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Implications of digital transformation for migrant labour

Accelerated by the Covid-19 pandemic, rapid digitalisation has fundamentally transformed European working conditions. While its positive consequences are well recognised, digital transformation also puts a sorely needed part of the European workforce at risk of unemployment, poverty and social exclusion. IDILAB (Implications of digital transformation for migrant labour) investigates the impacts that technological progress and subsequent structural changes have on the labour market integration of migrant workers. By developing a new methodological approach, IDILAB shall provide novel evidence on migrants’ exposure to the process of digitalisation, and formulate evidence-based and innovative policy options for the EU and national governments to improve on the scope and adequacy of national and European policy directed at encouraging a fair digital transition for all, including migrants. The proposed project will contribute with new knowledge on migrants’ own perspectives on barriers and enablers for a sustainable integration in a fast-changing labour market. I, the experienced researcher (Dr Olga Gheorghiev, the Czech Republic), will work with a European centre of excellence (the Research Centre for Digitalisation of Public Services and Citizenship (CEDIC, OsloMet, Norway), and the European Trade Union Institute (ETUI, Belgium) for intersectoral knowledge transfer, career development, and European added value.

Locating Intergenerational Ties, rematriating late-19th-century unpublished photographs of Sámi Women and Children

Employing a decolonial approach inspired by critical museology and Indigenous studies, LIT aims to initiate a visual restitution/rematriation process fostering attention to Sámi people’s experiences during colonial encounters, and to illuminate individual life-stories of women and children photographed by Italian anthropologists Mantegazza and Sommier between 1879 and 1886. It wishes to generate dialogical knowledge of unpublished visual/written materials, enabling Sámi communities of interest to gain access to these scholars’ photographs. In complex socio-historical Indigenous/settler contexts such as Sápmi (the Sámi homeland), Sámi people’s control over their own heritage has proved essential to processes of cultural and ethnopolitical self-determination. Part of the Sámi visual heritage consists of photographs taken - often through mild violence and coercion - by academics engaged in physical anthropological practices involving Sámi individuals of all ages and genders. The resulting academic and divulgative publications circulated in Europe for decades, shaping and reinforcing stereotypes of Sámi peoples and cultures. Photos taken in colonial encounters by late-19th/early-20th century scholars to visualize Sámi people’s supposed biological-cultural inferiority (until a few decades ago inaccessible to the Sámi) have become important means of decolonization and empowerment through art and activism. The visual restitution of such photographs is of the utmost importance not only from a cultural heritage perspective but is also considered by Sámi institutions and individuals as an urgent necessity. LIT proposes an innovative approach based on the co-construction of knowledge and with a gender dimension. I shall reconstruct life stories of women and children photographed by Italian ethnologists, locating their descendants and returning their photographs to their communities. LIT would benefit my career, making me a leading researcher in Sami Studies and museology.

CULTUral heritage in RurAL remote areas for creative tourism and sustainabilITY

The main objective of the project is to contribute to the promotion of cultural and creative tourism activities, considering the different capacities, resources, and specificities (material, creative, human...) of the territories, as a mean to help with the sustainable development of peripheral rural areas, favoring job creation and population settlement. For this, the potential of its cultural heritage will be researched, taking into account both the artisan material culture (techniques, materials, patterns and decorative elements), as well as the intangible culture (music, oral knowledge and culinary traditions) as a resource.
 
To promote non-seasonal tourism as a form of sustainable development with a stable population settlement we are going to research the crafts linked to the territory and their implications, but we will also carry out a documentation of the productive processes. First and foremost, we are going to cater to the necessities of the local communities and pay attention to aspects related to societal groups at risk of exclusion, such as women, the elderly and the youth.

All this will be developed from a multidisciplinary perspective, for which we will count on the various teams —most of them linked to different countries— that will be part of the consortium. Each of these partners will contribute to the development, as well as to the final result of the project through input directly related to their area of ??expertise: for example, among the collaborators we have intellectual teams specialized in the digitalization of heritage, research, or communication and dissemination, as well as as various institutions that will act as a testing ground for the more practical parts of the proposal. However, if something will characterize our work, it will be the constant collaboration between all parties, as well as the exchange of advice and experiences that will help to enrich collective knowledge and guarantee optimal results.

POWERING ARTISTIC AND CULTURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP TO DRIVE THE CLIMATE TRANSITION

PACESETTERS responds to the abstract challenge of the climate transitions by shifting from a model of entrepreneurship based on individual, short-term incentives to one that is driven by co-agency and new capacities to act together in sustainable ways. It does so by examining the concrete circumstances, investigating possible support mechanisms and stress-testing instruments that enable art and culture, creativity and heritage to drive the climate transition.
Therefore, PACESETTERS will set out to:
-Create knowledge from collaborative research to keep pace with the transition
-Propose and test creative business models to set the pace of the transition
-Assess strategies of valorisation to push the pace of the transition
 
This approach will identify and analyse advanced practices that run transversally across the cultural and creative sectors; contextualise the outcomes of co-research in real-world laboratories for social imagination; further develop and promote the preliminary results of experiments in iterative support and evaluation frames. The PACESETTERS approach centres on inclusion, participation and iteration in order ensure that gender equity and diversity inform it at every step and on every level.

The result will be a critical evaluation and all-encompassing demonstration of the actual potentials of the CCIs to drive the climate transition while systematically analysing their impact on micro-, meso- and macro-level:
-Understanding the climate transition as a triple transition: green, digital and inclusive
-Innovating aPACESETTERS responds to the abstract challenge of the climate transitions by shifting from a model of entrepreneurship based on individual, short-term incentives to one that is driven by co-agency and new capacities to act together. It does so by examining the concrete circumstances, investigating possible support mechanisms and stress-testing instruments that enable art and culture, creativity and heritage to drive the climate transition.

Smart and Sustainable Host UniverCities: leveraging city-university interactions to further the twin green and digital transition

SUNSET aims to develop innovative research and training capacity around city-university interactions driving the EU’s green and digital transition. This twin transition is a defining element of the current EU policy agenda towards achieving climate neutrality and sustainable growth. The European Commission considers cities to be frontrunners in this transition agenda, but their transformational capacity and resilience crucially depends on the presence of agile and high-performing urban innovation ecosystems. SUNSET brings together (1) prominent researchers working in diverse geographical and disciplinary settings at leading universities (N=6) with (2) partners (N=16) from city governments (often participating in the Cities Mission to achieve climate neutrality by 2030), innovation companies, research institutes and civil society organizations to analyze and foster the performance of these urban innovation ecosystems: drawing on a purposeful range of interdisciplinary, international, and intersectoral exchanges, the Doctoral Network will investigate whether and how universities can successfully become key drivers of the twin transition in cities via their role as innovation partners, the implementation of campus living labs, and as architects of decision-making in governance ecosystems. Through a tailored combination of network-wide training events and academic and non-academic secondments, the SUNSET Doctoral Network will train a new generation of researchers to become future urban innovation ecosystem leaders in the pursuit of the twin green and digital transition. The findings will lead to practical guidelines regarding the design and implementation of living labs for university and city management, tailored strategies to foster more inclusive and diverse urban ecosystems, and diverse forms of scientific outreach and dissemination.

Providing research infrastructure services to support Next Generation EU

This four-year project will harness outputs from key social science RIs in Europe and other reliable sources to support the aims of the ‘Next Generation EU’ programme and to inform EU youth policy. Virtual access will be provided to the outputs through special installations (portals) developed during the project. The core of the proposal is a set of existing research ‘services’, which will be re-purposed and customised to focus directly on the five themes: Make it Green; Make it Digital; Make it Healthy; Make it Strong; and Make it Equal. 

For each area, the consortium will work collaboratively to produce seven sets of resources:

i)	A searchable inventory of relevant variables drawn from multiple cross-national datasets; 

ii)	Analytical summaries, suitable for policy makers and analysts new to the field, as well as interactive resources available through the project portal;

iii)	Harmonised and merged extracts from these datasets that reduce the burden on analysts and increase sample sizes;

iv)	New data collected through the ESS’s established CRONOS web panel infrastructure. Eleven countries will field five waves of the panel, each one dedicated to a NextGenEU theme. Free and rapid access to the data will be available through the CRONOS portal alongside analytical summaries;

v)	In-person and virtual deliberative forums with young people (aged 18-34) in four countries covering the five Next Generation EU’ themes;

vi)	An educational tool (E-NextGen) channelling our data for use in classrooms and by the general public;

vii)	Comprehensive training materials related to all project outputs.


EXPRESS 2 SPECIFY AND PROTECT THE EU SOCIAL CONTRACT (EXPRESS2)

EXPRESS2 is a project that addresses from a multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary and cross-sectional perspective, the growing demand for a new, more democratic, inclusive, and sustainable social contract in the EU. To achieve this, the project will work to create a more appealing and legitimate EU social contract draft that will be submitted to inhabitants, Member States and EU institutions that will have the possibility to participate and decide upon the conditions, rights, and obligations to be binding. The goal is to strengthen the EU agreement of association by promoting social dialogue, civic engagement, and integration. An express draft shall be achieved by means of policy dialogue, campaign implementation, collaborative workshops, advocacy planning, and innovative offline and online formats and tools to create spaces for dialogue. To this end, EXPRESS2 will involve EU policymakers and institutions throughout the project to obtain a more appealing and legitimate EU social contract draft. 
The project will also focus on identifying and analyzing disruptive elements of the social contract, such as insecurity, populism, climate change, mistrust in institutions, gender discrimination, digitalisation and pandemics. The analysis of these stressors includes both individualised and cross-sectional approaches to cover the plausible relation of multiple disruptors, their concatenation or the “trigger” effect of a disruptive phenomenon to another. By understanding these disruptive elements and their effects on the social contract, the project will propose concrete measures to ironclad the social contract and it will provide relevant information to protect it from actual and potential disruptions thus we conceive social contracts as incomplete theorised agreements and living documents. In addition to academic, policy, and socio-economic outcomes, EXPRESS2 will propose recommendations to strengthen the social contract's resilience and capacity for further development.


Mapping of Longitudinal data of Inequalities in Education

The MapIE project aims to identify mechanisms causing educational inequalities and policies or interventions compensating for them. We do a systematic review of how these have been studied internationally using longitudinal designs. We map existing longitudinal data that we describe in a public metadata database, and we analyse them to describe the mechanisms of inequalities and to identify effective policies and interventions in different local contexts. We focus on the contextual differences between the Nordic and Central European countries that have structurally different education systems. Within national contexts and using comparative research designs, we look at system-, regional- and school-level policies and practices and individual-level factors (e.g. socioeconomic status, immigrant background, gender, special educational needs) that are associated with the development of educational inequalities and the successful prevention of achievement gaps. We publish and disseminate the empirical results of the project through multiple channels to scientific audiences, policy makers and the wider public. At the end, we create a public framework for studying educational inequalities longitudinally in future studies, acknowledging the role of local contexts but aiming for comparability at the European level. 

We implement the project in seven work packages. Our consortium consists of internationally acknowledged experts in large-scale educational assessment research from Finland, Sweden, Norway, Hungary and Luxembourg/Germany. The partners have a long-standing history of collaboration with each other, European researchers, and national and international education policy makers, and they bring extensive longitudinal datasets to the project. The project will considerably strengthen the knowledge base of what shapes educational outcomes over time, how to best support the learning of all students and how to reduce education inequalities in the short, medium and long term.

Contextualized pathways to reduce housing inequalities in the green and digital transition.

The project Reducing housing inequalities in the green and digital transition (ReHousIn) is committed to better understand the impacts of recent crises on housing inequalities across different European regions, especially with regard to the implementation of the green transition launched by the EU. The overall aim is to explore the mechanisms affecting the (re)production of housing inequalities under recent crisis conditions, and the impacts of the EU induced green transition in different national contexts and along different degrees of urbanisation. Based on a contextualized and comparative understanding of the mechanisms (re)producing housing inequalities, ReHousIn inquiries into multi-level pathways and inclusive local housing initiatives to spark innovative EU, national and local policy solutions towards inclusionary and quality housing, mitigating the possible negative impacts of the EU induced green transition. It conducts a comparative, multi-level analysis in 9 European countries – Austria, France, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom – focusing on attractive metropolitan regions, middle-sized cities and rural areas by means of a mixed-method project design. A quantitative data analysis on recent trends in housing inequalities and their relation to crises across different levels of urbanization will provide the framework for 27 local cases studies in which the impact of multi-level trajectories of housing-system, welfare regimes and environmental policy instrumentations on the (re)production of local housing inequalities and the emergence of inclusive housing initiatives are analyzed. Based on this, ReHousIn compares mechanisms of differentiation feeding into policy labs, aiming to formulate recommendations on how to tackle negative social externalities related the EU green transition at EU, national and local levels.

Strengthening resilience and mental wellbeing through the Support4Resilience toolbox for leaders in elderly care

European elderly care experiences labor shortages, lack of qualified workers and a mismatch between capacity and demands, causing stress, burnout, and reduced mental wellbeing among healthcare workers and informal caregivers. Leaders are crucial in promoting supportive working conditions but lack research-based measures to act upon these challenges.

Support4Resilience (S4R) will develop, implement, and evaluate a research-based Toolbox to support healthcare leaders in improving healthcare workers’ and informal caregivers’ resilience and mental wellbeing in elderly care. S4R will identify resilience and mental wellbeing factors among healthcare workers and informal caregivers; explore their perspectives and needs; develop new theory on the relationship between individual and organizational resilience, and mental wellbeing; and develop recommendations and cost-effective interventions. The Toolbox with tailormade resources for policy and practical use will be available through an open access S4R Resource Bank.

The S4R Toolbox includes three main tools: 1) Mapping and identification, 2) Reflection and education, and 3) Reorganization. Measures are initiated at the organizational level and effects on mental wellbeing and resilience transpire at the frontline of elderly care. The Toolbox covers different situational contexts, types of healthcare providers and health system levels. Elderly care settings in six European countries will implement and evaluate the Toolbox through a process evaluation, effectiveness evaluation, and cost-effectiveness evaluation. 

S4R provides policymakers, decisions-makers and leaders with solutions for taking action to solve specific risks for healthcare workers’ and informal caregivers’ resilience and mental wellbeing. Thus, pertinent to the work programme, S4R will support the development of resilient health systems in European elderly care through improved leadership capabilities, governance structures, and adaptive capacities.

Robotiserte celler for effektiv produksjon i norsk kjøttindustri

Midlene fra FFL-JA-Forskningsmidlene for jordbruk og matindustri fordelt på år

Midlene fra FFL-JA-Forskningsmidlene for jordbruk og matindustri fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra FFL-JA-Forskningsmidlene for jordbruk og matindustri fordelt på fagområde

Professor

MeaTable har hatt som mål å utvikle en ny robotisert «celle» til bruk ved nedskjæring av slakteskrotter i slakterier.

Hovedmålet i prosjektet har vært å redusere arbeidsbelastningen for slakteriarbeidere. Cellen kan holde, løfte, manipulere og vende slakteskrottene, slik at operatøren kan utføre nedskjæringen raskt og med minimal anstrengelse, noe som i seg selv vil bidra til å forbedre arbeidsmiljøet for arbeidere i og utenfor Norge. Ved parallell drift av mange slike celler finnes det i tillegg flere muligheter, inkludert skalerbarhet, fleksibilitet og robusthet, egenskaper som er ønskede men ofte uoppnåelige i eksisterende metoder for slakting og kjøttskjæring.

Prosjektet er gjennomført på systematisk vis ved å videreutvikle og finjustere konsepter utviklet i det NFR-finansierte prosjektet «Meat 2.0» for å kunne realisere disse fysisk. Prosessen har blitt styrket ved at prosjektet har tatt i bruk robotsimulering, en metode som har vist seg å være et uvurderlig verktøy i samarbeidet mellom ingeniører, slaktere, skjærere og veterinærer.

I 2019 ble det lagt ned et betydelig designarbeid for å utvikle et system for håndtering av slakteskrotter, og flere småskalatester ble gjennomført i industrirelevante omgivelser. Et mekanisk system kalt Carcass Handling Unit (CHU) ble utviklet til dette formålet. I samarbeid med Ringsaker videregående skole ble det også laget et stativ for presentasjon av stykningsdelene. MeaTable-prosjektet har lykkes med å realisere det ikke-lineære konseptet som først ble foreslått i Meat 2.0, og har kunnet bekrefte at konseptet gir akseptable resultater når det gjelder hastighet og hygiene. Dette arbeidet er publisert i en vitenskapelig artikkel forfattet av Animalia og NMBU i fellesskap, og regnes som en ny metode for slakting av gris, skreddersydd for tilnærmingen som benyttes i Meat Factory Cell (MFC).

I 2020 etablerte prosjektet en pilotslaktecelle på REALTEK ved NMBU i Ås, med utgangspunkt i det vellykkede proof-of-concept for den nye slaktemetoden. Her arbeides det med videreutvikling av den halv- og helautomatiske slakteprosessen. MeaTable-cellen benytter en av to store industriroboter produsert av ABB (levert av RobotNorge) som kan håndtere prosessering av en slakteskrott på cirka 120 kg, med alt dette innebærer av styrke og belastning. Vi har hatt et særskilt fokus på utvikling av systemer for kunstig intelligens som kan gjenkjenne og segmentere slakteskrotter. I tillegg er det utviklet verktøy for å skjære og gripe i materialet slik at det kan fraktes bort fra cellen.

I 2021 gjennomførte prosjektet flere forsøk med en algoritme for automatisk baneplanlegging, utviklet av ph.d.-stipendiat Ian Esper. Detaljer knyttet til tilnærming og kalibrering vil bli beskrevet i nøkkelpublikasjoner for utgivelse i 2022. Et viktig datasett utviklet underveis i prosjektet ble også publisert. Datasettet er åpent tilgjengelig, og inneholder RGB-D-informasjon fra 25 skrotter som har blitt slaktet i dette prosjektet i forbindelse med utviklingen av slaktecellen (MFC). Å samle denne typen data er en tidkrevende jobb. Ved at dataene gjøres åpent tilgjengelige vil de forhåpentligvis komme til nytte for andre forskere innenfor fagområder som kunstig intelligens, robotikk, og kanskje også veterinærvitenskap. 

Videre har prosjektet gjennomført flere forsøk med verktøy for griping og nedskjæring levert av eksterne samarbeidspartnere. Her har man undersøkt konfigurering og orientering for robotene som skal utføre disse oppgavene. Utviklingen av CHU-systemet har også fortsatt, og både NMBU og RobotNorge har bidratt med løsninger for å automatisere nøkkelegenskaper i systemets design. SINTEF har også jobbet med en metode for automatisk gjenkjenning av gripepunkt som blant annet benytter bildebehandling av materiale fra pilotanlegget ved NMBU. Flere metoder har blitt sammenlignet, og endelige resultater fra dette arbeidet vil bli publisert i 2022. I tillegg er det forventet at andre nøkkelresultater vil bli publisert etter at prosjektet formelt er avsluttet, herunder en drøfting av hva som er den mest hensiktsmessige bruken og utbredelsen av samarbeidende roboter i kjøttsektoren, samt en detaljert beskrivelse av selve slaktecellen (MFC) som system.

Utviklingen av celleprototypen i MeaTable har vært et betydelig skritt forover for innovative tilnærminger til automasjon, i kjøttsektoren spesielt og i matsektoren generelt. Den har åpnet for kontinuerlig videreutvikling og forbedring av systemer innen robotikk, kognitiv teknologi og kunstig intelligens, og innen komplementære felter som sensorteknologi. Vi samarbeider med potensielle sluttbrukere av systemet (f. eks. Nortura, som er samarbeidspartner i prosjektet) for å sikre at vår visjon av systemet er i tråd med behovene i industrien, og resultatene fra MeaTable har også vekket oppmerksomhet innenfor andre sektorer, blant annet fiskeforedling.

MeaTable will develop a novel robotic work-bench, or cell, for use in abattoirs for assisting with the primary cutting of carcasses. The main objective of the project is to reduce the work load and strain on human workers. The work-bench will hold, lift, manipulate and orientate the carcass to enable a human-operator to perform the necessary cuts quickly and with the minimum of effort and in this way improve the work environment of thousands of workers in Norway and beyond. Furthermore, transportation of parts from the carcass is incorporated to further alleviate labour intensity, as well as reduce cross-contamination risks.

The project aims to increase productivity in an energy-efficient, sustainable way, by introducing  automation to the meat slaughter and cutting process that is suitable for the scale of the Norwegian industry. The process shall improve environmental sustainability performance while maintaining or improving economic and social sustainability. Using the novel Cell concept as its starting point, MeaTable will introduce a flexible, scalable, and robust automation solution to the meat industry. Based on human/robot collaboration, that are suitable for the scale of Norwegian slaughterhouses, we develop a system that is specifically well suited for the Norwegian market.

Robotised cells to obtain efficient meat production for the Norwegian meat industry

Network activity 
A recognition of the social and political significance of the topic of Democracy and spatial planning, is shared by several international scholars. These scholars have shown interest in collaboration with researchers at NMBU. A network o f these researchers will enable collaboration on joint EU funding applications.
Network goal:
- Meeting with international scholars to promote opportunities for future interdisciplinary collaborative research of high scientific merit that addresses the ch allenges related to democracy and spatial planning. 
- Dissemination of findings from the SUSPLAN project and development and discussion of future networking activities related to this issue.

Event: Open seminar ?Perspectives on Landscape Democracy? to b e held at the Department of Landscape Architecture and Spatial Planning, Norwegian University of Life sciences

Democracy and Governance in Regional Context

Deltagelse fra sivilsamfunnet er sett på som en kvalitativ bærebjelke i fysisk planlegging. Tidligere utarbeidet og vedtok planmyndighetene reguleringsplanene, men i dag utarbeider private aktører de fleste av disse planene. Vi ønsker å se i hvilken grad denne nye arbeidsdelingen påvirker sivilsamfunnets rolle i byplanlegging. Medfører en ny arbeidsdeling mellom utbyggere og planmyndighet til mer åpne og inkluderende styringsformer i byutvikling for sivilsamfunnet? Eller blir viktige beslutninger tatt av planmyndighet og utbygger alene? Deltagelse er ressurskrevende og kan medføre kritiske syn på planoppgaven, men deltagelse kan også brukes til å finne løsninger og til å legitimere planer. Hvilken rolle spiller deltagelse fra sivilsamfunnet i private bypl aner?  I prosjektet vil vi fokuserer på deltagelsesstrategier, deltagelse og deltagernes gjennomslag i private reguleringsplaner. Prosjektforslaget har et firedelt forskningsdesign: begrepsavklaring og begrepsbruk om deltagelse i planlegging, caseundersøk elser fra seks byplanprosjekter, en bredere kartlegging av deltagelsesstrategier i de største bykommunene i Norge etter 1980 og en nordisk komparasjon om deltagelse i byutvikling i Finland, Sverige, Danmark og Norge.

0 antall prosjekter

DEMOS-Demokratisk og effektiv styring, planlegging og forvaltning

Democracy and Governance in Regional Context

Tildelt: kr 63 319

Prosjektperiode: 2014-2015

Sted: Akershus

DEMOSREG-Demokrati, styring og regional

Styringsformer i byutvikling: fra deltagelse som aktivum i government til deltagelse som strategi i governance

Tildelt: kr 2,7 mill.

Prosjektperiode: 2006-2010

Sted: Oslo