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FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Plant Innate Immunity: Genetically engineered Brassica napus MINELESS plants and its effect on insect and sulphur stresses

The ability to discriminate between self and non-self is a key feature of all living organisms, and forms the basis for the activation of innate defence mechanisms against attempted microbial infection. Interestingly, innate immunity in plants and animals shows striking parallels, suggesting tha...

Tildelt: kr 2,9 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2011

Sted: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Regulation of Autophagy through two Big Protein Complexes; TORC1 and class 3 PI3K

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a master regulator of both growth and catabolic processes, plays a central role in signal transduction pathways mediated by a variety of stress factors. Consequently, dysregulation of mTOR is found in many cancers . Recently, much attention has been focus...

Tildelt: kr 1,00 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2009

Sted: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Copy number variants and predisposition to autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.

A novel form of genetic variation has during the last two years been recognized to be important for human phenotypes and diseases, namely copy number variations (CNVs). CNVs have so far generally been overlooked in searches for susceptibility variants for common multifactorial diseases, however ...

Tildelt: kr 3,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2012

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Down-regulation of gene expression in Gram-positive bacteria using RNase P

"Shoot the messenger"-strategies is a new innovative tool in functional genomic research of both bacteria and mammalian cells. This approach also holds promise for the development of a new class of therapeutics using RNA-molecules to silence unwanted gene expression in vivo. We will explore and ...

Tildelt: kr 1,9 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2011

Sted: Troms - Romsa - Tromssa

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

A novel cell cycle checkpoint in fission yeast

In this project we shall further study and characterise a novel mechanism of checkpoint regulation that we have recently discovered (Tvegård et al, Genes Dev, 2007). Checkpoints are important regulators of the cell cycle and cancer development is frequent ly associated with the lack of checkpoint...

Tildelt: kr 3,0 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2013

Sted: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Measuring Genetic Mating Systems and Sexual Selection Using a Sex-Role Reversed Pipefish.

Summary The interaction between molecular biology and animal behaviour has sparked a new understanding of mating systems and sexual selection. However, controversies remain, and at least ten different mating system metrics have been advocated to best meas ure patterns of mating. One aim of this p...

Tildelt: kr 4,0 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2012

Sted: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Saxitoxin biosynthesis and genomics in organisms from two kingdoms - horizontal gene transfer or parallel evolution?

Paralytic shellfish poisoning is a potentially fatal affliction that results from the consumption of seafood or drinking water, which is infested with the neurotoxic alkaloid saxitoxin and its analogues (PSTs). Although PSTs are produced by a complex and unique biosynthetic pathway, distantly rel...

Tildelt: kr 3,9 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2013

Sted: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Receptors controlling the innate immune system

Myeloid cells are activated quickly at the start of an immune response and play a central role in the orchestration of the secondary, adaptive immune response. The adaptive response is influenced both indirectly, through the secretion of cytokines that re gulate the type of immune response genera...

Tildelt: kr 3,2 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2012

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Viral lysis and programmed cell death in marine phytoplankton

Phytoplankton, accounting for less than 1% of the Earth´s biomass but almost 50% of annual marine net primary production, plays a critical role in global carbon cycling. Mechanisms that control their mortality are, however, still poorly understood, and th e current project, VIPMAP, seek to genera...

Tildelt: kr 4,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2011

Sted: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

"Nutrient tunnelling" and other alternative pathways for mineral nutrients through the microbial food web to copepods.

For more than a century, one of the fundamental challenges in marine sciences has been to understand the structure and function of pelagic food webs. During the past two decades, with the recognition of the importance of microorganisms, much of this resea rch has been directed towards understandi...

Tildelt: kr 3,9 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2011

Sted: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Molecular interactions and signalling mechanisms of 5-HT4 and 5-HT7 serotonin receptors

The basis for the current project is observations in our lab indicating special properties of two serotonin receptors, 5-HT4 and 5-HT7. First, we have demonstrated that the 5-HT7 receptor behaves as if it were preassociated with G protein in the absence of ligand and reduces the signalling capac...

Tildelt: kr 2,3 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2011

Sted: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Molecular mechanisms of LTP consolidation in vivo

The ability of the brain to store information stems from the fundamental plasticity of neuron-to-neuron communication at synapses. Rather than being static entities, synapses can undergo lasting increases or decreases in strength in response to specific i nput patterns. Synaptic plasticity is tho...

Tildelt: kr 5,5 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2012

Sted: Vestland

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Therapies for genetic diseases associated to aromatic amino acid hydroxylases

It is increasingly recognized that intracellular protein misfolding and aggregation are common to many disorders, notably associated to neurodegeneration. Many inherited diseases are also caused by the enhanced tendency of mutant proteins to misfold and t o undergo proteasomal degradation or dele...

Tildelt: kr 8,3 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2013

Sted: Vestland

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Epigenetic and transcription factor patterns in regulation of cancer-stroma-vascular interactions of human urogenital cancer

In cancer increased cell proliferation outweighs apoptosis and the cancer cells lose contact inhibition and invade surrounding stroma. Genomic instability provides substrate for the evolution and selection of increasingly aggressive cells that invade and metastasize. We have previously reported p...

Tildelt: kr 5,0 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2011

Sted: Vestland

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Prevention of cardiac inefficiency in type 2 diabetes by means of high-intensity exercise training

Type 2 diabetes is associated with altered myocardial metabolism, reduced cardiac performance and reduced cardiac efficiency (cardiac work per unit oxygen consumption). The long-term objective of the present project is to understand the mechanisms behind diabetic cardiomyopathy, an example of car...

Tildelt: kr 4,6 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2013

Sted: Troms - Romsa - Tromssa

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Mechanism of mammalian DNA repair

DNA repair prevents cancer and early aging and is essential for the immune system. Our objective is to obtain a detailed understanding of the mechanism of base excision repair (BER) and direct base damage repair. BER is a template-dependent multistep proc ess initiated by a DNA glycosylase. The U...

Tildelt: kr 4,0 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2013

Sted: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Molecular characterization and functional studies of human B cell lymphoma

Malignant lymphomas represent a heterogeneous group of diseases with variable clinical course. Our group aims at identifying genes/signalling pathways with prognostic, diagnostic or therapeutic potential in B cell lymphomas. We are one of 7 groups that co nstitute the newly established Centre for...

Tildelt: kr 3,2 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2013

Sted: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Role of AlkB homologs 1 and 7 (ABH1 and 7) in epigenetic reprogramming

This project is primarily based upon the intriguing phenotype and breeding pattern of mABH1 (mouse AlkB homolog 1) targeted mice. As outlined below, this dioxygenase is required for faithful embryonic development. Major developmental defects include failu re of eye, nose and limb development (Fig...

Tildelt: kr 5,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2012

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Microcircuits for spatial representation in hippocampus and entorhinal cortex

Despite impressive advances in almost every field of neuroscience, our understanding of brain function remains largely confined to its building blocks at the microscopic level, and to phenomenological descriptions at the macroscopic level. Transgenic mice have provided neuroscience with countles...

Tildelt: kr 3,0 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2010

Sted: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Dietary antioxidants and oxidative stress: Novel technologies for assessing oxidative stress in blood samples

Oxidative stress is intimately involved in pathophysiology many chronic degenerative diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cataract as well as neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress is also central to the theory of aging. We ar e therefore investigating the role of die...

Tildelt: kr 3,1 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2011

Sted: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

GENETIC MOUSE MODELS TO STUDY GASTRIC PHYSIOLOGY AND DISEASES

Genetic mouse models include introduction of exogenous gene into the mouse genome (the so-called transgenic mouse) and targeted disruption of endogenous gene (knockout mouse). Up to date, ~10% of the known mouse genes have been knocked out, 21 transgenic/ knockout mouse strains have been studied ...

Tildelt: kr 3,6 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2012

Sted: Trøndelag - Trööndelage

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Match-mismatching of trophic levels as a structuring force of ecosystems

We intend to study ecosystem functioning using the match-mismatch hypothesis as a framework and three different marine ecosystems with focus on seabirds as examples. The marine ecosystems chosen - the Southern Ocean, the Barents Sea and the Benguela Upwel ling - are highly sensitive to climate va...

Tildelt: kr 6,5 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2012

Sted: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Surviving without oxygen: from mitochondrial function to ethanol production

While medical science has had a very limited success in counteracting the deleterious effects of ischemia/hypoxia in humans, evolution has repeatedly solved this problem. The best studied examples of anoxia tolerant animals are some North American freshwa ter turtles (genera Trachemys and Chrysem...

Tildelt: kr 5,2 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2012

Sted: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Molecular basis for control of the heartbeat by Na+

Contraction of the heart is triggered by an increase in Ca2+ within cardiac muscle cells, as Ca2+ ions bind to contractile proteins. The rise in Ca2+ results primarily from release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum which is the main intracellular store of C a2+. Therefore, the pumping ability of th...

Tildelt: kr 5,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2012

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Workshop on Dynamics of Cell Signal Systems (cofunded with FEBS)

There is a need for European and international scientists in the area of cell signaling to get together and bring attention to new subjects such as spatiotemporal organization and modeling of signaling. Furthermore, European scientists should get togethe r for networking to strengthen and increa...

Tildelt: kr 0,15 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2008

Sted: Oslo

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Unmasking the Interplay between Pathogenic Neisseria Species and Host Cells by Quantitative Proteomic Analysis

This proposal aims to investigate the interaction between pathogenic Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitides with host cells during infection using in vitro and in vivo models (cell culture and mouse model). A quantitative proteomic approach usin g in vitro and in vivo metabolic labeling...

Tildelt: kr 3,8 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2013

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Role of the extracellular microenvironment and lymphatics in disease development and progression

The present project is focused on the tumour cell microenvironment, i.e. the interstitial fluid bathing the tumour cell and the lymph draining the tumour via the lymphatics. Lymphatic metastases are a major clinical problem for many cancer types, and stra tegies directed at halting this process a...

Tildelt: kr 3,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2011

Sted: Vestland

FRIMEDBIO-Fri prosj.st. med.,helse,biol

Regulation of competence for natural transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae

Bacteria that have the ability to take up naked DNA from the environment and incorporate this DNA into their genomes by homologous recombination are said to be naturally competent for genetic transformation. About 70 species of bacteria have been reported to possess this property. One of the bes...

Tildelt: kr 3,4 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2008-2012

Sted: Akershus

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Structural characterization of neural network alterations in transgenic rat model of Huntington's disease

Huntingtons disease (HD) is an untreatable inherited neurodegenerative disease causing motor and cognitive dysfunction and premature death, due to loss of specific neurons in the basal ganglia. Having access to the first transgenic rat model of HD, the pr esent project seeks to conduct the first ...

Tildelt: kr 2,5 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Oslo

FRIBIO-Biologi og biomedisin

Role of stromal cells in normal and pathological tissue homeostasis

The focus of this application is to study how the extracellular matrix can influence transcapillary transport of water and protein. The aim of this specific project is to develop an in vitro model system of loose connective tissue which can work in close parallel to our in vivo experiments. The u...

Tildelt: kr 2,3 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2007-2010

Sted: Vestland

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