2017

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Forskningssystemet

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Banebrytende forskning

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Samisk samfunn og kultur

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Demokrati og global utvikling

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Velferd og utdanning

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Helse

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Globale utfordringer

Implications of digital transformation for migrant labour

Accelerated by the Covid-19 pandemic, rapid digitalisation has fundamentally transformed European working conditions. While its positive consequences are well recognised, digital transformation also puts a sorely needed part of the European workforce at risk of unemployment, poverty and social exclusion. IDILAB (Implications of digital transformation for migrant labour) investigates the impacts that technological progress and subsequent structural changes have on the labour market integration of migrant workers. By developing a new methodological approach, IDILAB shall provide novel evidence on migrants’ exposure to the process of digitalisation, and formulate evidence-based and innovative policy options for the EU and national governments to improve on the scope and adequacy of national and European policy directed at encouraging a fair digital transition for all, including migrants. The proposed project will contribute with new knowledge on migrants’ own perspectives on barriers and enablers for a sustainable integration in a fast-changing labour market. I, the experienced researcher (Dr Olga Gheorghiev, the Czech Republic), will work with a European centre of excellence (the Research Centre for Digitalisation of Public Services and Citizenship (CEDIC, OsloMet, Norway), and the European Trade Union Institute (ETUI, Belgium) for intersectoral knowledge transfer, career development, and European added value.

CULTUral heritage in RurAL remote areas for creative tourism and sustainabilITY

The main objective of the project is to contribute to the promotion of cultural and creative tourism activities, considering the different capacities, resources, and specificities (material, creative, human...) of the territories, as a mean to help with the sustainable development of peripheral rural areas, favoring job creation and population settlement. For this, the potential of its cultural heritage will be researched, taking into account both the artisan material culture (techniques, materials, patterns and decorative elements), as well as the intangible culture (music, oral knowledge and culinary traditions) as a resource.
 
To promote non-seasonal tourism as a form of sustainable development with a stable population settlement we are going to research the crafts linked to the territory and their implications, but we will also carry out a documentation of the productive processes. First and foremost, we are going to cater to the necessities of the local communities and pay attention to aspects related to societal groups at risk of exclusion, such as women, the elderly and the youth.

All this will be developed from a multidisciplinary perspective, for which we will count on the various teams —most of them linked to different countries— that will be part of the consortium. Each of these partners will contribute to the development, as well as to the final result of the project through input directly related to their area of ??expertise: for example, among the collaborators we have intellectual teams specialized in the digitalization of heritage, research, or communication and dissemination, as well as as various institutions that will act as a testing ground for the more practical parts of the proposal. However, if something will characterize our work, it will be the constant collaboration between all parties, as well as the exchange of advice and experiences that will help to enrich collective knowledge and guarantee optimal results.

POWERING ARTISTIC AND CULTURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP TO DRIVE THE CLIMATE TRANSITION

PACESETTERS responds to the abstract challenge of the climate transitions by shifting from a model of entrepreneurship based on individual, short-term incentives to one that is driven by co-agency and new capacities to act together in sustainable ways. It does so by examining the concrete circumstances, investigating possible support mechanisms and stress-testing instruments that enable art and culture, creativity and heritage to drive the climate transition.
Therefore, PACESETTERS will set out to:
-Create knowledge from collaborative research to keep pace with the transition
-Propose and test creative business models to set the pace of the transition
-Assess strategies of valorisation to push the pace of the transition
 
This approach will identify and analyse advanced practices that run transversally across the cultural and creative sectors; contextualise the outcomes of co-research in real-world laboratories for social imagination; further develop and promote the preliminary results of experiments in iterative support and evaluation frames. The PACESETTERS approach centres on inclusion, participation and iteration in order ensure that gender equity and diversity inform it at every step and on every level.

The result will be a critical evaluation and all-encompassing demonstration of the actual potentials of the CCIs to drive the climate transition while systematically analysing their impact on micro-, meso- and macro-level:
-Understanding the climate transition as a triple transition: green, digital and inclusive
-Innovating aPACESETTERS responds to the abstract challenge of the climate transitions by shifting from a model of entrepreneurship based on individual, short-term incentives to one that is driven by co-agency and new capacities to act together. It does so by examining the concrete circumstances, investigating possible support mechanisms and stress-testing instruments that enable art and culture, creativity and heritage to drive the climate transition.

Strengthening resilience and mental wellbeing through the Support4Resilience toolbox for leaders in elderly care

European elderly care experiences labor shortages, lack of qualified workers and a mismatch between capacity and demands, causing stress, burnout, and reduced mental wellbeing among healthcare workers and informal caregivers. Leaders are crucial in promoting supportive working conditions but lack research-based measures to act upon these challenges.

Support4Resilience (S4R) will develop, implement, and evaluate a research-based Toolbox to support healthcare leaders in improving healthcare workers’ and informal caregivers’ resilience and mental wellbeing in elderly care. S4R will identify resilience and mental wellbeing factors among healthcare workers and informal caregivers; explore their perspectives and needs; develop new theory on the relationship between individual and organizational resilience, and mental wellbeing; and develop recommendations and cost-effective interventions. The Toolbox with tailormade resources for policy and practical use will be available through an open access S4R Resource Bank.

The S4R Toolbox includes three main tools: 1) Mapping and identification, 2) Reflection and education, and 3) Reorganization. Measures are initiated at the organizational level and effects on mental wellbeing and resilience transpire at the frontline of elderly care. The Toolbox covers different situational contexts, types of healthcare providers and health system levels. Elderly care settings in six European countries will implement and evaluate the Toolbox through a process evaluation, effectiveness evaluation, and cost-effectiveness evaluation. 

S4R provides policymakers, decisions-makers and leaders with solutions for taking action to solve specific risks for healthcare workers’ and informal caregivers’ resilience and mental wellbeing. Thus, pertinent to the work programme, S4R will support the development of resilient health systems in European elderly care through improved leadership capabilities, governance structures, and adaptive capacities.

Providing research infrastructure services to support Next Generation EU

This four-year project will harness outputs from key social science RIs in Europe and other reliable sources to support the aims of the ‘Next Generation EU’ programme and to inform EU youth policy. Virtual access will be provided to the outputs through special installations (portals) developed during the project. The core of the proposal is a set of existing research ‘services’, which will be re-purposed and customised to focus directly on the five themes: Make it Green; Make it Digital; Make it Healthy; Make it Strong; and Make it Equal. 

For each area, the consortium will work collaboratively to produce seven sets of resources:

i)	A searchable inventory of relevant variables drawn from multiple cross-national datasets; 

ii)	Analytical summaries, suitable for policy makers and analysts new to the field, as well as interactive resources available through the project portal;

iii)	Harmonised and merged extracts from these datasets that reduce the burden on analysts and increase sample sizes;

iv)	New data collected through the ESS’s established CRONOS web panel infrastructure. Eleven countries will field five waves of the panel, each one dedicated to a NextGenEU theme. Free and rapid access to the data will be available through the CRONOS portal alongside analytical summaries;

v)	In-person and virtual deliberative forums with young people (aged 18-34) in four countries covering the five Next Generation EU’ themes;

vi)	An educational tool (E-NextGen) channelling our data for use in classrooms and by the general public;

vii)	Comprehensive training materials related to all project outputs.


Mapping of Longitudinal data of Inequalities in Education

The MapIE project aims to identify mechanisms causing educational inequalities and policies or interventions compensating for them. We do a systematic review of how these have been studied internationally using longitudinal designs. We map existing longitudinal data that we describe in a public metadata database, and we analyse them to describe the mechanisms of inequalities and to identify effective policies and interventions in different local contexts. We focus on the contextual differences between the Nordic and Central European countries that have structurally different education systems. Within national contexts and using comparative research designs, we look at system-, regional- and school-level policies and practices and individual-level factors (e.g. socioeconomic status, immigrant background, gender, special educational needs) that are associated with the development of educational inequalities and the successful prevention of achievement gaps. We publish and disseminate the empirical results of the project through multiple channels to scientific audiences, policy makers and the wider public. At the end, we create a public framework for studying educational inequalities longitudinally in future studies, acknowledging the role of local contexts but aiming for comparability at the European level. 

We implement the project in seven work packages. Our consortium consists of internationally acknowledged experts in large-scale educational assessment research from Finland, Sweden, Norway, Hungary and Luxembourg/Germany. The partners have a long-standing history of collaboration with each other, European researchers, and national and international education policy makers, and they bring extensive longitudinal datasets to the project. The project will considerably strengthen the knowledge base of what shapes educational outcomes over time, how to best support the learning of all students and how to reduce education inequalities in the short, medium and long term.

Contextualized pathways to reduce housing inequalities in the green and digital transition.

The project Reducing housing inequalities in the green and digital transition (ReHousIn) is committed to better understand the impacts of recent crises on housing inequalities across different European regions, especially with regard to the implementation of the green transition launched by the EU. The overall aim is to explore the mechanisms affecting the (re)production of housing inequalities under recent crisis conditions, and the impacts of the EU induced green transition in different national contexts and along different degrees of urbanisation. Based on a contextualized and comparative understanding of the mechanisms (re)producing housing inequalities, ReHousIn inquiries into multi-level pathways and inclusive local housing initiatives to spark innovative EU, national and local policy solutions towards inclusionary and quality housing, mitigating the possible negative impacts of the EU induced green transition. It conducts a comparative, multi-level analysis in 9 European countries – Austria, France, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom – focusing on attractive metropolitan regions, middle-sized cities and rural areas by means of a mixed-method project design. A quantitative data analysis on recent trends in housing inequalities and their relation to crises across different levels of urbanization will provide the framework for 27 local cases studies in which the impact of multi-level trajectories of housing-system, welfare regimes and environmental policy instrumentations on the (re)production of local housing inequalities and the emergence of inclusive housing initiatives are analyzed. Based on this, ReHousIn compares mechanisms of differentiation feeding into policy labs, aiming to formulate recommendations on how to tackle negative social externalities related the EU green transition at EU, national and local levels.

Strategies for achieving equity and inclusion in education, training and learning in democratic Europe

STRIDE will provide a new, comprehensive and comparative knowledge-base on effective education reforms, policy initiatives and interventions aimed at reducing inequalities in education, training and learning outcomes in Europe. STRIDE will do this through analyses of education reforms in national and regional systems, existing large-scale educational assessment data and existing longitudinal data on the causal link between educational and other social policies and inequalities in educational achievements. In examining the learning progress of students over time, STRIDE will closely examine to the range of intersectional variables such as socio-economic background, gender, (dis)abilities, migration status, home language, early childhood education and care (ECEC) attendance, which may affect learning outcomes in different ways in different contexts. The project will combine diverse methods, data and disciplines (comparative education, political science, education science, sociology) in innovative ways: mapping at national and regional levels on (1) education reforms in the past 25 years by policy analysis, (2) longitudinal trends of inequalities in educational achievement by quasi-experiment analysis of existing large-scale educational assessment data, and (3) effect of education reforms and interventions by analysis existing longitudinal data and registry data following student cohorts over time combined with a qualitative inquiry into policymakers' perspective. Through the involvement of national and European stakeholders, STRIDE will develop methodology and assessment tools for policy learning offering policymakers a toolbox of enhanced knowledge of what shapes educational outcomes over time and demonstrating the usefulness of longitudinal data in policy-making to reduce educational inequalities in the short, medium and long term.

dialoguing@rts – Advancing Cultural Literacy for Social Inclusion through Dialogical Arts Education

d@rts is a catalyst for increasing social cohesion and inclusion, using embodied performing arts activities to develop cognitive and affective cultural literacy. We recognise that the performing arts encompass mass-market consumer goods, as well as non-linguistic, embodied and social activities, providing massive opportunities for inclusive participation.
Our target groups comprise actors of all ages and social positions, especially in the school system and in community arts initiatives. We will empower these groups to be artistically active, dialogically related and culturally literate, giving them tools and motivation to improve their own situations and those of others within the overall frame of a cohesive European society, informed by global perspectives.
Using the post-colonial insight that culture is necessarily heterogeneous, d@rts has four related objectives:
1. Understand how performing arts activities relate to cultural literacy in official discourse and documents across partner countries
2. Use this understanding to build dialogues and co-create physical and digital actions with heterogeneous groups within our target audience
3. Develop assessment tools for these actions, enabling measurable growth in cultural literacy
4. Use our findings in recommendations for cultural and educational policies that build long-term social cohesion and inclusion
Based on these objectives, the overall outputs comprise:
1. Documentary, survey and participatory research findings
2. Performative DIALOGART actions for cultural literacy
3. Policy and practice recommendations to increase social cohesion via cultural literacy actions inspired by the performing arts
d@rts imagines new futures and creates hope and social cohesion through performing arts education. By creating participatory spaces and facilitating dialogues, we empower voices seldom heard. d@rts thus advances cultural literacy, and enhances social cohesion and resilience, to build an inclusive future for Europe.

REGULAR AND UNPLANNED CARE ADAPTIVE DASHBOARD FOR CROSS–BORDER EMERGENCIES

During cross-border health emergencies, health and care services may be overwhelmed by high numbers of patients requiring unplanned care. Delays and backlogs in regular care, as a result of the stretched health care system, leave millions of patients with regular care needs unattended, resulting in disastrous healthcare outcomes. If poor healthcare outcomes across the population are to be avoided, healthcare systems must become more resilient and flexible and allow for rapid changes in the care delivery services. RAPIDE’s aim is to develop, validate and demonstrate a portfolio of powerful tools that enable healthcare systems to build in robustness of decisions, resilience of the health care professionals and patients and flexibility in the modalities of care delivery, thereby maintaining access to regular care during health emergencies. 

RAPIDE emphasises opportunities for optimising in-hospital care, but also for relocating care from hospitals to community and home environments without loss of care quality. Thus, the project focuses on two closely-linked challenges – 1: Identifying and predicting how much care, and which care, needs to be moved along the care chain; 2: Identifying and verifying effective, feasible and acceptable ways to make this reconfiguration of care a reality. This will be achieved by (a) resource modelling, which builds comprehensive foresight and forecasting solutions and links them to patient flows optimization, along the whole chain of care, (b) selecting and implementing the best available tools to deliver regular care in new ways. To ensure usability, acceptability and equitable real-world value, RAPIDE will be co-designed and co-validated with stakeholders, from patients, GPs, clinicians and hospital managers to health ministries, pandemic-management and public health agencies. A Table Top Exercise and extensive communication and dissemination will raise awareness of the project’s successes.

Nikotinamid ribosid i aldersrelaterte sykdommer

Midlene fra BEHANDLING-God og treffsikker diagnostikk, behandling og rehabilitering fordelt på år

Midlene fra BEHANDLING-God og treffsikker diagnostikk, behandling og rehabilitering fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra BEHANDLING-God og treffsikker diagnostikk, behandling og rehabilitering fordelt på fagområde

Group Leader

Kosttilskuddet nikotinamid ribosid som er en form for vitamin B3 har vist seg å være trygt i mennesker og ha en lang rekke positive effekter i dyreforsøk. I dette prosjektet vil vi gi en gruppe pasienter på sykehus dette tilskuddet i en tidligfase studie. Det betyr at vi både skal se om det hvordan det tolereres og at vi skal prøve å finne passelig  dose for pasienter som er innlagt på sykehus. Vi vil sammenlikne virkninger og bivirkninger mellom de som får vitaminet og de som ikke får det. 
I studien skal vi også bruke helt nye målemetoder for å måle biologisk aldring og utforske hvordan disse kan brukes i kliniske studier. Dette er viktig fordi det er i ferd med å bli utviklet svært gode metoder for å måle biologisk alder. Vi tror at disse metodene kan brukes til å finne ut om nye medisiner påvirker aldringsprosessen. Dette kan bli viktig i fremtiden. I tillegg kommer det hele tiden nye produkter på markedet som kan ha negative langtidseffekter på kroppen og vi tror slike målemetoder kan brukes til å oppdage farlige  produkter mye tidligere enn det som er mulig i dag. For eksempel tok det mange tiår før man oppdaget at sigaretter farlige noe som kunne blitt oppdaget på et år med disse nye målemetodene. Siden disse målemetodene ser ut til å måle biologisk alder vil bruken av de i en klinisk studie gi helt ny innsikt i aldringsprosessen.

Confidential information omitted
Human populations across the world are aging at an unprecedented rate. A great mystery is why some people age successfully, maintaining robust physical and mental functioning throughout a long life while others experience premature senescence affecting cellular, biological and functional health. Understanding the causes of these differences in patterns and rates of aging and investigate possible interventions is one of the most intriguing challenges confronting the biology of aging. Progress on these fronts have tremendous implications for public health.
The use of the methylome offers a particularly powerful approach for capturing biological age. While it has long been known that changes in the epigenetic landscape drive development, only recently have we begun to map age-related epigenetic dysregulation and exploit new methodologies that allow us to capture such changes as important biomarkers of healthy aging and biological age. This approach holds the promise of being highly transformative; it can be used to quickly measure the effects of interventions aimed influencing the aging rate which is what we aim to test in the proposed project. Additionally, they can predict which individuals are at an elevated risk of particular age-related diseases and will, ultimately, help guide decisions in personalized medicine for treatments and interventions.  
More than decade of research has built a convincing case that that a dietary supplement, nicotinamide riboside (NR), is both safe in humans and prolongs lifespan through reducing the rate of aging in healthy old mice. In the proposed project, we will use NR in a clinical study and compare clinical relevant outcomes with the change over the study period of the epigenetic clocks. We will include patients with pre-diagnostic samples available in the large Norwegian Janus cohort and biobank and we will validate the long-term predictive power of the new biological age predictors in this cohort

Targeting Aging and improving patient outcome with Nicotinamide Riboside

Geotermal energi er en bærekraftig og fornybar energiressurs som per idag først og fremst utnyttes i de deler av verden som ligger nært aktive tektoniske plategrenser. Dette fordi slike grenser er knyttet til vulkanisme og det derfor er rik tilgang på varme i bakken som kan utnyttes til energiformål. Det er imidlertid et stort potensial for å utnytte geotermal energi fra områder som ligger lenger borte fra slike plategrenser, og hvor det ikke finnes vulkanisme. Dette kan gjøres ved å bore til større dyp (4-5 km eller mer). I såkalte "Enhanced Geothermal Systems" (EGS) utvinnes varme fra reservoarer der væskestrøm hovedsaklig foregår i sprekker i reservoarbergartene. Kaldt vann injiseres i det dype reservoaret, strømmer gjennom sprekker og blir varmet opp av det omkringliggende berget, før det oppvarmede vannet bringes tilbake til overflaten for å utnyttes til energiformål. For å forstå egenskapene og dynamikken i et slikt reservoar er det nødvendig å forstå hvordan reservoarbergarten utveksler varme med vannet, og hvordan vannet strømmer gjennom sprekkene. Slik forståelse oppnås ved å kombinere flere felt, og to av de viktigste i den sammenheng er geologisk reservoarkarakterisering og matematisk modellering. Geologene karakteriserer og måler egenskapene til bergart og sprekker, i et forsøk på å skaffe til veie så mye informasjon om reservoaret som mulig. Matematikerne bruker så denne informasjonen for å modellere væskestrøm og varmeutveksling i resevoaret. Noen av utfordringene med denne fremgangsmåten er at i) man har ikke en fullgod forståelse av hvilke geologiske parametre som gir den mest direkte forståelsen av flyt-egenskaper i sprekker, og ii) eksisterende matematiske simuleringsverktøy gir ikke god nok representasjon av reservoarets geologiske detaljer. Dette prosjektet har hatt som mål å finne løsninger på disse utfordringene, ved å bringe den geologiske og matematiske forståelsen av geotermale resevoarer nærmere hverandre, og utvikle nye og forbedrede metoder. I prosjektet har vi fokusert på hvordan naturlige sprekkessystemer kan studeres,  karakteriseres og modelleres matematisk, for å utvikle metoder og forståelse som vi kan bruke i geotermale energisystemer.  Ved hjelp av disse studiene har vi oppnådd flere gjennombrudd i å få til en mer realistisk representasjon av sprekkedata i matematiske modeller. Dette innebærer blant annet at vi har identifisert hvilke geologiske parametre som er kritiske for korrekt og forbedret representasjon i reservoar- og simuleringsmodeller, samt at vi har etablert modellerings- og simuleringsmetoder som evner å reprodusere egenskapene til naturlige sprekkenettverk på en mer realistisk måte enn det som er mulig med eksisterende metoder. Vi har utviklet nye matematiske metoder og programvare, og ny kunnskap om hvordan man kan bruke matematiske konsepter for å beskrive geologiske sprekkenettverk på en kvantitativ måte. Det aller viktigste gjennombrudded vi har oppnådd i dette prosjektet er at vi har klart å utvikle metoder for stokastisk sprekkemodellering som gjør seg nytte av kvantitativ informasjon om konnektivitet i sprekkenettverk basert på topologiske data fra naturlige sprekkenettverk. Arbeidet har resultert i 30 bidrag til ulike internasjonale konferanser og møter, og har resultert i 20 vitenskapelige publikasjoner i form av fagfellevurderte artikler i internasjonale tidsskrift.

Fractures represent the main conduits for fluid flow in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) and characterization of fractures with the aim to understand fluid flow generally involves collection and identification of a range of different fracture data. Based on the data, simulation models are constructed with the aim of identifying the fracture network's impact on reservoir dynamics. Geological modeling and simulation are both crucial for assessing the commercial viability of production strategies for fractured geothermal reservoirs, but the current practice is hindered by the following obstacles:

- Despite a global wealth of knowledge of fractured reservoirs, it is unclear which set of fracture parameters that provide the most direct route to realistically predicting flow properties.

- Computational efficient simulation tools that also preserve a necessary level of geological detail are still to be developed

- The above points can only be addressed by combining advancement within characterization and simulation of fractured media; however, state of the art within the two fields advance separately, and advancement in one only slowly spills into the other.

In this project, we will overcome these difficulties by developing an integrated geological and mathematical framework for collection and mutual transfer of data between geological and simulation models for EGS. The main deliverables of the project are:

[D1] Optimized geological data types and formats and best-practice workflow for collection of geological data that provide the most direct route to realistic prediction of flow properties.

[D2] Simulation models based on optimized geological input that accounts for the topological characteristics of fracture networks.

[D3] A fully integrated geological-mathematical framework for reservoir characterization and flow simulation for geothermal basement reservoirs.

0 antall prosjekter

ENERGIX-Stort program energi

An Integrated Geological and Mathematical Framework for the Characterization, Modelling and Simulation of Fractured Geothermal Reservoirs

Tildelt: kr 7,7 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2015-2019

Sted: Vestland