The overall concept of the NanoElMem project relates to developing novel stable and highly effective materials for the direct alkaline ethanol fuel cell (DAEFC), which directly converts ethanol to electric power. The enhancement of the performance of DAEFCs is based on the development of platinum (Pt)-free electrode catalysts and nano-composite membranes by using environmental-friendly inorganic and polysaccharide materials and technologies. The enormous technical and scientific potential of graphene will be explored in producing electrodes and of new graphene-polysaccharide membranes.