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Algebraic Theory of Information Quantities

Information theory is a discipline at the intersection of statistics, engineering and computer science. As the study of information quantities, such as compression or communication capacities, information content or measures of statistical dependency, it is one of the theoretical underpinnings of data science.

Computational problems in information theory are highly non-linear. The goal of this project is to transfer state-of-the-art methods of computational non-linear algebra to information theory, to study the inherent algebraic complexity of information-theoretical problems and to provide tools for solving them in practice. The algebraic point of view has proven to be fruitful in seemingly unrelated areas, as witnessed by a surge of recent work in algebraic statistics, in particular on likelihood geometry. However, maximizing the likelihood function is the same as minimizing relative entropy — a specific information quantity. Hence, this project also aims at generalizing the techniques developed in likelihood geometry.

One focus is on the practical computation of information quantities using numerical and differential algebraic geometry. Such quantities are defined via non-linear optimization problems and we aim to pinpoint the algebraic complexity of these problems in instances of general interest, such as common information measures. The final objective is finding fundamental laws and limits of data science imposed by non-linear inequalities constraining the entropic region. These inequalities provide, by duality, universal bounds for many of the optimization problems studied in information theory.

WHeelchair Activity Monitoring project (WHAM)

Wheelchair users (WCU) are three to five times more inactive than the general population, leading to a high risk of developing preventable secondary conditions. Although physical activity (PA) guidelines have been specifically developed for WCU, we lack systematic approaches to implement them in practice, as well as valid algorithms to monitor PA change in WCU through sensor-based solutions. Accordingly, the overall scientific aim of the WHeelchair Activity Monitoring project (WHAM) is to advance PA research and practice in WCU by developing valid digital markers for monitoring of and providing feedback on PA, paving the way for implementation and intervention. I will accomplish this through combining the complementary research fields of 1) behavioural intervention studies focusing on increasing PA in WCU (core competence University of British Columbia, UBC; outgoing phase) and 2) sensor-based PA monitoring (core competence Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU; returning phase – consolidated by non-academic placement at Maastricht Instruments, which develop research prototypes including PA monitors). WHAM’s scientific aim is achieved through three objectives: 1) Measure the effect of a pragmatic exercise intervention trial on self-reported physical activity levels and cardio-respiratory fitness, 2) Develop valid algorithms for tracking PA markers in WCU, and 3) Co-create a framework that outlines how PA can be conjointly monitored and provided feedback on in WCU. This fellowship will enable me to become established as an internationally recognized researcher in the field of “physical activity and disability”, while bringing together ongoing national disjointed research activities in this field. Altogether, my overall ambition is to contribute to reducing inequalities in daily-life participation among WCU compared to the rest of the population.

EOSC Beyond: advancing innovation and collaboration for research

EOSC Beyond overall objective is to advance Open Science and innovation in research in the context of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) by providing new EOSC Core capabilities allowing scientific applications to find, compose and access multiple Open Science resources and offer them as integrated capabilities to researchers. To do so, EOSC Beyond supports a new concept of EOSC: a federated and integrated network of Nodes operated at different levels, national, regional, international and thematic, to serve the specific scientific missions of their stakeholders. Further specific objectives of the project are to accelerate ‘time to product’ of new scientific applications with software adapters, enable Open Science with machine composability and dynamic deployment of shared resources, support innovation in EOSC with a testing and integration environment, and align the EOSC Core architecture and specifications to integrate with European dataspaces. The project extends the state of the art of the EOSC Core and adopts a co-design methodology, including requirements elicitation, software development and validation in collaboration with different use cases from EOSC national and regional initiatives (e-Infra CZ, Czechia, NFDI, Germany, and NI4OS, South East Europe region), thematic research infrastructures from Social Sciences and Humanities (CESSDA), Life Sciences (CNB-CSIC and Instruct-ERIC), Environmental Science (ENES and LifeWatch), and Health and Food (METROFood-RI). EOSC Beyond builds on the capacities of prospective EOSC Nodes and partners with multi-annual experience in developing solutions for large-scale federated digital infrastructures and aligns with the technical architecture and requirements of data spaces from different business sectors. Ultimately, EOSC Beyond supports Open Science in modern, data-intensive, and multidisciplinary research, facilitating resource discovery, access, and reuse across scientific communities, organisations, and countries.


Harmonization of Advanced Materials Ecosystems serving strategic Innovation Markets to pave the way to a Digital Materials & Product Passport

The overarching objective of DigiPass is to enhance the digital maturity of the European communities that develop materials and intermediate products. The project will develop recommendations and clear routes toward digitalized circular business models. The overarching key result of DigiPass is to create a sustainable platform which includes support for Digital Materials & Product Passport and for collaborative innovation-by-design processes in a circular economy served by advanced materials. A business model for operating such a platform completes the overarching objective.
DigiPass is harmonizing and synergizing collected materials data sources and digital infrastructures. This will enable interoperability of data exchange, and standardization of advanced materials knowledge representation at all maturity levels. Accelerating the design, development, and production of advanced, safe, and sustainable chemicals and materials, as they are necessary for innovative products, calls for a collaborative approach involving different stakeholders to support durability, repair and overhaul, reuse, and recyclability of products. DigiPass project impacts all materials development communities over the whole circular value chain. 


Enhanced X(cross)-disciplinary Community-driven Imaging Technologies for Earth and Environmental material research

The EXCITE² Network is revolutionizing Earth and environmental material science research by consolidating a critical mass of 18 research facilities in 12 European and associated partner countries into a unified infrastructure and providing transnational access to advanced imaging technologies. This enables scientists to decipher complex processes within Earth materials at scales from nanometres to hundreds of centimetres, gaining unparalleled insight into the chemical and physical processes that govern, among others, environmental toxicity and its impact on human health, critical metal extraction for renewable energies, and the utilisation of Earth materials as long-term storage for climate-altering gases. The consortium fosters knowledge-sharing and talent attraction, bolstering the problem-solving capacity of the European Research Area. Moreover, EXCITE² is driving interdisciplinary collaboration and cross-fertilisation across academic institutions, scientific disciplines, and industry, propelling Europe towards a sustainable future. The initiative offers dedicated training programmes to a new generation of researchers within the European open science landscape, paired with access to world-class imaging facilities and expertise for problem-solving research and innovation. EXCITE² is introducing innovative service developments, such as artificial intelligence and leading-edge imaging experiments, to increase the user's problem-solving capacity. In addition, the consortium is implementing customised project valorisation strategies to maximize the impact of research outcomes in academia, society, and the economy. Citizen science projects allow the public to participate directly within the EXCITE² Network, contributing to solving EU challenges. As such, EXCITE² is paving the way towards a sustainable future, driving scientific excellence, and creating positive societal impact.

Engineering carbon quantum dots for zinc ion hybrid capacitors

Zinc ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) integrate two energy storage mechanisms of battery-type electrode and capacitive electrode, bearing the advantages in energy density, power density, and safety. Until now, the cycle retention rate of ZIHC's capacity reported is still not more than 80%, restricting its development and commercial application severely. Focusing on the issue, the project aims at overcoming the limitation of traditional electrode materials and re-defining the designing concept to construct Carbon Quantum Dots (C-QDs) for ZIHCs. Advanced methods will be used to harvest carbon quantum dots from coal tar pitch (a sort of industrial solid castoff). The bulk sp2-carbon network, innumerable edge sites, profuse surface functional groups, and regular size ensures that as-synthesis C-QDs have high electrical conductivity, sufficient ion transport channels and rich adsorption sites. Moreover, the new concept of dynamic evolution is introduced for insight into the structure and interface failure of ZIHC's electrode. The interface-reconstruction mechanism and the attenuation model of capacity will be established for the first time. Further, the methods to strengthen structures of C-QD electrode will be developed based on a trade-off strategy. The ultimate goal is to improve the energy storage efficiency of ZIHCs by 20% and to increase their cycle performance more than 95% unprecedentedly. This research will develop long-running high performance ZIHCs, for contributing European energy storage industry. The ER will achieve abundant research experience and scientific skills from the project and the capability to launch her own research group in future.

IMProving User experience, Long-term sustainability and Services of EU-OPENSCREEN

EU-OPENSCREEN (EU-OS), the distributed European Research Infrastructure for Chemical Biology and early drug discovery, provides world-class services in high-throughput compound screening and medicinal chemistry to users from academia and industry. As one of the largest open-access initiative globally, EU-OPENSCREEN plays an increasingly important role in facilitating early stage drug discovery in Europe. It recently integrated fragment-based drug discovery and chemoproteomics as two new services, but the increasing complexity of modern drug discovery projects requires an even more comprehensive portfolio and integration of emerging technologies. To ensure that EU-OS continues to offer a comprehensive suite of relevant services and support a growing user community to conduct forefront research, IMPULSE will develop, validate and integrate new services in AI/ML, new chemical modalities, and innovative disease-relevant cell models combined with CRISPR-Cas9/RNAi-based genetic screening. IMPULSE will work towards the implementation of common operational and data standards to increase data reproducibility and FAIRness. Bespoke outreach and training activities will raise awareness among key user groups of its new services and advance operational excellence and reproducibility in pre-clinical drug discovery. New models for pre-competitive drug discovery with industry or charities, and growing ERIC member community will reinforce the sustainability and accessibility of EU-OPENSCREEN.

Aqua Research Infrastructure Services for the health and protection of our unique, oceans, seas and freshwater ecosystems

AQUARIUS will provide a highly comprehensive suite of integrated research infrastructures appropriate to addressing significant challenges for the long-term sustainability of our unique oceans, seas and freshwater ecosystems. For the first time, diverse research infrastructures will be combined to facilitate the work of researchers and key stakeholders focused on challenges and opportunities for both marine and freshwater systems. An impressive range of 57 research infrastructure services will be made available to include research vessels, mobile marine observation platforms, aircraft,  drones, satellite, sensors, fixed freshwater and marine observatories and test sites, experimental facilities, and sophisticated data infrastructures. AQUARIUS will support the development phase of the EU Mission to Restore our Ocean and waters by 2030, the Sustainable Blue Economy Partnership, the European Green Deal, and international climate initiatives. It will also be an essential component in achieving the European Digital Twin of the Ocean and the UN Decade for Ocean Sciences. The needs of researchers will be met through a robust and transparent system of transnational access funding Calls, facilitated by centralised user-friendly access portal. The Call programme will be informed through stakeholder engagement and brokerage events. Projects to be selected for Access must convincingly integrate multiple infrastructures and contribute to the core policy objectives of Mission Ocean, that is, to protect and restore marine and freshwater ecosystems and biodiversity; to prevent and eliminate pollution of our oceans, seas and waters; and to ensure a sustainable, carbon-neutral and circular blue economy. A thematic and geographic focus will be the hallmark of the proposed transnational Calls, aligning with the Lighthouse Regions, that is, the Baltic and the North Sea Basins, Black Sea, Atlantic/Arctic, and Mediterranean Sea along with their associated rivers.

EOSC-ENTRUST: A European Network of TRUSTed research environments

The mission of EOSC-ENTRUST is to create a European network of trusted research environments for sensitive data and to drive European interoperability by joint development of a common blueprint for federated data access and analysis. 
Countries and institutions have made significant investments in secure and trusted data environments to meet the need for research and policy-driven analysis of sensitive datasets such as people's health and socio-economic status, the habitats of vulnerable species and geo-spatial locations of protected sites. There are now a large number of such secure environments in operation - linked to national centres, individual organisations or specific research communities. This fragmented landscape poses challenges for both users and providers: researchers are faced with a large number of different systems and access procedures; providers need to manage federated access across multiple, potentially incompatible, technology and governance frameworks.
EOSC-ENTRUST brings together providers of operational Trusted Research Environments from 15 European countries with a shared goal to implement, validate and promote their capabilities through a common European framework using shared standards and common legal, operational and technical language. This blueprint for interoperability is anchored in the EOSC Interoperability Framework spanning the four dimensions of Legal, Organisational, Technical and Semantic interoperability. EOSC-ENTRUST has identified four driver projects covering Genomics, Clinical trials, Social science, and public-private partnerships to benchmark capabilities, inform blueprint design and demonstrate secure  data analysis using federated workflows.
Targeted outreach activities will expand this open network with further providers and develop policy papers and guidelines for the full range of stakeholders to create a long-term operational TRE framework within the European Open Science Cloud.


Providing research infrastructure services to support Next Generation EU

This four-year project will harness outputs from key social science RIs in Europe and other reliable sources to support the aims of the ‘Next Generation EU’ programme and to inform EU youth policy. Virtual access will be provided to the outputs through special installations (portals) developed during the project. The core of the proposal is a set of existing research ‘services’, which will be re-purposed and customised to focus directly on the five themes: Make it Green; Make it Digital; Make it Healthy; Make it Strong; and Make it Equal. 

For each area, the consortium will work collaboratively to produce seven sets of resources:

i)	A searchable inventory of relevant variables drawn from multiple cross-national datasets; 

ii)	Analytical summaries, suitable for policy makers and analysts new to the field, as well as interactive resources available through the project portal;

iii)	Harmonised and merged extracts from these datasets that reduce the burden on analysts and increase sample sizes;

iv)	New data collected through the ESS’s established CRONOS web panel infrastructure. Eleven countries will field five waves of the panel, each one dedicated to a NextGenEU theme. Free and rapid access to the data will be available through the CRONOS portal alongside analytical summaries;

v)	In-person and virtual deliberative forums with young people (aged 18-34) in four countries covering the five Next Generation EU’ themes;

vi)	An educational tool (E-NextGen) channelling our data for use in classrooms and by the general public;

vii)	Comprehensive training materials related to all project outputs.


Sustainable Eaters - Forbrukere i et bærekraftig norsk matsystem

Midlene fra BIONÆR-Bionæringsprogram fordelt på år

Midlene fra BIONÆR-Bionæringsprogram fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra BIONÆR-Bionæringsprogram fordelt på fagområde

Senior Scientist

The entire value chain for food must be reconsidered in terms of streamlining the use of resources, reducing food waste, and adapting diets. Through five work packages and four case studies, the Sustainable Eaters project will increase the understanding of and strengthen consumers' contribution to a sustainable Norwegian food system. The project will increase Norwegian competitiveness in several areas through innovative industrial solutions for packaging, shelf life and labeling of foods, new teaching resources for schools, and new strategies for reducing food waste. The project results will provide a basis for new political recommendations. The project brings together 27 partners from research, industry, non-profit organizations and the public sector, and employs four Ph.D. fellows.

In 2021, the project has worked in particular on consumer profiles, food demand systems, learning packages, redistribution of surplus food, and packaging design for source sorting.

Consumer profiles:  Statistical analyses of the ?Norsk Monitor? consumer survey from 2019 led to the mapping of three different consumer profiles based on personality traits (e.g. willingness to change), values and attitudes towards the environment. Segment 1:  High environmental awareness and impulsive/spontaneous, Segment 2:  Medium environmental consciousness, planner, preoccupied with taste, Segment 3:  Low environmental consciousness, no bad conscience for wasting food. Based on the model, Segment 1 is expected to be motivated for sustainable behaviours but may have a hard time implementing these; Segment 2 is motivated and good at implementing but may have a hard time changing existing habits, while Segment 3 is unmotivated for sustainable behaviour change. 

Food demand system:  Data were collected and conceptual models were developed to estimate a food demand system for different consumer groups. The estimated demand elasticities will be valuable by themselves, but will also be used to update the agricultural sector model Jordmod. Data has also been collected to update the model for a new base year that reflects the situation in agriculture better than the model's current base year 2014. 

Learning packages:  Theory has been developed, where transformative learning is the foundation, for two learning packages to be implemented and tested in upper secondary schools. The learning packages focus on a holistic learning design that includes both preparation for teaching, the actual teaching session and assessment. Learning package 1 has an interdisciplinary approach that includes the subjects ?food and health? as well as ?natural sciences? and is proposed to be integrated in 9th grade. The framework uses exploratory learning to engage students in leftover food challenges. The learning package encourages collaboration with home by equipping students to test in school and use the competence at home. Learning package 2 has a transdisciplinary approach and includes the subjects ?KRLE, social studies, Norwegian and science? and is proposed to be integrated in 10th grade. The framework that is used encourages collective exploration and collective solution orientation to explore and understand food systems. By participating in learning package 2 students are equipped to collaborate with and solve real challenges with various local actors in the food system. In the next step, a quasi-experimental method will be used to evaluate teaching methods.

Distribution of surplus food: Interviews with 13 people from the three food chains, food distributors, food producers and public and charitable organizations were conducted in the autumn of 2021. The results reveal, among other things, that one of the food chains does not want to donate surplus food to After school programmes (ASP). They do not see it as their task to sponsor public organizations, and they want to ensure that Tromsø Matsentral gets enough food for the poor who need it most. Another chain suggested that schools could get 1st priority to buy food with a short shelf life at a reduced price. Tromsø Food Bank welcomes collaboration with the SFOs because they collect more food than what they can distribute to their users. This would allow them to feed children from low-resource families also at ASP. Several ASPs lack employees with the competence and time to pick up surplus food at the shops and prepare it. Impractical ASP kitchens are also a challenge. One suggested solution is for the ASP food to be prepared in a central kitchen.

Packaging design for source sorting: A guide to help packaging designers understand how the packaging can be designed to make it easier for the consumer to correctly sort it for recycling has been developed and published on Green Dot Norway's website.

There is no way around it: consumers must contribute to the shift toward a sustainable future. Slow progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals combined with high ambitions to reach the Paris-agreement, require that we re-think our food systems at multiple levels.?There is a particular need to change food-related behavior as the food system is characterized by high emissions, and, at the same time, impacts public health, trade and industry, and the environment in various ways. Sustainable Eaters contributes with sound scientific advancements and pioneering innovations in the industry and public sectors to support a more sustainable food system in interaction with the consumer. By placing the consumer in the center of the research, the objective is met by increasing our understanding of individuality in consumer behavior for food choices (WP1), studying the impact of behavioural change on the Norwegian value chain (WP2), and guiding consumers through knowledge and awareness (WP3) and technical solutions (WP4). Timely and pertinent case studies align with the research carried out in the WPs, and showcase specific possibilities and barriers towards a more sustainable food system. Using a wide range of quantitative and qualitative methods, experiments, and communication techniques, the project will develop comprehensible strategies to reduce food waste and plastic materials, and to increase awareness on the sensibility of food choices for health, climate, and the segments of the food value chain. Sustainable Eaters convenes 8 academic institutions in 5 countries and 18 user partners ranging from food industry businesses and NGOs to public authorities, in addition to an international advisory board, leading to a strong and multidisciplinary partnership.

Sustainable Eaters - Consumers in a sustainable Norwegian food system

DNA er arvematerialet som finnes i alle levende organismer. DNA består av kodende og ikke-kodende avsnitt. Kodende regioner inneholder gener, som igjen består av oppskrifter for proteiner, mens ikke-kodende regioner inneholder DNA-elementer med reguleringsfunksjon.

Overføringen av informasjon fra gener til proteiner skjer i to trinn: I den første fasen (transkripsjon) overføres informasjonen fra genene til et annet molekyl som kalles budbringer RNA (mRNA); og i den andre fasen (translasjon) blir denne informasjon brukt for å styre proteinsyntesen. I SiD-prosjektet skal vi forske på transkripsjon.

Promotorer er regulatoriske DNA-elementer som befinner seg som oftest rett før genene, og styrer når og hvor ofte genene blir transkribert.

Målet ved SID-prosjektet er å forbedre vår forståelse av transkripsjonsreguleringen hos bakterier. Vi vil analysere eksperimentelt hvordan/hvorfor ulike promotersekvenser gir ulik promoterfunksjonen. Vi skal bruke tre forskjellige bakteriestammer i analysene, som er brukt både i akademisk og industriell sammenheng. I tillegg vil vi bruke opprensede proteiner fra de tre 
bakteriestammene for in-vitro undersøkelser.

SiD er et tverrfaglig prosjekt som forener ulike fagdisipliner innen syntetisk biologi og beregningsbiologi (NTNU, Norge). Forskningspartnere bidrar med kompetanse innen biofysikk (NTNU, Norge); genomikk (UNIBI, Tyskland); biokjemi (UU, Sverige) og syntetisk biologi (CSIC, Spania).

We propose an interdisciplinary data-driven experimental study, SiD, that will enable improved understanding of transcriptional regulation in bacteria. In SiD, we will develop a high-throughput microfluidics-based in vitro transcription method, coupled to in vivo screening efforts with DNA and RNA sequencing. The experimental efforts will allow us to determine the cis-acting DNA sequences for 21 sigma-factors, belonging to three bacterial species, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus subtilis, at the single-nucleotide resolution. With the large-scale data, we will perform in silico data analysis, using statistics and machine learning, to develop algorithms that can infer sigma-factor-specific cis-binding motifs within bacterial promoters. The proposed methodology can be applied to any host of interest, and thus opens up the possibility to expand our knowledge on transcriptional regulation to a wide range of microorganisms. The generated big data will be stored on Norwegian nationwide Sigma2 platform, and the metadata will be made accessible to all interested parties based on the four principles of Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reusability. A project-specific website will also be established following Open Science practices, making scientific research, data and dissemination output of SiD easily and openly accessible. To meet these ambitious goals, SiD requires an interdisciplinary approach, and therefore it integrates the fields of synthetic and computational  biology (NTNU,Norway) with research partners from the fields of biophysics (NTNU, Norway), genomics (UNIBI, Germany), biochemistry (UU, Sweden) and synthetic biology (CSIC, Spain).

0 antall prosjekter

FRIPRO-Fri prosjektstøtte

An interdisciplinary data-driven approach to resolve sigma-factor-specific promoter dependency in bacteria.

Tildelt: kr 11,9 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2021-2024

Sted: Trøndelag - Trööndelage