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Tørkeperioder kan gjøre bakken hardere og frastøte seg vann, dette fører til økt fare for flom og jorderosjon hvis det skulle komme styrtregn. Sammenfallende hendelser hvor en tørkeperiode ender i styrtregn kan derfor forårsake større skader på infrastruktur og avlinger enn enkelthendelser med kun tørke eller styrtregn. Global oppvarming har forårsaket at både tørkeperioder og styrtregn intensiveres og skjer oftere, som også kan føre til at sammenfallende hendelser med tørke etterfulgt av styrtregn også kan intensiveres og skje oftere. 
Selv om det er funnet en økning i tørkeperioder og ekstremnedbør med global oppvarming også i klimamodellene, er det også en stor spredning mellom modellene på hvor mye og i hvilke områder som opplever mer tørke og nedbør. Prosjektet vil undersøke faktiske historiske hendelser hvor tørkeperioder endte i styrtregn i værobservasjoner og værmodelldata for å finne passende indekser som kan brukes til å analysere hvordan de forekommer i klimamodellene. Modeller på finere skala gjør en bedre jobb med å modellere nedbør, prosjektet vil derfor bruke finskala høytoppløselige klimamodeller og globale klimamodeller for å se hvordan tørkeperioder avsluttet med styrtregn forekommer i disse. De modellene som gjør det godt opp mot observasjoner vil bli identifisert.  Videre vil prosjektet studere endringene i hyppighet og intensitet av sammenfallende hendelser med tørke og styrtregn med global oppvarming.
En av grunnene man vet til hvorfor det er stor usikkerhet knyttet til hvordan klimamodellene gjenskaper nedbørsmønstre er hvordan fordamping varierer over skog- og andre arealer. I prosjektet vil vi se på effekten av avskoging og økt skogbruk i globale modeller, og gjøre egne beregninger over mindre areal på finskala for å for å se hvordan fordamping blir påvirket. Resultatene av prosjektet er viktig får å unngå eller minimere skadene slike sammenfallende med tørke etterfulgt av styrtregn kan forårsake.

Global warming intensifies drought and extreme precipitation. Compound events with droughts ending in intensified precipitation - DRIP can cause large damages but are extremely understudied. This project aims to estimate the change in frequency and intensity of DRIP events with global warming due to changes in the water-cycle. We will identify actual historical compound DRIP events and find indices that are suitable to identify these events in model data. As global climate models show a large spread in precipitation for both historical and the different future climate projections, there is expected to be a spread in model projections of DRIP events as well. We will constrain this spread by identifying global climate models that do a good statistical representation of historical DRIP events and by analyzing large ensembles to evaluate the natural variability. As higher resolution modelling shows a better representation of the water cycle, the project will analyze regional downscaled global models in identified regions of interest.  We will also perform in-house regional simulations of identified global models down to convection permitting scale to study the change in DRIP events with model resolution. The project will also target a highlighted uncertainty connected to the water-cycle by exploring how evapotranspiration and the occurrence of DRIP events found in climate models respond to land use change. For this analysis we will extend the regional downscaling to include sensitivity studies which contain deforestation and forestation. Results gained from DRIP will make a large contribution to the knowledge needed on future mitigation measures due to the increase in compound events.

DRIP - DRought ending in Intensified Precipitation

The high seas are those marine areas under no State's jurisdiction. So far, all marine renewable energy (RE) activity is being conducted under State's jurisdiction. However, recent advances in technology are raising the prospect of carrying out RE activity on the high seas. Currently, only seabed mining activities in the Area have been regulated. The Area is the seabed and ocean floor beyond the limits of State's jurisdiction. From the legal viewpoint, the main gap is a lack of an international regulatory framework, informed by participatory mechanisms and supported by scientific evidence, for RE activities on the high seas, especially regarding their environmental and social impacts. 
The primary project objective (O) is to provide the scientific community and policymakers with science-informed and indigenous knowledge-based recommendations in support of the development of  RE regulation on the high seas. 
Two specific Os are set to complement the primary O, namely:
O1 To advance the use of systematic consultation processes that facilitates research at the crossroads of marine sciences and law. 
O2 To advance critical knowledge and understanding of environmental pressing issues comparable to the regulation of RE on the high seas, such as deep-sea mining in the Area.
A multistep innovative methodology will be adopted, by integrating marine scientific knowledge, consultative processes, and advanced critical research in the subject matter. A case study (interdisciplinary and participatory) involving marine scientists, indigenous and coastal communities and policy makers will be conducted onboard the Research Vessel KronPrins Haakon at the beginning of the project. The case study outcomes will be analysed through critical legal analysis to build a knowledge base for policy recommendations. 
The project will advance the PI’s career in an international research environment, allowing her to generate independent, high-quality, and reproducible results.




Renewable energy on the high seas – science-informed and indigenous knowledge-based recommendations for regulatory and governance challenges

Prosjektet går ut på å invitere forskere fra norske eller utenlandske universiteter til å presentere sin forskning om økonomi og klima ved Handelshøyskolen ved Universitetet i Stavanger (HHUiS).

Dette skjer i form av et seminar som vanligvis finner sted en gang i uken. En kjent forsker fra et annet universitet kommer til Stavanger og holder et 60-minutters seminar og har en rekke møter med forskere i Stavanger. Vi prøver å ha minst 6-8 møter per gjest. I tillegg spiser gjesten lunsj og middag med UiS-ansatte.

Disse seminarene er en del av en eksisterende seminarserie som også tar for seg andre klimaspørsmål. En stor del av seminarene er imidlertid fokusert på klimaendringer og økonomi, og det er kun til disse seminarene vi søker midler.

En aktiv seminarrekke er hjertet i et forskningsuniversitet, og svært viktig for at forskerne ved universitetet skal kunne utvikle seg og være en aktiv del av det globale forskningsmiljøet. Dessverre må vi av budsjettmessige årsaker kutte ned på denne aktiviteten i år og fremover, og derfor sender vi denne søknaden for å be om midler til denne aktiviteten.

UiS har et meget energisk forskerteam innen økonomi og klima. For eksempel ble Dora Simons forskning nylig nevnt i The Economist, Anders Åkermans forskning ble denne uken nevnt av Det hvite hus i den amerikanske presidentens årlige økonomiske rapport, og Torfinn Harding skriver jevnlig artikler i Dagens Næringsliv og opptrer på norsk TV. For at denne gruppen skal overleve, er det svært viktig å kunne arrangere seminarer om klimaendringer på høyeste internasjonale nivå.

Seminarer med internasjonale forskere om økonomi og klima ved Universitetet i Stavanger

Improving tropical forest conservation in Africa

The importance of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) for better balancing tropical forest conservation and poverty alleviation goals is increasingly recognised. Yet, in Africa, poor understanding of the impact of harvesting on species’ populations and forest carbon stocks, together with little information on the traditional institutions which have informally regulated NTFPs extraction in the past -and could continue to do so in the future-, hamper the use of NTFPs in both forest conservation and development initiatives. 
AFRI-FOR will gather the knowledge needed to determine (1) the key enablers of sustainable harvesting for groups of plant or wild meat species, (2) which types of NTFP harvesting can have synergies with carbon storage, and (3) how traditional institutions can be integrated into formal conservation. To achieve these objectives, AFRI-FOR provide new methods, including (i) a new interdisciplinary approach for investigating NTFPs harvesting impacts, combining traditional ecological knowledge (TEK, from local communities), surveys of plants and wildlife, market surveys and modelling techniques; and (ii) a novel standardised protocol for gathering information about traditional institutions and compliance towards them. AFRI-FOR will gather data and knowledge from 20 socio-ecological forest contexts in five countries (Sierra Leone, Cameroon, DR Congo, Uganda and Kenya), which will allow insights to transcend single sites and provide a much-needed general understanding. This high-risk and high-gain project will provide a step-change in our ability to inform forest conservation in Africa, by identifying synergies between biodiversity conservation, carbon storage and poverty alleviation goals.


Currently, 28.2% of the total EU-28 greenhouse gas emissions come from the power sector, a large contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, the emphasis of the research in power generation has swung towards assessing highly efficient and greener power cycles. In this reference, the novel supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle (sCO2-BC) is an ideal choice that outstrips other formally well-known power cycles (Brayton & Rankine cycles). In sCO2-BC, the role of the pre-cooler is critical. It serves as a sink to the power cycle and regulates the conditions at the compressor's inlet. The compressor's inlet temperature is intended to be maintained close to the critical temperature of carbon dioxide (CO2) to achieve greater cycle efficiencies. However, exceptionally higher values of the specific heat capacity of CO2 near its critical point (up to 40 times higher than water) require exceedingly high water flow rates on the cold side to achieve the desired exit temperatures of CO2. Consequently, the pre-cooler's pumping power requirements become high enough to deteriorate the cycle's performance. This problem can only be mitigated by exploring new channel geometries with enhanced thermohydraulic characteristics. Therefore, the proposed study plan to characterize the complex thermohydraulic characteristics in the pseudocritical region of CO2 using a multifaceted technique that includes, experimental, numerical, and machine learning techniques. The proposed work will provide a step forward to the success of sCO2-BC technologies that, in turn, will facilitate its integration with the green energy resources (generation-IV nuclear reactors and solar concentrated plants), helping to meet the EU's 2030 climate and energy framework goals of achieving at least 32% share for renewable energy.

Evaluation of thermohydraulic characteristic of printed circuit heat exchangers in pseudocritical region for supercritical CO2 cycle

Potetskrell, et biprodukt fra industriproduksjon av potet (pommes frites, flak, chips mm.) er en råstoff ressurs som kan bli bedre utnyttet til nye formål. Skrellet er nemlig en rik kilde på antioksidanter, stoffer som planter naturlig har i seg for å beskytte mot skadelige UV-stråler og reaktive forbindelser som oksygen radikaler. Antioksidanter behøver vi også å tilsette i matvarer for å beskytte og ta vare på umettet fett så det ikke blir harskt og vondt i kontakt med luft. I dag brukes flere ulike syntetiske stoffer i matvarer for å hindre oksidasjon av fett og oljer. Men det er reist bekymring rundt sikkerheten for bruken av dem. Matvareindustrien, myndigheter og forbruker ønsker derfor å fjerne flere syntetiske antioksidanter og erstatte dem med naturlig alternativer. Det er imidlertid svært få slike produkter som er godkjent og tilgjengelig på markedet. Prosjektet Peel Preserve, som har et klart bærekraft mål, skal vise om et uttrekk av antioksidanter laget på industrielt potetskrell råstoff kan fungere som konserveringsmiddel og erstatte noen av de stoffene som brukes i dag. Tre næringsmiddelbedrifter skal teste potetskrell-ekstraktet i noen av sine produkter og utføre både interne og eksterne analyser på effekten. Men en viktig forutsetning for at potetantioksidant kan tas i bruk som nytt tilsetningsstoff i mat er at det blir godkjent av den Europeiske matsikkerhets myndigheten (EFSA) og gitt et E-nummer. Prosjektet skal igangsette denne lengre flertrinns godkjennings prosessen. Parallelt skal det utvikles en forretningsmodell og nødvendig beskyttelse rundt teknologien. Dersom industrien etter testingen av potetantioksidanten, vurderer denne som er god erstatning til konkurransedyktig pris, og en EFSA-godkjenning kan oppnås på sikt, åpner det for å kommersialisere et naturlig plante-basert produkt til beste for forbruker og for miljøet. Bak prosjektet Peel Preserve står Høgskolen i Innlandet i samarbeid med Nofima og Klosser Innovasjon.

Preserving foods with potato peels: Industry-relevant validation and first regulatory assessment of a new natural antioxidant

RETRACE-prosjektet, som strekker seg over tre år, tar for seg den økende trusselen fra naturkatastrofer, som har rammet over 2,3 milliarder mennesker siden 2000-tallet. RETRACE fokuserer på lokalsamfunn i Arktis og Stillehavsområdet, som marquisene i Fransk Polynesia, samene og kvenene i Norge og ahtnaene i Alaska, og har som mål å styrke motstandskraften mot klimarisiko. Disse lokalsamfunnene, som er dypt sammenvevd med omgivelsene sine, gir uvurderlig innsikt i hvordan man overlever og trives i en krevende miljøsituasjon.

RETRACE tar utgangspunkt i hypotesen om at urfolks- og lokalkunnskapssystemer, særlig fra lokalsamfunn i polar- og stillehavsområdene, er uunnværlige for å utvikle effektive strategier for motstandskraft. Prosjektets metode innebærer å samle inn et rikt datasett som omfatter vitnesbyrd, kulturelle praksiser og levde erfaringer, i tillegg til kvantitative analyser. Målet er å skape et omfattende rammeverk som tar hensyn til lokale kontekster og fremmer tilpasningsdyktige og inkluderende resilienspraksiser.

Et internasjonalt forskerteam fra Frankrike, Norge og USA samler en rekke ulike ferdigheter for å bygge bro mellom vitenskapelig forskning og virkeligheten i lokalsamfunnene. Målet er å utvikle et romlig beslutningsstøttesystem som både bidrar til å visualisere resiliensdata og fungerer som et verktøy for samfunnsbasert beslutningstaking, noe som forbedrer evnen til å håndtere risiko og utnytte tradisjonell kunnskap på en effektiv måte.

Ved å kombinere lokal innsikt med vitenskapelig innovasjon skal RETRACE bane vei for resiliensstrategier som både er bærekraftige og tar hensyn til de unike behovene til sårbare lokalsamfunn. Dette prosjektet setter ikke bare søkelyset på urfolks- og lokalkunnskapens avgjørende rolle når det gjelder å håndtere klimaendringene, men har også som mål å sette lokalsamfunn over hele verden i stand til å håndtere de utfordringene som et klima i endring fører med seg.

The three-year RETRACE project responds to the increasing impact of natural disasters on over 2.3 billion people since the beginning of the millennium. It has a particular focus on Arctic and Pacific communities vulnerable to climate risks, specifically, the Marquesan community in French Polynesia, the Sámi and Kven communities in Norway, and the Ahtna people in Alaska. The project aims to address the resilience(s) of communities, in order to develop more inclusive and equitable approaches to developing and implementing resilience strategies.

Five hypotheses guide the research, based on the assumption that indigenous communities such as the ones living in Polar zones and Pacific islands, developed resilience knowledge and strategies to cope with climate-related events. The project aims to co-develop a spatial decision-support system for producing and visualizing qualitative and quantitative data on the different forms of local, community, intrinsic and traditional resiliences in those communities.

Utilizing a narrative approach, the consortium collects testimonials, cultures, memories, experiences, sensitivities and expertise from both Arctic and Pacific communities on forms of resilience and their visions of climate risks, alongside quantitative open-source data from traditional assessments. This data will be cross-referenced to build an interdisciplinary framework for a nuanced understanding of local needs, suitable to assess resilience in local contexts. 

Comprising researchers from France, Norway and the USA with diverse expertise, the consortium aims to contribute in developing risk management and resilience strategies by integrating local and indigenous knowledge into an adaptable and sustainable spatial decision-making tool. The tool aims to bridge the gap between international scientific research and local community realities, potentially informing strategies in other vulnerable territories in the future.

ResilienceS to climate risks: lessons from Arctic and Pacific communities

Sjøisen i Arktis har minket drastisk de siste tiårene, og Polhavet forventes å være isfritt om sommeren mot slutten av århundret. Denne nedgangen har utsatt store havområder for vind, noe som har resultert i at det oftere dannes store bølger i Polhavet. Disse bølgene kan forplante seg over flere titalls til hundrevis av kilometer i sjøisen, knekke den og akselerere smeltingen. Disse fysiske prosessene – bølger som knekker sjøis og effekten dette har på sjøissmelting og vekst – mangler i modellene vi bruker for å forutsi klimautviklingen. Dette bidrar til store usikkerheter i klimamodeller. Effekten av bølger på sjøisen er heller ikke tatt med i prognoser for havets og sjøisens forhold, som brukes av skip som opererer i islagte farvann. I ForWArd ønsker vi å vurdere bølgenes innvirkning på sjøisens utvikling i det stadig røffere Polhavet. I dette arbeidet brukes en svært avansert modell som inkluderer sjøis, hav, bølger og deres interaksjoner. Vi skal først vurdere hvor godt den representerer forholdene i Polhavet sammenlignet med de få tilgjengelige observasjonene. Vi vil så bruke modellen til å undersøke hvordan bølgehøyden og arealet av ødelagt sjøis har utviklet seg de siste tre tiårene. Deretter vil vi kombinere modellen vår med forholdene i det fremtidige Polhavet gitt av klimafremskrivninger, for å undersøke hvordan betydningen av interaksjoner mellom bølger og is vil utvikle seg ettersom sjøis avtar i det 21. århundre. Vår modells estimering av "bølgepåvirkningen" vil tillate polarvitenskapsmiljøet å vurdere hvor usikre deres klimaspådommer uten bølger er. Til syvende og sist vil våre modellresultater og utviklinger legge grunnlaget for å legge til bølgeeffekter i hav- og sjøisvarsler i Arktis. Dette vil gjøre varslene mer nøyaktige og bidra til sikkerheten for menneskelig aktivitet i denne regionen.

Arctic sea ice decline under climate change has allowed waves to form and grow more easily in the Arctic Ocean. These waves propagate into the sea ice over tens to hundreds of kilometres, fragmenting it into small floes. This area of broken ice, known as the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ), is a highly complex region where many interactions occur between the ocean, sea ice, and atmosphere. The action of waves strongly affects these interactions, with rapid feedbacks on the sea ice. However, climate models do not account for these wave-ice interaction processes, which likely contributes to the strong biases in their estimation of modelled sea ice extent and volume and their inability to capture short-term sea ice extent variability. Given the lack of observations available, numerical models remain the best way to estimate how wave-ice interaction processes can impact Arctic sea ice, but most wave-ice coupled models are still prototypes. In ForWArd, we will use one of the most advanced of these models to assess this impact in the context of climate change. To this aim, we will use the latest observations to calibrate the modelled wave-affected area and produce a 30-year-long hindcast of the MIZ extent evolution to analyse how it responded to larger wave height, delayed refreezing, and thinner ice. Then, we will assess the relative importance of the wave-ice interactions suspected to affect sea ice in the MIZ using well-documented events. Finally, we will estimate how waves will contribute to sea ice extent and volume variability in the coming decades, as large areas of open water will remain open until late in the autumn. The flexibility of our setup will allow us to test the sensitivity of our results to model resolution and assumptions, giving invaluable insights into the biases induced by misrepresenting wave-ice interactions. ForWArd will also pave the way for the integration of wave effects in sea ice forecasts, a requirement for safer operations in ice-infested waters.

Forecasting Wave impact as Arctic sea ice declines

AGREE tar for seg klimaendringers innvirkning på kulturarv gjennom tverrfaglige metoder og samarbeid mellom ulike samfunnsaktører. Prosjektet tar særlig for seg urbane områder som påvirkes av flom. Målet er å forstå det komplekse forholdet mellom forvaltning av kulturarv, klimatilpasning og samfunnets sårbarhet, og å se på tiltak for å minimere risiko for tap og ødeleggelse som følge av klimaendringer. Sentrale delmål inkluderer integrering av strategier for bevaring av kulturarv med strategier for klimatilpasning, spesielt gjennom konseptet Historisk Urban Landskap (HUL). 

AGREE vil utvikle en beslutningsmodell forankret i HUL-konseptet som sammenligner dagens forvaltningspraksis med historiske data for å belyse sårbarhet og klimatilpasning i en urban kontekst. AGREE vil fremme transformative strategier for klimatilpasning ved å evaluere beslutningstakernes forståelse av disse samspillene. 

Prosjektet ledes av University of Leeds (Storbritannia), og har Norsk institutt for kulturminneforskning (NIKU), Politecnico di Torino (Italia) med som partnere. ICCROM (International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property), British Council (Storbritannia), UK’s Department for Culture, Media and Sport (Storbritannia), Hull City Council (Storbritannia) og Innlandet fylke (Norge) deltar som samarbeidspartnere. Gjennom dette samarbeidet skal prosjektet bidra til å forme politikk og klimastrategier, både lokalt og globalt.  AGREE vil også engasjere publikum for å øke bevisstheten om klimatilpasning og mobilisere til felles handling.  Gjennom bred involvering skal AGREE bidra til å sikre at kulturarven forblir beskyttet og motstandsdyktig i møte med klimaendringer.

Alt i alt vil AGREE utforske klimaendringers påvirkning på kulturarv med en praksisorientert tilnærming, og med fokus på samarbeid, databasert beslutningstaking og samfunnsengasjement for å sikre vår felles kulturarv for fremtidige generasjoner.

AGREE champions transformative sustainability in response, emphasizing interdisciplinary methodologies and societal shifts. It explores the intricate link between cultural heritage governance, climate adaptation, and community resilience, rooted in responses to flooding in urban contexts. AGREE promotes the Historic Urban Landscape concept for integrative decision-making in climate adaptation, considering community resilience amidst environmental changes. An interactive Geographic Information System platform will illuminate this interplay over time. An innovative AGREE's contribution is a decision-making model grounded in the HUL paradigm. This model juxtaposes current national and local policies enabling cultural heritage integration in climate adaptation with historical data sources revealing urban resilience lessons and changes in the built environment over time. AGREE employs transformative governance concepts to evaluate decision-makers comprehension of these synergies and their perspectives. It advances transformative climate adaptation by uncovering potentials and barriers within heritage governance in case studies from the UK, Norway, and Italy. Beyond research, AGREE will shape policies with multi-scalar and cross-sectorial governance, interpreting climate intricacies through cultural heritage. It will strengthen global, national, and local heritage-focused climate strategies through partnerships with the British Council, ICCROM, and the UK's Department for Culture, Media, and Sport and local stakeholders, such as Hull City Council (UK) and Innlandet Region (Norway). AGREE also engages the public, raising climate adaptation awareness and mobilizing collective action, benefiting governmental climate efforts.

Advancing Cultural Heritage Governance for Resilient Climate Adaptation

SASCHA har som mål å utvikle praktiske verktøy og metoder for å vurdere og håndtere kulturminner når klimaendringer utgjør en risikofaktor. Prosjektet ledes av University College London (UCL), og har Norsk institutt for kulturminneforskning (NIKU), Arizona State University (USA), NHAZCA (Italia) og North Carolina State University (USA) med som partnere. ICCROM (International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property), English Heritage Trust (Storbritannia) og Ventotene kommune (Italia) deltar i prosjektet som samarbeidspartnere. 

 Hovedmål for prosjektet:  
- Utvikling av indikatorer og målemetoder for måling av klimaendringers virkning på kulturarv. 
- Etablere metoder for å involvere relevante aktører i identifiseringen og målingen av disse virkningene. Metodene skal kunne tilpasses lokale forhold og kulturell kontekst. 
- Utvikle verktøy for å hjelpe beslutningstakere til å vurdere og anvende målinger på ulike nivåer. 
- Utforske utfordringer og muligheter knyttet til bruk av nye metoder for vurdering klimarelaterte risikofaktorer for kulturminner. 

Ved å oppnå disse målene skal SASCHA ruste lokalsamfunn og kulturminneforvaltningen til å bedre forstå og håndtere klimarisiko. I tillegg, gjennom samarbeid med organisasjoner som UNESCO og ICCROM, skal SASCHA bidra til globale diskusjoner om hvordan klimaproblematikken kan integreres i kulturminneforvaltningens praksis. Alt i alt vil SASCHA legge til rette for politikkutvikling og styrke kulturminneforvaltningen ved å tilby verktøy og metoder for å effektivt vurdere, tolke og formidle klimarisiko for kulturarvsteder over hele verden.

SASCHA proposes operationalisation for transferable risk assessment and a value-based decision support tool. Supported by this approach, the overarching aim of SASCHA is therefore to develop innovative methods for understanding risks of climate change for heritage that allow for multiscale analysis and scalable approaches, bridging the gaps between local knowledge and global data, and from local vulnerability to global risks. To this end, SASCHA will: a) develop a set of operationalised indicators/metrics for relevant determinants of climate change; b) develop a locally adaptable protocol for stakeholders' engagement in the identification of relevant determinants of climate impacts that acknowledge and celebrate diversity in cultural contexts; c) develop a climate adaptation decision support tool to evaluate relevance of assessment approaches for different spatial scales; d) explore the challenges and opportunities of an operationalisation approach to climate change--heritage risk. Addressing a complex, wide and research-intensive subject, SASCHA unfolds several organisational, scientific, technical, technological and cultural heritage-oriented elements. SASCHA includes four research partners, together bringing significant experience in climate change and heritage and requisite expertise in physical sciences (UCL), social sciences and humanities (NIKU, NCSU/ASU) and technology (NHAZCA). The consortium can significantly contribute to safeguarding and protecting their region's coastal heritage but also to the global discussion of the integration of climate impacts assessment on cultural heritage through the close collaboration with UNESCO's Advisory body, ICCROM and case study stakeholders. SASCHA will develop methods for assessing, interpreting, and communicating climate change risks for heritage, while also supporting effective policy development and heritage management.

Multiscale approaches and scalability within climate change-heritage risk assessments

Midlene fra DEMO2000-Prosj.ret tekn.utv. petro.virk fordelt på år

Midlene fra DEMO2000-Prosj.ret tekn.utv. petro.virk fordelt på fylker

Midlene fra DEMO2000-Prosj.ret tekn.utv. petro.virk fordelt på fagområde

Administrerende direktør

SILD-A New concept for Well Testing and Reservoir Fluid Sampling

The aim of this PoC project is to commercialize new therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) developed in context of my ERC consolidator grant. T-cell receptors (TCRs) have in recent years emerged as promising therapeutic molecules in cell- and gene-therapy of cancer. I have completed the pre-clinical validation of a TCR that recognizes an HLA-bound peptide from a novel target, the nuclear enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT-TCR). In vitro and in vivo data from four different mouse models show eradication of ALL and no indications of toxicity. T-cells genetically modified with the TdT-TCR effectively kill lymphoblastic cancer cells while sparing healthy B and T-cells, myeloid cells and hematopoietic stem cells. Funding has been secured for an investigator-initiated trial to determine safety and explore efficacy of TdT-TCR-T-cell therapy – TTT-therapy. The trial will recruit ALL patients relapsing from/refractory to standard therapy, who have a dismal prognosis and thus a great unmet medical need. To facilitate commercial development, I have created a start-up company and secured the company exclusive licenses for the patents on the TdT-TCR and the technology used for the development, on which I am the main inventor. In the proposed ERC PoC project, I and my strong team of advisers with expertise in the business development, clinical development, IPR and financial aspects needed for commercialization, will conduct a market analysis for TTT-therapy and develop an IPR and business strategy for the start-up company. Since several studies report expression of TdT in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), I will conduct laboratory research to determine if the TdT-TCR can also mediate killing of AML cells. AML patients have an overall 5-year survival of only 30% and hence a great medical need that potentially could be met by TTT-therapy. The described work has the potential to contribute to saving lives that would otherwise be lost to acute leukemia.

Targeting Acute Leukemia with TdT-TCR-T-cell therapy

PRecisIon Cancer MEdicine RepurpOsing SystEm Using Pragmatic Clinical Trials

Millions of people in the EU are negatively affected by cancer, and cancer is one of the leading causes of death and morbidity in Europe (ecis.jrc.europa.eu). The PRIME-ROSE consortium will contribute to the Mission Cancer goal to optimise treatment and support quality of life of more than 3 million people by 2030.

The PRIME-ROSE consortium envisions to support Mission Cancer through the following objectives: 1) increase access to optimised and affordable treatment interventions for cancer patients that prolong life and increase quality of life, 2) generate clinical evidence and evaluate effectiveness in Precision Cancer Medicine (PCM)-relevant and synthetically randomised, controlled academic investigator-initiated pragmatic clinical trials, and 3) work together across Europe with relevant experts to implement evidence-based PCM in routine practice and address inequalities in access.

This consortium builds on the truly bottom-up, clinician-initiated family of DRUP-like innovative trials that provide broad access to precision medicine for cancer patients.

This action is part of the Cancer Mission cluster of projects on ‘Diagnosis and treatment’.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and deadly type of primary brain tumour, carrying a dire prognosis with a median survival of 14.6 months for patients undergoing standard treatments. The causes of poor clinical prognosis are late diagnosis, diffuse infiltration, pseudo necrosis, high neovascularization and resistance to therapy.  In principle, drugs can reach the tumors via the vascular system, but the tumor microenvironment plays the role of an antagonist to any efficient drug delivery whereby reducing treatment efficacy. Recent treatments combine chemotherapy with drugs which aim at re-normalising the tumor microenvironment by releasing the mechanical pressure and/or by reducing the angiogenesis. However, there are yet no imaging biomarkers clinically available which can disentangle the different effects of the therapy on the components of the TME. This hinders patient management in particular dosage.  GLIOBID project aim at disentangling the therapy impact on tissue integrity and pressure from the modulation of tumour vasculature by quantifying tissue rheology with magnetic resonance Elastography (MRE). This imaging breakthrough will allow to assess the effect of treatments on the main target – the tumor - and the pathways to reach it – the vessels and the tumour microenvironment - providing a unique guidance to tailor combined therapies based on component-specific biomarkers. GLIOBID will involve the main experts in the field of imaging and cancer biology, creating a highly multidisciplinary and eminently clinical environment. This together with the complementary expertise of researcher and hosting institutions will provide the best conditions for decrypting the complexity of the problem and find approaches translatable to the clinical routine. GLIOBID will potentially allow a paradigm shift from the current TREAT-THEN-OBSERVE approach to an OBSERVE-THUS-TREAT approach.

Guiding glioblastoma treatments by decrypting tumor biomechanics via Magnetic Resonance Elastography.

Developing and implementing innovative Patient-Centred Care Pathways for cancer patients

In the EU, 2.7M people were diagnosed with and 1.3M died of cancer in 2020. Over 12M people have survived cancer, thanks to advances in early detection and new therapies. With higher cure rates and more patients living longer with cancer, access to patient-centred care consisting of optimal supportive, palliative, survivorship and end-of-life care becomes increasingly important. However, cancer care still has silos, and to this day, there is no technical support available that is suitable for different cultures, settings and environments.
Several randomised controlled trials have provided evidence that the integration of patient-centred care in standard oncology care results in better patient and caregiver outcomes. As yet, these findings have not translated into clinical routine.
In this project, we will develop technology-enhanced and evidence-based patient-centred care pathways, called MyPath, to be merged with tumour-centred treatments across supportive, palliative, survivorship and end-of-life care. MyPath integrates patient-reported outcomes of the OUS Eir software, to be further advanced with contributions of renowned European oncologists, ethicists, psychologists and sociologists. It will be configurated on the eHealth platform of our SME partner DNV Imatis. Its effectiveness and sustainability will be assessed in an implementation science study in 9 clinical centres across Europe. With the support of leading cancer care professional associations ESMO and EAPC, and the cancer patient organisation ECPC, we are committed to delivering the right care to the right person at the right time by the right persons.
We hypothesise that MyPath can significantly improve the quality of and access to treatment and care, reduce variations in clinical practice, and optimise resources in family, community, and hospital care settings. This will ultimately reduce the physical, emotional, and ultimately economic burden linked to cancer.

Dual screening by Spectral Artificial Visual Examination (SAVE) for Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS) and cervical cancer. Digital, new, low-cost, and simple screening and training.

Around 300 million African girls and women are at risk of the poverty related disease, Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS), and 400 million are at risk for cervical cancer. Most of these are in Sub-Saharan Africa. FGS may be mistaken for cervical cancer or a sexually transmitted infection, and treated accordingly. Women may have FGS lesions, have cryptogenic bloody or malodorous discharge, or pain, and, be at higher risk for HIV and Human papillomavirus (HPV). 
FGS is best diagnosed by point-of-care visualisation of the shape and colour of the lesions. However, health professionals require several weeks of training where the disease is seen frequently, and often they need a colposcope to recognise FGS. Worldwide, there are only a handful of health professionals who are proficient in FGS diagnosis.
A multispectral highly innovative colposcope linked to a smartphone, designed by an SME for cervical cancer recognition, will be adapted and validated for FGS diagnosis in this proposal. In three countries with different FGS  epidemiology and different practices for gynaecological investigations of women, we will conduct a clinical trial in the spirit of the EDCTP agenda, with the ultimate aim of a patent and local production. With lessons from  the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, an eLearning course will be designed and trialled. Equipment, consultations and training will be adapted to practical realities (cultures, unstable electricity/internet, poverty, vulnerability). As recommended by the WHO and the "HPV faster approach", the diagnosis should be at the point-of-care. Management and data collection protocols will be designed in collaboration with the national health authorities in Southern Africa, the WHO and also in one European country. This is a thrust to promote clinical research and digitalisation for vulnerable populations. Hundreds of clinicians and scientists will receive training in FGS, clinical trials, and social sciences.

SWIPT- MED: Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer for Medical Implants

The growth and extensible research in active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) have provided the opportunity for continuous and remote monitoring of patients with chronic illness. But the major technological challenge is that most of the implants operate on batteries with limited durability. It is difficult to replace these implants as human tissues grow around them and requires surgeries for their removal, which are costly and stressful for the patients. Moreover, battery replacement surgeries require hospital stays which is an additional risk in this era of pandemics like COVID-19. So, the sustainability and eventual fate of implantable medical devices depends on its capability for long-term use.  Most of the AIMDs are equipped with wireless communication systems for data transfer, device monitoring and reprogramming. In this regard, I propose that energy harvesting from radio frequency (RF) signals for a wireless communication system provides a new paradigm called Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transmission (SWIPT) that can allow the wireless implant nodes to recharge their batteries from the RF data signals.  In the literature, SWIPT has been studied for in-door and outdoor environment and has investigated transmission of high energy levels with large antenna dimensions for harvesting energy. There have been no studies in the literature for investigating SWIPT within the human body. My research project will explore and untap the potential of SWIPT for the human body environment.   The major outcomes of the project include: 1) optimum energy-capacity function and the end-to-end analytical model of SWIPT for deep implants; 2) hardware design of SWIPT for implant communication systems; and 3) feasibility of the novel SWIPT architecture for medical implant technology by in-vitro liquid phantom models and in-vivo living animal experimental studies. The new fundamental knowledge developed from the project could be applied to multiple other domains.

More than 10 million Europeans show signs of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a condition intermediate between normal brain ageing and dementia. The evolution of MCI differs from person to person; some remain stable or return to normal, but 50% progress to dementia within five years. Current practice lacks the necessary screening tools to identify those 50% at risk. The patient’s journey typically takes many years of inefficient clinical follow-ups before a conclusive diagnosis is finally reached.   AI-Mind will radically shorten this journey to 1 week through a digital solution that is able to provide a fast and accurate (>95%) prediction for the individual dementia risk. Our AI-Mind platform service, can be easily integrated into existing clinical practices and contains 2 new artificial-intelligence-based tools. The AI-Mind Connector identifies dysfunctional brain networks. The AI-Mind Predictor assesses demen-tia risk using data from the Connector, advanced cognitive tests, genetic biomarkers and important textual variables. Our aim is to set up a European clinical network that will upload patient data to the AI-Mind European cloud platform.   The consortium comprises excellent researchers in neuroscience and computer science, from 5 clinical cen-tres, who closely collaborate with 3 SMEs contributing unique technologies, an established data govern-ance body, and Alzheimer Europe. Together, they plan to deliver a medical device of class 2b that can reach TRL7 by the end of the project. AI-Mind represents a major step forward in the risk assessment of dementia. Clinicians will promptly advise therapies to delay the onset of disease, and patients will enjoy independent lives for longer. By offering a globally accessible, cheap and precise tool for dementia pre-diction, AI-Mind will improve the health care system and boost innovation by shifting the R&D of phar-maceutical organisations and other companies to preventive diagnostic methods and therapies for dementia.

Intelligent digital tools for screening of brain connectivity and dementia risk estimation in people affected by mild cognitive impairment.

Multiparametric imaging of glioblastoma tumour heterogeneity for supporting treatment decisions and accurate prognostic estimation

Glioblastoma is not only the most frequent but also the most malignant tumour originating in the Central Nervous System. Due to the extremely complex and heterogeneous molecular biology of this tumour “the same treatment for all” approach does not work well in this disease, and standard of care is not always the best option. The intra-patient tumor heterogeneity is one of the responsible factors for the high aggressiveness of these lethal solid tumors and their resistance against effective therapies. In this context, additional efforts are needed for generate novel strategies able to define more tailored personalized treatments that facilitate higher safety and efficacy for relevant sub-populations. GLIOHAB project will develop an artificial intelligence based medical device able to monitor the functional state of the glioblastoma at pixel level. This software will be built on technologies previously co-developed, validated, and patented by the researcher. GLIOHAB will join best experts in the field, in a multidisciplinary and eminently clinical environment, which will provide the optimum conditions for a holistic approach to the solution. This proposal includes both the transfer of knowledge to the host institution and the training of the candidate in new advanced techniques. GLIOHAB results will contribute to monitor the response of highly aggressive tumours to complex treatments, and generate stratification strategies to select treatment responder patients.   

Fluorescence and Reactive oxygen Intermediates by Neutron  Generated electronic Excitation as a foundation for radically new cancer therapies

Deep lying tumours like aggressive brain cancer remain very difficult to treat and existing therapies offer only marginal increase in survival rates. In the case of photomedical therapies they are very effective, but mainly limited by their insufficient depth of light penetration into tissue. Current neutron-based therapies have sufficient penetration depth but suffer from lack of cancer specificity. In FRINGE we propose a genuinely new hybrid-technology. At its heart are chemical agents (photosensitisers - PS) which preferentially accumulate in the tumours especially in brain cancers where the blood brain barrier is compromised. The PSs designed for FRINGE will contain metal centres like Gadolinium (Gd), to enable interaction with incoming neutrons and facilitate the transfer of neutron energy into electron excitation of the PS, confirmed by concomitant fluorescence emission. Interaction with ambient oxygen will generate reactive oxygen species which will kill the tumour cells. The main scientific breakthrough of this project will be to establish experimental proof-of-principle of this novel neutron-activated therapy. FRINGE will combine the advantages of photomedical therapies (no mutagenic radiation) with the advantages of neutron-based therapies (large penetration depth). The externally-applied neutron beam  can be  energy-tuned to become therapeutic exactly at the depth of the tumour. Exploiting Gd as a contrast agent, FRINGE can also become a theranostic modality by use of magnetic resonance imaging. FRINGE has  the potential of causing  immunogenic cell death to cancers which could eliminate occult metastasis and act as a ‘cancer vaccine’. The highly interdisciplinary project team comprises world renowned experts from a unique combination of disciplines: Nuclear physicists, synthetic chemists, photochemists, photobiologists, medical physicists, quantum chemists and radio-oncologists will join forces to lay the foundations for a novel, curative cancer therapy.

Imaging Perfusion Restrictions from Extracellular Solid Stress

Even the perfect cancer drug must reach its target to have an effect. The ImPRESS project main objective is to develop a novel imaging paradigm coined Restricted Perfusion Imaging (RPI) to reveal - for the first time in humans - vascular restrictions in solid cancers caused by mechanical solid stress, and use RPI to demonstrate that alleviating this force will repair the cancerous microenvironment and improve therapeutic response. Delivery of anti-cancer drugs to the tumor is critically dependent on a functional vascular bed. Developing biomarkers that can measure how mechanical forces in a solid tumor impair perfusion and promotes therapy resistance is essential for treatment of disease.   The ImPRESS project is based on the following observations; (I) pre-clinical work suggests that therapies targeting the tumor microenvironment and extracellular matrix may enhance drug delivery by decompressing tumor vessels; (II) results from animal models may not be transferable because compressive forces in human tumors in vivo can be many times higher; and (III) there are no available imaging technologies for medical diagnostics of solid stress in human cancers. Using RPI, ImPRESS will conduct a comprehensive series of innovative studies in brain cancer patients to answer three key questions: (Q1) Can we image vascular restrictions in human cancers and map how the vasculature changes with tumor growth or treatment? (Q2) Can we use medical engineering to image solid stress in vivo? (Q3) Can RPI show that matrix-depleting drugs improve patient response to conventional chemo- and radiation therapy as well as new targeted therapies?   The ImPRESS project holds a unique position to answer these questions by our unrivaled experience with advanced imaging of cancer patients. With successful delivery, ImPRESS will have a direct impact on patient treatment and establish an imaging paradigm that will pave the way for new scientific knowledge on how to revitalize cancer therapies.  

Primary liver cancer, which consists predominantly of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third most common cause of cancer mortality. A successful surgical resection of HCC requires complete removal of the tumour while sparing as much healthy tissue as possible. Due to technical and clinical difficulties relatively low percentage of patients are eligible for resection. There is an urgent need to increase the patient eligibility and improve the survival prognosis after liver interventions. HiPerNav will train early stage researchers (biomedical engineers and medical doctors) to become international leading in key areas of expertise through a novel coordinated plan of individual research projects addressing specific bottlenecks in soft tissue navigation for improved treatment of liver cancer. The multi-disciplinary dialogue and work between clinicians and biomedical engineers is crucial to address these bottlenecks. By providing researchers with knowledge and training within specific topics from minimally invasive treatment, biomedical engineering, research methodologies, innovation and entrepreneurship, the link between academic research and industry will be strengthened. This allows for easy transfer of  promising results from the research projects to commercially exploitable solutions. The global image guided surgery devices market is promising; it was valued at USD 2.76 billion in 2013 and is projected to expand 6.4% from 2014 to 2022 to reach USD 4.80 billion in 2022. The market for soft-tissue navigation is still in its infancy, mainly due to challenges in achieved accuracy for targeting deformable and moving organs. By providing multi-disciplinary training, the researchers in this consortium of international leading research institutions, universities and industry will initiate true translational research from academic theoretical ideas to the clinical testing of prototype, developed solutions and tools.

DEMO2000-Prosj.ret tekn.utv. petro.virk

SILD-A New concept for Well Testing and Reservoir Fluid Sampling

Tildelt: kr 5,0 mill.

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DEMO2000-Prosj.ret tekn.utv. petro.virk

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