectiveness of measures from a policy perspective, -potential impact across different groups in light of citizens? attitudes and political processes. Results will highlight the required specific interventions (e.g. feeder services, infrastructure improvement for bicycles, car-sharing, parking facilities, route-alignment). The project will culminate by recommending ways to insert TRANSFER?s inputs in the set of indicators and PT-related measures outlined in the city-networks? urban agreements and policy-packages.